"ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
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07:34, 22 Зургаадугаар сар 2021-ий байдлаарх засвар
ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ
ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠡ᠂ ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠬᠣᠨᠣᠳ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ
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| ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠬᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠨᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠰᠪᠠ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠭᠠᠩᠬᠤᠪᠠ[1] |
ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠬᠣᠨᠣᠳ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠣᠯᠬᠤᠨᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃[2]
ᠣᠯᠬᠤᠨᠤᠳ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠢᠢᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃
ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠳᠠᠭ᠃[3]
ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠬᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠶᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠭᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠦᠠ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠵᠢᠨ︵ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ)᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠴᠢᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ᠃
ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦᠳ ᠶᠢᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ
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| ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠵᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ[4] |
ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠢᠢᠨᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠴᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠶᠢᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠮᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠥᠨ ᠢᠨᠥ ᠰᠣᠴᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠭᠲᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠥᠲᠡᠶ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠥ ᠥᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠥ "ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠠᠯᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠣ ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ" ᠡᠪ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠭᠲᠡᠷ ᠥᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠥ ᠢᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ "ᠬᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠳ᠂ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ! ᠰᠡᠭᠥᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠥᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠥ᠂ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠭᠣᠳ ᠠᠬ ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠥᠥ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ" ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠣ ᠡᠢᠢᠮᠥ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠢᠪᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠮᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ
| ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ[5]᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠴᠦ[6]᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭ[7]᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠤᠬᠤᠯᠠ[8] ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠰᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ |
ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠶᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ︿ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ﹀ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠡᠨ ︿ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ﹀ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠶᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ 1240᠃ §56
- ↑ ᠷᠠᠱᠢᠳ᠋ ᠠᠳ᠋-ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨ᠍᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ( جامعالتواریخ)᠃ 1310/1311
- ↑ Jack Weatherford. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Crown and Three Rivers Press 2004. 0-609-80964-4
- ↑ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠶᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ 1240᠃ §59
- ↑ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠶᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ 1240᠃ §114
- ↑ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠶᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ 1240᠃ §119
- ↑ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠶᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ 1240᠃ §135
- ↑ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠶᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ 1240᠃ §137