ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ

Wikibilig-с


ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠤelectron ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠯ᠃ ᠡᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠲᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃


ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃[1] ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ 1927 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻᠴᠢ ᠸᠢᠷᠨᠢᠷ ᠾᠠᠢᠢᠰᡝᠨᠪᠢᠷᠭ᠌Werner Heisenberg ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃



ᠾᠠᠢᠢᠰᡝᠨᠪᠢᠷᠭ᠌ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ:

Δ𝑥⋅Δ𝑝≥ℏ/2​

ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ:


Δx ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃

Δp ᠨᠢ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃

ℏ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠫᠯᠠᠠᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠤᠨPlank ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ (ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ)᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠠᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃[2]

ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠴᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]


ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠹᠦᠨ᠍ᠻᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠾᠠᠽphase
ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠃


1. ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ - ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ: ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ (ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ) ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃

2. ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ: ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠌ :
ΔE⋅Δt≥ℏ2

ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ᠃[3]
3. ᠦᠯᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠᠯ: ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ (non-determinism) ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠰᠥᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ᠋ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠡᠭᠢ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠰᠢᠰᠲᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃

4. ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ: ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠻᠣᠫᠢᠨ᠍ᠾᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠋ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠬᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠦᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃


ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠰᠢᠰᠲᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠵᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ "ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ" (classical) ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃

ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ - quantum

ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ - elementary/fundamental particle

ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ - atom

ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ - wave

ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ - wave-particle duality

ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ - uncertainty principle

ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ - inequality

ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ - classical physics

ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ - probability

ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]