"Харьцангуйн онол"-ны өөр хувилбарууд

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(22 дундын хувилбарууд 5 хэрэглэгчид харагдахгүй)
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<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[ File:Two inertial systems with the relative numerical velocity v..png |thumb|
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[ File:Two inertial systems with the relative numerical velocity v..png |thumb|
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><br> <br>]]</span>
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ<br>ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋<br>ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ<br>ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ<br>ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠳ]]</span>
=ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ=
=ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ=
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ [[ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ]] ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠯᠪᠧᠷᠲ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠫᠷᠥᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ [[ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ]] ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠯᠪᠧᠷᠲ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠫᠷᠥᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ <small><small>1905</small></small> ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ <small><small>1915</small></small> ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃  
ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ <small><small>1905</small></small> ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ <small><small>1915</small></small> ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃  
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠷᠧᠯᠠᠲᠢᠸᠢᠰᠲ <small><small>(relativistic)</small></small> ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠸᠠᠻᠦᠦᠮ <small><small>(vacuum)</small></small> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ (v) ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠷᠧᠯᠠᠲᠢᠸᠢᠰᠲ <small><small>(relativistic)</small></small> ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠸᠠᠻᠦᠦᠮ <small><small>(vacuum)</small></small> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ (v) ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃ <ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref>
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ <small><small>(postulate)</small></small> ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠄
=ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ=
1. ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ <small><small>(inertial)</small></small> ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠠᠳᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ <small><small>(postulate)</small></small> ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠄<br>
2. ᠸᠠᠻᠤᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠃
1. ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ <small><small>(inertial)</small></small> ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠠᠳᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ <br>
2. ᠸᠠᠻᠤᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠃ <br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[ File: Sagnac effect 1 NT.PNG |thumb|
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[ File: Sagnac effect 1 NT.PNG |thumb|
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><br> <br>]]</span>
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><br> <br>]]</span>
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ <small><small>(Lorentz)</small></small> ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠣᠷᠳᠢᠨᠠᠲ <small><small>(coordinate)</small></small> ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠱᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ <small><small>(Lorentz)</small></small> ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠣᠷᠳᠢᠨᠠᠲ <small><small>(coordinate)</small></small> ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠶ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠱᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃
ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠸᠠᠻᠤᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ  
ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ <br>
<small><small>
1. ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠸᠠᠻᠤᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ᠂ <br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">  
2. ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ᠂<ref>Lumen Learning https://courses.lumenlearning.com ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 02 </ref> <br>
<math>\gamma=1/\sqrt{1-\mathbf{v}^2/c^2}</math>
3. ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ<br>
</span>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb; color:blue; font-family:arial"><br><br><br><br><br>[[File:LorentzFactorBG.jpg|200px|link=]]</span><br>
</small></small> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠮᠥᠨ <small><small><math>\gamma</math></small></small> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢᠰᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ <small><small><math>\gamma</math></small></small> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ <br>
ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ  
4. ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠮᠥᠨ '''<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb; font-family: 'Times New Roman' >&#947;</span>''' ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢᠰᠬᠤ᠂ <br>
<small><small>
5. ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ '''<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight:700">&#947;</span>''' ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ <br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">  
6. ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ <br>
<math>\E=mc^2}</math>
<strong>''<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb; color:blue; font-family:arial"><br><br><br><br><br>E=mc<sup>2</sup>
</span>
</span>''</strong> <br>
</small></small>  
ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ
ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ  
<i>
<small><small>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">E=m<sub>0</sub>c<sup>2</sup>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
<math>\E=m<sub>0</sub>c^2}</math>  
</span>  
</span>  
</small></small>
</i>
ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ m<sub>0</sub> ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃<ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref>  
ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ<small>''<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">m<sub>0</sub></span>''</small> ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ <ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref>
 
=ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ=
=ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ=
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠄ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭ) ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠄ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ <ref>University of Pittsburg http://www.pitt.edu/~jdnorton/teaching/HPS_0410/chapters/general_relativity ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ: 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 31 </ref>  
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:General relativity time and space distortion extract.gif|thumb|
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ (equivalence) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠲᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠮᠤᠢ᠃ <ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ: 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 01 </ref>
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ<br>ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ <br>ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ <br>ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠ]]</span>
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠄ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭ) ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃<br> ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠄ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ <ref>University of Pittsburg http://www.pitt.edu/~jdnorton/teaching/HPS_0410/chapters/general_relativity ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ: 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 31 </ref>  
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ <small><small>(equivalence)</small></small> ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠮᠤᠢ᠃ <ref>Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ: 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 01 </ref>
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃  
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃  
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠄
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠄<br>
1. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂
1. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂<br>
2. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ᠂
2. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ᠂<br>
3. ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠬᠦ᠂  
3. ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠬᠦ᠂ <br>
4. ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠄ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠺ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
4. ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠄ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠺ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃<br>
5. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ (Newton) ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ᠂
5. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ <small><small>(Newton)</small></small> ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ᠃<br>
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠢᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠠᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃  
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠢᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br>
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ (astrophysics) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠫᠦᠯᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ <small><small>(astrophysics)</small></small> ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠫᠦᠯᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃
=ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋=
=ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋=
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Artist's impression of Schwarzschild precession.tif |thumb|
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Artist's impression of Schwarzschild precession.tif |thumb|
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ <br>ᠠᠵᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ <br>ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ <br>ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠪᠢᠲ ᠨᠢ <br>ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠯᠤᠭ ‌᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ <br>ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃]]</span>
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "> ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ <br>ᠠᠵᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ <br>ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ [[Хар нүх|ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ]] ᠶ᠋ᠢ <br>ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠪᠢᠲ ᠨᠢ <br>ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠯᠤᠭ ‌᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ <br>ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃]]</span>
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref>  
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref>  
=ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ=
=ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ=
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃  ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲᠢᠸ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref>
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ [[Ньютоны хөдөлгөөний хуулиуд|ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ]] ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃  ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲᠢᠸ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<ref>А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989</ref> ᠨᠠᠷᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠭᠬᠢᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
=ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=
=ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=
<small><small>
<small><small>
54-р мөр: 56-р мөр:
Special Theory of Relativity<br>
Special Theory of Relativity<br>
General Theory of Relativity<br>
General Theory of Relativity<br>
velocity of light<br>
Специальная теория относительности<br>
Специальная теория относительности<br>
Общая теория относительности<br>
Общая теория относительности<br>
скорость света<br>
Харьцангуйн онол<br>
Харьцангуйн онол<br>
Харьцангуйн тусгай онол<br>
Харьцангуйн тусгай онол<br>
Харьцангуйн ерөнхий онол<br>
Харьцангуйн ерөнхий онол<br>
гэрлийн хурд
</span>
</span>
</small></small>
</small></small>
64-р мөр: 69-р мөр:
<small><small>
<small><small>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
[[Category:ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ‏‎]]

19:34, 25 Арваннэгдүгээр сар 2020-ий байдлаарх одоогийн засвар

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ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠳ

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠯᠪᠧᠷᠲ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠫᠷᠥᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ 1905 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ᠍ 1915 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠷᠧᠯᠠᠲᠢᠸᠢᠰᠲ (relativistic) ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠸᠠᠻᠦᠦᠮ (vacuum) ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ (v) ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃ [1]

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ (postulate) ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠄
1. ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ (inertial) ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠠᠳᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂
2. ᠸᠠᠻᠤᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠃



ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ (Lorentz) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠣᠷᠳᠢᠨᠠᠲ (coordinate) ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠶ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠱᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄
1. ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠸᠠᠻᠤᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ᠂
2. ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ᠂[2]
3. ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ






ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂
4. ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠮᠥᠨ γ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢᠰᠬᠤ᠂
5. ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ γ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃
6. ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ





E=mc2
ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ E=m0c2 ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦm0 ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ [3]

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ
ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ
ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ
ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠ

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠄ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭ) ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠄ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ [4] ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ (equivalence) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠮᠤᠢ᠃ [5] ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠄
1. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂
2. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ᠂
3. ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠬᠦ᠂
4. ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠄ ᠮᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠺ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠫᠣᠰᠲᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
5. ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ (Newton) ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ᠃
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠢᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ (astrophysics) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠫᠦᠯᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠃

ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ
ᠠᠵᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ
ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ
ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠪᠢᠲ ᠨᠢ
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠯᠤᠭ ‌᠊ᠠ᠋᠋
ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃[6]

ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲᠢᠸ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[7] ᠨᠠᠷᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠭᠬᠢᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃

ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

Special Theory of Relativity
General Theory of Relativity
velocity of light
Специальная теория относительности
Общая теория относительности
скорость света
Харьцангуйн онол
Харьцангуйн тусгай онол
Харьцангуйн ерөнхий онол
гэрлийн хурд

ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

  1. ↑ А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989
  2. ↑ Lumen Learning https://courses.lumenlearning.com ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 02
  3. ↑ А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989
  4. ↑ University of Pittsburg http://www.pitt.edu/~jdnorton/teaching/HPS_0410/chapters/general_relativity ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ: 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 31
  5. ↑ Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ: 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 01
  6. ↑ А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989
  7. ↑ А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989
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