https://wikibilig.mn/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Niislel+Niisleliinhen 2026-06-14T01:40:40Z Хэрэглэгчийн оруулсан хувь нэмэр MediaWiki 1.44.0 https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%B4%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%82_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%B8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A9%E1%A0%B4%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD&diff=2580 2021-05-25T01:29:54Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: 202.126.93.236 (Яриа) хэрэглэгчийн 2576 засварыг цуцлах</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ=<br /> {{Infobox Researcher<br /> |name= ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ &lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}[[File:De Wang (cropped).jpg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠤᠩᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ]]{{Z}} <br /> |birthdate=1902 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 02 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08 <br /> |birthplace=ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ<br /> |yearsactive=1908 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 1966 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 23<br /> |fields=ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ <br /> |contributions=<br /> 1936 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<br /> 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<br /> |education=<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ<br /> |institutions=<br /> ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ (1908 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ)&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (1924 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ)&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ (1939 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ) <br /> |awards=ᠣᠳᠤᠨ<br /> |country=ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ<br /> |degrees= ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠸᠠᠩ<br /> }}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ=<br /> ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠠᠪ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠣ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠮᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠭᠡᠮ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1919 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ᠂ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠌ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1932 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 3 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ=<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ 1933 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 7 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 26 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠳ ᠲᠣ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1937 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋=<br /> ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ 1945 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ 《 ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠴᠢ 》᠂ 《ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ 》ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠷᠱᠠᠯ ᠬᠣ᠋᠂ ᠴᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 1950 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 2 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1950 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠌ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ‍ᠢ 10 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠪᠡ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ‍ᠢ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ 1954 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ=<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1963 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶ᠋ᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> хунтайж Дэмчигдонров&lt;br&gt;<br /> Дэ Ван&lt;br&gt;<br /> Өвөр Монгол&lt;br&gt;<br /> Цахар&lt;br&gt;<br /> үндэсний эрх чөлөөний хөдөлгөөн&lt;br&gt;<br /> Prince Demchogdonrub&lt;br&gt;<br /> De Wang&lt;br&gt;<br /> Southern Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> Inner Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> Chahar&lt;br&gt;<br /> national liberation movement&lt;br&gt;<br /> князь Дэмчигдонров&lt;br&gt;<br /> Южная Монголия&lt;br&gt;<br /> Юнутренняя Монголия&lt;br&gt;<br /> Чахар&lt;br&gt;<br /> национально-освободительное движение&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ=<br /> 1᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ᠃ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠣᠷ᠂ 2009 ᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠃ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠢᠰᠰ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ᠂ 2005 ᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 3᠂ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠴᠢᠯ (ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ) &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ‏‎]]</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%B4%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%82_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%B8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A9%E1%A0%B4%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD&diff=2579 2021-05-25T01:29:16Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: 202.126.93.236 (Яриа) хэрэглэгчийн 2575 засварыг цуцлах</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ=<br /> {{Infobox Researcher<br /> |name= ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ &lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}[[File:De Wang (cropped).jpg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠤᠩᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ]]{{Z}} <br /> |birthdate=1902 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 02 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08 <br /> |birthplace=ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ<br /> |yearsactive=1908 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 1966 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 23<br /> |fields=ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ <br /> |contributions=<br /> 1936 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<br /> 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<br /> |education=<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ<br /> |institutions=<br /> ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ (1908 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ)&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (1924 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ)&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ (1939 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ) <br /> |awards=ᠣᠳᠤᠨ<br /> |country=ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ<br /> |degrees= ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠸᠠᠩ<br /> }}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ=<br /> ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠠᠪ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠣ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠮᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠭᠡᠮ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1919 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ᠂ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠌ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭ1 ᠳ᠋ᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1932 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 3 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ=<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ 1933 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 7 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 26 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠳ ᠲᠣ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1937 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋=<br /> ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ 1945 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ 《 ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠴᠢ 》᠂ 《ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ 》ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠷᠱᠠᠯ ᠬᠣ᠋᠂ ᠴᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 1950 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 2 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1950 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠌ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ‍ᠢ 10 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠪᠡ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ‍ᠢ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ 1954 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ=<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1963 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶ᠋ᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> хунтайж Дэмчигдонров&lt;br&gt;<br /> Дэ Ван&lt;br&gt;<br /> Өвөр Монгол&lt;br&gt;<br /> Цахар&lt;br&gt;<br /> үндэсний эрх чөлөөний хөдөлгөөн&lt;br&gt;<br /> Prince Demchogdonrub&lt;br&gt;<br /> De Wang&lt;br&gt;<br /> Southern Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> Inner Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> Chahar&lt;br&gt;<br /> national liberation movement&lt;br&gt;<br /> князь Дэмчигдонров&lt;br&gt;<br /> Южная Монголия&lt;br&gt;<br /> Юнутренняя Монголия&lt;br&gt;<br /> Чахар&lt;br&gt;<br /> национально-освободительное движение&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ=<br /> 1᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ᠃ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠣᠷ᠂ 2009 ᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠃ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠢᠰᠰ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ᠂ 2005 ᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 3᠂ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠴᠢᠯ (ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ) &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ‏‎]]</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=Sunyata&diff=2574 2021-05-23T12:37:12Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Edit</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode:vertical-lr; max-height: 80vh;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ=<br /> __TOC__<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Image<br /> |Filename=Reflection in a soap bubble edit.jpg<br /> |text=ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢ᠁<br /> }}&lt;br&gt;<br /> '''ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ‍ᠠ᠋'''᠄ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ &quot;'''ᠨᠣᠮ'''&quot; ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ᠂ '''ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ''' ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ शून्यता ᠱᠦᠦ ᠨᠶᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ སྟོང་པ་ཉིད᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠰᠲᠣᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠶ᠋ᠢᠳ᠋᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠳᠣᠩᠪᠠᠨᠢᠳ᠎) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ (मध्यमक ᠮᠠ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠾᠶᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠ᠋ ᠻᠠ) ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ&lt;ref&gt;Paul Williams (2008). Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. Routledge, 68–69. ISBN 978-1-134-25056-1&lt;/ref&gt;᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;ref&gt;Christopher W. Gowans (2014). Buddhist Moral Philosophy: An Introduction. Routledge, 69–70. ISBN 978-1-317-65934-1&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ (ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ) ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠩᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ‍ᠣᠳ ᠲᠤ==<br /> ᠨᠣᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠴᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ <br /> ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠨᠣᠮᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Paul. Buddhist Thought. Routledge, 2000&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Paul. Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd edition. Routledge, 2009&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ प्रज्ञा ᠫᠷᠠᠵᠨ᠍ᠶᠠ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ ཤེས་རབ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠱᠧᠰ ᠷᠠᠪ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠱᠡᠢᠢᠷᠠᠪ) ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠰᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠍ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;ref&gt; Williams, Paul. Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd edition. Routledge, 2009 &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ (माया ᠮᠠ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋) ᠮᠡᠲᠦ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦ (स्वप्न ᠰᠸᠠᠫᠨᠠ) ᠮᠠᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ &lt;b&gt;ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ&lt;/b&gt; (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ अष्टसाहस्रिकाप्रज्ञापारमितासूत्र ᠠᠱᠲ᠋ᠠᠰᠠᠾᠠᠰᠷᠢᠻᠠ ᠫᠷᠠᠵᠨ᠍ᠶᠠ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠫᠠ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠷᠠᠮᠢᠲ᠋ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠦᠦᠲ᠋ᠷᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ ཤེར་ཕྱིན་བརྒྱད་སྟོང་པ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠱᠧᠷ ᠫᠶᠢᠨ ᠸᠷᠭᠶᠠᠳ᠋ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠩ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠰᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠳᠣᠩᠪᠠ) ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠨᠦ᠄&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠳᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Жадамба судар. Орч. Бугат Л.Алтангэрэл. Улаанбаатар. 2014 он&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠨᠣᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠣᠲᠾᠢᠰᠠᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥ᠋ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;Orsborn, Matthew Bryan. “Chiasmus in the Early Prajñāpāramitā: Literary Parallelism Connecting Criticism &amp; Hermeneutics in an Early Mahāyāna Sūtra”, University of Hong Kong , 2012 &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠸᠴᠢᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ‍ᠢ᠄&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠬᠦᠢ᠂ ᠵᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠰᠦ᠂&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦ᠂ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> སྐར་མ་རབ་རིབ་མར་མེ་དང༌། །&lt;br&gt;<br /> སྒྱུ་མ་ཟིལ་པ་ཆུ་བུར་དང་། །&lt;br&gt;<br /> རྨི་ལམ་གློག་དང་སྤྲིན་ལྟ་བུ། །&lt;br&gt;<br /> འདུས་བྱས་དེ་ལྟར་བལྟ་བར་བྱ། །<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ&lt;sup&gt;object&lt;/sup&gt; ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠍ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠸᠠᠲᠾᠢᠰᠠᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠸᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠸᠠᠲᠾᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;ref&gt; Williams, Paul. Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd edition.Routledge, 2009 &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠢᠷᠸᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡ᠂ ᠶᠧᠯᠸᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Paul, and Anthony J. Tribe. Buddhist Thought: A Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition. London: Routledge, 2000 &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠬ᠋ᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ ᠴᠤ (ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠬᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ) ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠄&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Хутагт ялж төгс нөгцсөн эх билгийн чанадад хүрсэний зүрхэн оршвой. Түвд хэлнээс орчуулсан Ч.Хатанбаатар. Хянан тохиолдуулсан Б.Идэрбаяр. ©Их Хөлгөний Уламжлалыг Хадгалах Төв. УБ 2013&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; <br /> ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> रूपं शून्यता, शून्यतैव रूपम्। &lt;br&gt;<br /> रूपान्न पृथक् शून्यता, शून्यताया न पृथग् रूपम्। &lt;br&gt;<br /> यद्रूपं सा शून्यता, या शून्यता तद्रूपम्।<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> གཟུགས་སྟོང་པའོ། སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་གཟུགས་སོ།&lt;br&gt;<br /> གཟུགས་ལས་སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་གཞན་མ་ཡིན།&lt;br&gt;<br /> སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་ལས་ཀྱང་གཟུགས་གཞན་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠣᠸᠠᠲᠾᠢᠰᠠᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ==<br /> ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠌᠄ मध्यमक ᠮᠠᠲᠾᠶᠠᠮᠠᠻᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ དབུ་མ, ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠳ᠋ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠮᠠ᠋᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠸᠦᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋) ᠪᠣᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠷᠵᠦ᠋ᠨᠠ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ नागार्जुन᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ མགོན་པ་ཀླུ་སྒྲུབ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠮᠭᠣᠨ᠎ ᠪᠣ ᠻᠯᠦ᠋ ᠰᠭᠷᠦ᠋ᠪ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠭᠣᠮᠪᠣᠯᠦ᠋ᠳᠦᠪ ) ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Paul. Buddhist Thought. Routledge, 2000&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠷᠵᠦᠨᠠ ᠨᠣᠮᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Kalupahana, David J. (1992), The Principles of Buddhist Psychology, Delhi: ri Satguru Publications&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Tsondru, Mabja. Ornament of Reason. Snow Lion Publications. 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Paul, Buddhist Thought: A Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition, 2002&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠷᠵᠤᠨᠠ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠨᠦ᠄ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠵᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠵᠢ ᠮᠥᠷ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Bronkhorst, Johannes (2009), Buddhist Teaching in India, Wisdom Publications&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Williams, Paul, Buddhist Thought: A Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition, 2002&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ==<br /> ᠶᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ &lt;b&gt;ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠤᠯ&lt;/b&gt; ‍ᠳᠤ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ समधिनिर्मोचना᠂ ᠰᠠᠩᠲᠾᠢᠨᠢᠷᠮᠣᠨᠣᠴᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ དགོངས་པ་ངེས་འགྲེལ༏᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠳ᠋ᠭᠣᠩᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠩᠧᠰ ᠠᠭᠷᠢᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠭᠣᠩᠪᠠ ᠧᠳᠢᠯ) ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋᠋ᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;ref&gt; King, Richard, Early Yogācāra and its Relationship with the Madhyamaka School, Philosophy East &amp; West Volume 44, Number 4 October 1994 &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠶᠦ᠋ ᠰᠻᠢᠯᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠲᠤ&lt;sup&gt;subject&lt;/sup&gt; (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ: ग्राहक᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ: འཛིན་པ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠪᠡᠰᠦ᠄ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ ) ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ&lt;sup&gt;object&lt;/sup&gt; (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ: ग्राह्य, ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ: བཛུང་པ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠴᠢᠯᠠᠪᠡᠰᠦ᠄ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ) ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Skilton, Andrew (1994). A Concise History of Buddhism. Windhorse Publications, London&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;b&gt;ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯ&lt;/b&gt; (Skt. मध्यांतविभागकारिका; Tib. དབུ་མཐའ་རྣམ་འབྱེད་) ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠨᠦ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;King, Richard, Early Yogācāra and its Relationship with the Madhyamaka School, Philosophy East &amp; West Volume 44, Number 4 October 1994&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ वसुबन्धु᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ དབྱིག་གཉེན᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠳᠪᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠭᠨ᠍ᠶᠧᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠵᠢᠭᠨᠢᠨ) ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ (आभूत-परिकल्प) ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠃<br /> ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br /> ᠡᠢᠢᠨᠬᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠍ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;King, Richard, Early Yogācāra and its Relationship with the Madhyamaka School, Philosophy East &amp; West Volume 44, Number 4 October 1994&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠨ᠍ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ &lt;b&gt;ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ&lt;/b&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠍ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br /> ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ&lt;sup&gt;རྣམ་པར་རིག་བྱེད (विज्ञप्तिः)&lt;/sup&gt; ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Kalupahana, David J. The Principles of Buddhist Psychology. Satguru Publications, Delhi 1992&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> == ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠨᠲᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ==<br /> ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠨᠲᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠨᠲᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠨᠲᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋  ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> * ᠭᠡᠯᠦᠭ (དགེ་ལུགས) ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋  ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> * ᠭᠠᠷᠵᠦᠳᠪᠠ (བཀའ་བརྒྱུད) ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> * ᠰᠠᠵᠢ (ས་སྐྱ) ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Коробов В. Б., Железнова Н. А. Философия буддизма. Энциклопедия (рус.) / под ред. М. Т. Степанянц. — М.: Восточная литература, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> * ᠵᠣᠭᠴᠧᠨ (རྫོགས་ཆེན) ‍ᠦ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠤ “ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ” (ཀུན་གཞི) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭ&lt;ref&gt;Иванов В. П. Философия буддизма. Энциклопедия (рус.) / под ред. М. Т. Стнпанянц. — М.: Восточная литература, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ==ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ==<br /> ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠣᠮ&lt;sup&gt;object&lt;/sup&gt; ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ (ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠄ प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠄ རྟེན་འབྲེལ) ᠎ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Cabezón, José Ignacio. &quot;Tsong Kha Pa&quot;, in Jones, Lindsay (ed.), MacMillan Encyclopedia of Religion, MacMillan 2005&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;Newland, Guy. Introduction to Emptiness: As Taught in Tsong-kha-pa's Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path, Ithaca 2008&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[http://studybuddhism.com/en/tibetan-buddhism/original-texts/sutra-texts/in-praise-of-dependent-arising Alexander Berzin, In Praise of Dependent Arising]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠄&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> “ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ” ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠢᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[http://media.dalailama.com/Mongolian/texts/tentel-Doipa-Mongolian.pdf Шүтэн барилдлагын магтаал сайн номын зүрхэн оршвой]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> གང་གང་རྐྱེན་ལ་རག་ལས་པ།&lt;br&gt;<br /> དེ་དེ་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་སྟོང་ཞེས།&lt;br&gt;<br /> གསུངས་་པ་འདི་ལས་ཡ་མཚན་པའི།&lt;br&gt;<br /> ལེགས་འདོམས་ཚུལ་ནི་ཅི་ཞིག་ཡོད།&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠢᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠢᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;[http://emptinessteachings.com/2014/09/11/the-two-truths-of-buddhism-and-the-emptiness-of-emptiness/ Susan Kahn, ''The Two Truths of Buddhism and The Emptiness of Emptiness'']&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠷ: &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠣᠨᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[http://emptinessteachings.com/2014/09/11/the-two-truths-of-buddhism-and-the-emptiness-of-emptiness/ Susan Kahn, ''The Two Truths of Buddhism and The Emptiness of Emptiness'']&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠨᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠪᠡᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Tsong Khapa. The great treatise on the stages of the path to enlightenment: Volume 3, Snow Lion Publications 2002. ISBN 1-55939-166-9&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠢᠰᠬᠡᠯ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Patrick Jennings, Tsongkhapa: In Praise of Relativity; The Essence of Eloquence Archived 2015-05-18 at the Wayback Machine&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ (ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ)᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> хоосон чанар&lt;br&gt;<br /> таван цогц&lt;br&gt;<br /> дөрвөн үнэн&lt;br&gt;<br /> чинагуухи үнэн&lt;br&gt;<br /> янагуухи үнэн&lt;br&gt;<br /> үнэмлэхүй үнэн&lt;br&gt;<br /> харьцангуй үнэн&lt;br&gt;<br /> билиг билгүүн&lt;br&gt;<br /> машид билиг&lt;br&gt;<br /> Зонхава&lt;br&gt;<br /> Нагаржуна&lt;br&gt;<br /> Нагаржунай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Васубандху&lt;br&gt;<br /> Төв үзэл&lt;br&gt;<br /> Сэтгэл төдийтний тогтсон таалал{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Śūnyatā&lt;br&gt;<br /> Shunyata&lt;br&gt;<br /> emptiness&lt;br&gt;<br /> voidness&lt;br&gt;<br /> five skandhas&lt;br&gt;<br /> five aggregates&lt;br&gt;<br /> Four Noble Truths&lt;br&gt;<br /> ultimate reality&lt;br&gt;<br /> relative truth&lt;br&gt;<br /> ultimate truth&lt;br&gt;<br /> wisdom&lt;br&gt;<br /> Prajna&lt;br&gt;<br /> transcendental wisdom&lt;br&gt;<br /> Je Tsongkhapa&lt;br&gt;<br /> Nagarjuna&lt;br&gt;<br /> Vasubandhu&lt;br&gt;<br /> Madhyamaka&lt;br&gt;<br /> Yogacara&lt;br&gt;<br /> Yogachara&lt;br&gt;<br /> schools of Buddhist philosophy{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> шуньята&lt;br&gt;<br /> пять скандх&lt;br&gt;<br /> Четыре благородных истины&lt;br&gt;<br /> реальность&lt;br&gt;<br /> относительная истина&lt;br&gt;<br /> мудрость&lt;br&gt;<br /> запредельная мудрость&lt;br&gt;<br /> праджня&lt;br&gt;<br /> Цонкапа&lt;br&gt;<br /> Нагаржуна&lt;br&gt;<br /> Васубандху&lt;br&gt;<br /> Мадхьямака&lt;br&gt;<br /> Йогачара&lt;br&gt;<br /> буддийские философские школы&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ==<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;references/&gt;<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ]]</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=509 2019-12-11T16:45:34Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;᠀᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> [[File:HomePage.JPG|center]]<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;inputbox&gt;<br /> type=create<br /> width=100<br /> break=no<br /> buttonlabel=Шинэ нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> default=(ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋)<br /> &lt;/inputbox&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [http://wikibilig.mn/Editor.html Монгол бичгийн эдитор]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Энгийн герпес|ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Идэж болдог ус|ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭ ᠣᠰᠣ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Байгалийн Түүхийн Музей|ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Халиун буга|ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усан цахилгаан станц|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠴᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усжуулах байгууламж|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠵᠢᠭᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэлмэгдэгсдийн хөшөө|ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын дөрвөн үнэн|ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын найман мөр|ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хоёртын тооллын систем|ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол (босоо хүснэгт)|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мануул|ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мазаалай|ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын газрын гадаргын геологийн түүх|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын түүхийн цаг тоолол|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Сэтгэл төдийтний тогтсон таалал|ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍‍‍‍‍ᠥ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар|ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэлхийн Ван|ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэг|ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цагаан кола|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цоохор ирвэс|ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Чавхдасын онол|ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠦ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Заг хүйтэн|ᠵᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Их Хорум зочид буудал|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠮ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Робот|ᠷᠣᠪᠣᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Калашниковын автомат|ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠼᠢᠷᠷᠥᠽ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[C амин дэм|C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%85%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB&diff=508 2019-12-11T16:42:15Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> =ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ=<br /> '''ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ''' &lt;br /&gt;<br /> ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ  ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨᠲᠦ ᠰᠤᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Calabi_yau_formatted.svg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠡᠭᠡᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠋ᠳᠠᠷᠲ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ=<br /> ==ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠦ==<br /> ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠳᠦ ᠧᠻᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠫᠥᠯᠠᠼ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨᠲᠦ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠫᠡᠻᠲᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ 10−33 ᠼᠧᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠫᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠮᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ (ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠠᠮᠫᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠳ᠋) ᠯᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠮ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ E→mc² ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠲᠦᠳᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠢᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:String_theory.svg|thumb|size = 10|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;<br /> 1. ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt; 2.ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt; 3. ᠠᠲᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt; 4. ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt; 5. ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt; 6. ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;<br /> String Theory&lt;br&gt;<br /> утасны онол&lt;br&gt;<br /> чавхдасын онол&lt;br&gt;<br /> эгэл бөөмс&lt;br&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&diff=507 2019-12-10T15:58:59Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: edit</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mountain goat in front of the Natural History Museum - Ulan Bator (Mongolia).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> =ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ=<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ‌᠊ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠸᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠨᠧᠣ - ᠻᠯᠠᠰᠰᠢᠼᠢᠰᠮ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ (2019 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋) ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 12000 ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ 40 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ&lt;ref&gt;http://nhm.gov.mn&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> =ᠮᠦᠽᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mongolian Natural History Museum.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ᠂ ᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ 1940 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊᠋ᠠ᠋&lt;ref&gt;http://youth.ub.gov.mn/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ Үндэсний-түүхийн-музей.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠷᠥᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃<br /> ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 13 ᠊ᠤ 116 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;http://youth.ub.gov.mn/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ Үндэсний-түүхийн-музей.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ 50000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 84 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 48000 ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 23 ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 214 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;http://nhm.gov.mn&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠫᠡᠷᠯᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 8000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠰᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ 2013 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 31 ᠊ᠦ А/173 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠪᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠰᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ 2013 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 31 ᠊ᠦ А/173 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ&lt;/ref&gt;᠃<br /> ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠢᠢ 2019 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<br /> = ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mongolian Museum.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 4.7 ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> =ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣᠭ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Oolithes spheroides mongolia.jpg<br /> Tarbosaur Mongolia.jpg<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Байгалийн Түүхийн Музей&lt;br&gt;<br /> палеонтологи&lt;br&gt;<br /> газар зүй&lt;br&gt;<br /> геологи&lt;br&gt;<br /> Музей Натуральной Истории Монголии&lt;br&gt;<br /> Natural History Museum of Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&diff=506 2019-12-10T15:57:09Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: edit</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mountain goat in front of the Natural History Museum - Ulan Bator (Mongolia).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> =ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ=<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ‌᠊ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠸᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠨᠧᠣ - ᠻᠯᠠᠰᠰᠢᠼᠢᠰᠮ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ (2019 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋) ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 12000 ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ 40 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ&lt;ref&gt;http://nhm.gov.mn&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> =ᠮᠦᠽᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mongolian Natural History Museum.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ᠂ ᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ 1940 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊᠋ᠠ᠋&lt;ref&gt;http://youth.ub.gov.mn/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ Үндэсний-түүхийн-музей.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠷᠥᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃<br /> ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 13 ᠊ᠤ 116 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;http://youth.ub.gov.mn/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ Үндэсний-түүхийн-музей.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ 50000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 84 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 48000 ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 23 ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 214 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;http://nhm.gov.mn&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠫᠡᠷᠯᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 8000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠰᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ 2013 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 31 ᠊ᠦ А/173 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠪᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃<br /> ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠢᠢ 2019 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<br /> = ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mongolian Museum.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 4.7 ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> =ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣᠭ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Oolithes spheroides mongolia.jpg<br /> Tarbosaur Mongolia.jpg<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Байгалийн Түүхийн Музей&lt;br&gt;<br /> палеонтологи&lt;br&gt;<br /> газар зүй&lt;br&gt;<br /> геологи&lt;br&gt;<br /> Музей Натуральной Истории Монголии&lt;br&gt;<br /> Natural History Museum of Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=505 2019-12-10T15:29:55Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;᠀᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> [[File:HomePage.JPG|center]]<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;inputbox&gt;<br /> type=create<br /> width=100<br /> break=no<br /> buttonlabel=Шинэ нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> default=(ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋)<br /> &lt;/inputbox&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [http://wikibilig.mn/Editor.html Монгол бичгийн эдитор]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Энгийн герпес|ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Идэж болдог ус|ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭ ᠣᠰᠣ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Байгалийн Түүхийн Музей|ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Халиун буга|ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усан цахилгаан станц|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠴᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усжуулах байгууламж|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠵᠢᠭᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэлмэгдэгсдийн хөшөө|ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын дөрвөн үнэн|ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын найман мөр|ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хоёртын тооллын систем|ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол (босоо хүснэгт)|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мануул|ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мазаалай|ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын газрын гадаргын геологийн түүх|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын түүхийн цаг тоолол|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Сэтгэл төдийтний тогтсон таалал|ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍‍‍‍‍ᠥ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар|ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэлхийн Ван|ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэг|ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цагаан кола|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цоохор ирвэс|ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Заг хүйтэн|ᠵᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Их Хорум зочид буудал|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠮ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Робот|ᠷᠣᠪᠣᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Калашниковын автомат|ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠼᠢᠷᠷᠥᠽ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[C амин дэм|C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&diff=504 2019-12-10T15:27:43Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mountain goat in front of the Natural History Museum - Ulan Bator (Mongolia).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> =ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ=<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ‌᠊ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠸᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠨᠧᠣ - ᠻᠯᠠᠰᠰᠢᠼᠢᠰᠮ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ (2019 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋) ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 12000 ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ 40 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ&lt;ref&gt;http://nhm.gov.mn&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> =ᠮᠦᠽᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mongolian Natural History Museum.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ᠂ ᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ 1940 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊᠋ᠠ᠋&lt;ref&gt;http://youth.ub.gov.mn/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ Үндэсний-түүхийн-музей.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠷᠥᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃<br /> ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 13 ᠊ᠤ 116 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;http://youth.ub.gov.mn/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ Үндэсний-түүхийн-музей.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ 50000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 84 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 48000 ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 23 ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 214 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ&lt;ref&gt;http://nhm.gov.mn&lt;/ref&gt;᠃ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠫᠡᠷᠯᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 8000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃<br /> = ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Mongolian Museum.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 4.7 ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> =ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣᠭ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Oolithes spheroides mongolia.jpg<br /> Tarbosaur Mongolia.jpg<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Байгалийн Түүхийн Музей&lt;br&gt;<br /> палеонтологи&lt;br&gt;<br /> газар зүй&lt;br&gt;<br /> геологи&lt;br&gt;<br /> Музей Натуральной Истории Монголии&lt;br&gt;<br /> Natural History Museum of Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%81&diff=503 2019-12-06T10:48:32Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: spelling</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:MP-Panthera uncia1.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;<br /> '''ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ''' 10 - 13 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠊ᠢᠨᠦ ᠭᠡᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠭᠢᠨᠰᠡ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠭᠦᠶᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃<br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ 20 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=502 2019-12-05T01:44:17Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;᠀᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> [[File:HomePage.JPG|center]]<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;inputbox&gt;<br /> type=create<br /> width=100<br /> break=no<br /> buttonlabel=Шинэ нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> default=(ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋)<br /> &lt;/inputbox&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [http://wikibilig.mn/Editor.html Монгол бичгийн эдитор]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Энгийн герпес|ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Идэж болдог ус|ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭ ᠣᠰᠣ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Халиун буга|ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усан цахилгаан станц|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠴᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усжуулах байгууламж|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠵᠢᠭᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэлмэгдэгсдийн хөшөө|ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын дөрвөн үнэн|ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын найман мөр|ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хоёртын тооллын систем|ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол (босоо хүснэгт)|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мануул|ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мазаалай|ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын газрын гадаргын геологийн түүх|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын түүхийн цаг тоолол|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Сэтгэл төдийтний тогтсон таалал|ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍‍‍‍‍ᠥ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар|ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэлхийн Ван|ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэг|ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цагаан кола|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цоохор ирвэс|ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Заг хүйтэн|ᠵᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Их Хорум зочид буудал|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠮ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Робот|ᠷᠣᠪᠣᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Калашниковын автомат|ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠼᠢᠷᠷᠥᠽ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[C амин дэм|C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82&diff=501 2019-12-05T01:13:31Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> =ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Автомат Калашникова образца 1947 года (AK-47) (3276205993).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;1947 &lt;br&gt;ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;AK-47]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;《ᠠᠻᠠ》 (АК) ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 7.62 ᠮᠢᠯᠢᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠮ᠂ ᠲ᠂ ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠥᠻᠣᠹ 1947 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃<br /> ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲᠣᠮᠠᠲ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠰᠢᠬᠢ 60 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ 70 ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ 50 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;ref&gt;Баранец, Виктор Автомат Калашникова: вместо отставки идёт на повышение. Комсомольская правда. ЗАО «ИД „Комсомольская правда“» (01.11.2011). &lt;/ref&gt;᠃<br /> ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ 7.62 ᠮᠢᠯᠢᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠮᠠᠲ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠻᠠᠯᠢᠪᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠂ АКМ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ АК-74᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠫᠦᠯᠧᠮᠧᠲ᠂ ᠻᠠᠷᠠᠪᠢᠨ᠎᠂ ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠲᠤ «Сайга» ᠪᠤᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃<br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ 2013 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ 17 ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ &lt;ref&gt;City-FM / 17 миллионов автоматов Калашникова находится на складах Минобороны. Московское информационное радио City FM (28.02.2013).&lt;/ref&gt;᠃<br /> =ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠤᠳ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:AK knife.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;AK-47 ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠣᠩᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠳᠠ &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ᠄<br /> - ᠭᠣᠯᠣ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ᠂<br /> - ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠢᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ<br /> - ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ<br /> - ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠷᠠᠮ<br /> - ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ<br /> - ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠧᡘᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ<br /> - ᠭᠣᠯᠣ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠩ<br /> - ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠧᡘᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ<br /> - ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ<br /> - ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠽᠢᠨ<br /> - ᠵᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ<br /> ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠷᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ᠂ ᠣᠭᠣᠰᠣᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠽᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠠᠮᠧᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃<br /> ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠠᠮᠧᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠯᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠷᠠᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠪᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠣᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠧᡘᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠦᠷᠱ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠽᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠫᠦᠷᠱᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠷᠠᠮ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠧᡘᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠣᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠣᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠃ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠫᠤᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠭᠣᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ &lt;ref&gt;http://galiinbeltgel.blogspot.com&lt;/ref&gt;᠃<br /> =ᠰᠤᠮᠤ=<br /> АК47 ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ 1943 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 7.62х39 ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ Т-45 ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ БЗ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠯᠠᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ &lt;ref&gt;https://vpk.name/blog/interest-about-ak-47&lt;/ref&gt;᠃<br /> =ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Автомат Калашникова со сбалансированной автоматикой АК-107 - ЦНИИТОЧМАШ 01.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲᠢᠭ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ &lt;br&gt;AK-107]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;small&gt;<br /> АК&lt;br&gt;<br /> АКС&lt;br&gt;<br /> АКМ&lt;br&gt;<br /> АКМС&lt;br&gt;<br /> АК-74&lt;br&gt;<br /> АКС-74&lt;br&gt;<br /> АК-74М&lt;br&gt;<br /> АКС-74У&lt;br&gt;<br /> AK-103&lt;br&gt;<br /> AK-105&lt;br&gt;<br /> AK-107&lt;br&gt;<br /> АК-12&lt;br&gt;<br /> АК-15&lt;br&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠥᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;small&gt;avtomat Kalashnikova&lt;br&gt;<br /> small arms&lt;br&gt;<br /> автомат Калашникова&lt;br&gt;<br /> стрелковые оружия&lt;br&gt;<br /> буудлагын зэвсэг&lt;br&gt;<br /> ака&lt;br&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;Comments/&gt;<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠦᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:AK_knife.jpg&diff=500 2019-12-05T01:05:45Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Зөвшөөрөлгүй авч нийтлэхийг хориглоно. ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ Wikibilig (c)</p> <hr /> <div>== Товч агуулга ==<br /> Зөвшөөрөлгүй авч нийтлэхийг хориглоно. ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ Wikibilig (c)</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=337 2019-07-19T05:20:58Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠣᠯᠢ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [http://wikibilig.mn/Editor.html Шинэ нийтлэл бичих]&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Энгийн герпес|ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Идэж болдог ус|ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭ ᠣᠰᠣ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Заг хүйтэн|ᠵᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠼᠢᠷᠷᠥᠽ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[C амин дэм|C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ]]<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=C_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC&diff=336 2019-07-19T05:08:54Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: image</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Vitamin C.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> '''C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ'''<br /> <br /> ᠪᠦᠷ 1820 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠦᠢᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠻᠷᠠᠮᠧᠷ ᠪᠤᠢᠯᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠺᠽᠡᠮ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠺᠣᠷᠪᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ.ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ 19 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠸᠠ᠊. ᠸᠠ᠊.ᠫᠠᠱᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠡ᠃ <br /> 1919 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠷᠦ᠋ᠮᠣᠨ᠋ᠳ᠋ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ C ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ (ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1918 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ 1927 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠧᠢᠢᠯᠧᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠾᠢᠷᠰᠲ᠋᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠢᠻᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ – ᠍ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠷᠷᠧᠷ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠨ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1932 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠷᠧᠢᠢᠬᠱᠲᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠾᠢᠷᠰᠲ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠾᠧᠥᠦ᠋ᠷᠽ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ==<br /> ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠰᠡᠯᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠠᠰᠻᠥᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠻᠧᠲ᠋ᠣᠺᠦ᠋ᠯᠣᠨ ᠣ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ== <br /> ᠡᠳ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣ᠋ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠧᠳᠦ᠋ᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠽ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋᠊ᠢᠢᠣᠨ ᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠹᠧᠷᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠨᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠧᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠷᠧᠳᠣᠻᠰ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ== <br /> 1. ᠰᠧᠷᠣᠲᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠷᠢᠫᠲᠣᠹᠠᠨ ᠣ 5-ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠫᠲ᠋ᠣᠹᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ <br /> 2᠃ 3᠂ 4-ᠳ᠋ᠢᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠹᠧᠨᠢᠯ᠊ᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠠᠳ᠋ᠷᠧᠨᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ) <br /> 3. N-ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠹᠧᠨᠢᠯ᠊ᠫᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠸᠠᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠺᠧᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠽᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ <br /> 4. ᠬᠣᠯᠧᠰᠲᠧᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠣᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠨᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠢᠳ᠋ᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ <br /> 5. ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ B-ᠪᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢᠷᠣᠪᠧᠲᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ 3-ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> 6. ᠲᠷᠠᠰᠹᠧᠷᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠲᠦ ᠬ᠋ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> 7. ᠹᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠻᠣᠹᠧᠷᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> 8. ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠯᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠺᠷᠡᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ (ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋) ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠰᠠᠲᠤᠵᠤ ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (ᠸ.ᠨ᠊. ᠸᠷᠧᠾᠣᠸᠢᠴ)᠃ <br /> ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠳᠣ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢ᠊ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠯᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠺᠯᠢᠻᠣᠺᠧᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠺᠧᠻᠰᠣᠻᠢᠨᠠᠽ᠂ ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠺᠧᠻᠰᠥ᠊ᠢᠽᠣᠮᠧᠷᠠᠽ᠂ ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠻᠣᠮᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠠᠽ ᠣᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠻᠷᠧᠪᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ B ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ A᠂ E ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋᠂ ᠹᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠫᠠᠨ᠋ᠲᠣᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋᠂ ᠻᠣᠨ᠋ᠳᠷᠣᠢᠢᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠣᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ᠯᠹᠠᠲ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠴᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ. C ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠺᠧᠮᠣᠺᠯᠣᠪᠢᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ Fe ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠦᠭᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠹᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠨᠧᠮᠢᠢᠠᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠢᠯᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠣᠭᠣᠵᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠱᠡᠦᠳᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠩᠬᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷᠲᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢᠲᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠮᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠣᠭᠣᠵᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠣ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠥᠪᠦᠩ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠰᠠᠷᠨᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C -- ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ?== <br /> ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠨᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠯᠢᠫᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳᠢᠳ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠧᠮᠪᠷᠠᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ. ᠯᠧᠢᠢᠻᠣᠽᠢᠲ ᠳᠣ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠰᠣᠨᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠹᠠᠭᠣᠼᠢᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠳᠠᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠭᠣ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ 10 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠦᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠯᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠴᠡᠶᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠦᠰᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ 3-4 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠰᠡᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠡ –ᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠡ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C –ᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠨᠢ 1 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠦ 7.5 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ 1000 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ 40-50 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ 75 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ== <br /> 100 ᠭᠷᠦᠶᠢᠫ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ 1200 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠺᠢᠣᠢᠨᠳᠢ 26.7%᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ 150 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠶᠠᠨᠰᠤᠶᠢᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ 100 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠸᠠᠨᠳᠧᠦ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠵᠦᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠯᠣᠣᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠦᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠱᠣᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠡᠷᠼ᠂ ᠭᠣᠨᠢᠳ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠮᠥᠰᠥ᠂ ᠴᠢᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠦᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ==<br /> - ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C –ᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> - ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ 10 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ C ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> - ᠰᠤᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠩᠨᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ== <br /> - ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠮ᠂ ᠬᠢᠫᠣ᠊ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ᠣᠼ <br /> - ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠽ <br /> - ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ <br /> - ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ <br /> - ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ <br /> ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ 0.05᠂ 0.1 ᠦᠷᠢᠯ᠄ 5%᠂ 10% ᠍ ᠦᠨ 1 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠷ – ᠍ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠫᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠰᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠨᠭᠡᠷᠨᠨᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠫᠫᠠᠷᠠᠲ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ. ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃ ᠡᠴᠦᠰᠯᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳᠢᠳ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ== <br /> ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=C_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC&diff=335 2019-07-19T05:06:38Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__&lt;big&gt;<br /> '''C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ'''<br /> <br /> ᠪᠦᠷ 1820 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠦᠢᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠻᠷᠠᠮᠧᠷ ᠪᠤᠢᠯᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠺᠽᠡᠮ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠺᠣᠷᠪᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ.ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ 19 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠸᠠ᠊. ᠸᠠ᠊.ᠫᠠᠱᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠡ᠃ <br /> 1919 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠷᠦ᠋ᠮᠣᠨ᠋ᠳ᠋ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ C ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ (ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1918 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ 1927 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠧᠢᠢᠯᠧᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠾᠢᠷᠰᠲ᠋᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠢᠻᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ – ᠍ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠷᠷᠧᠷ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠨ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1932 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠷᠧᠢᠢᠬᠱᠲᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠾᠢᠷᠰᠲ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠾᠧᠥᠦ᠋ᠷᠽ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ==<br /> ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠰᠡᠯᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠠᠰᠻᠥᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠻᠧᠲ᠋ᠣᠺᠦ᠋ᠯᠣᠨ ᠣ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ== <br /> ᠡᠳ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣ᠋ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠧᠳᠦ᠋ᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠽ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋᠊ᠢᠢᠣᠨ ᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠹᠧᠷᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠨᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠧᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠷᠧᠳᠣᠻᠰ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ== <br /> 1. ᠰᠧᠷᠣᠲᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠷᠢᠫᠲᠣᠹᠠᠨ ᠣ 5-ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣ᠊ᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠫᠲ᠋ᠣᠹᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ <br /> 2᠃ 3᠂ 4-ᠳ᠋ᠢᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠹᠧᠨᠢᠯ᠊ᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠠᠳ᠋ᠷᠧᠨᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ) <br /> 3. N-ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠹᠧᠨᠢᠯ᠊ᠫᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠸᠠᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠺᠧᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠽᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ <br /> 4. ᠬᠣᠯᠧᠰᠲᠧᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠣᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠᠰᠨᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠢᠳ᠋ᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ <br /> 5. ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ B-ᠪᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢᠷᠣᠪᠧᠲᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ 3-ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> 6. ᠲᠷᠠᠰᠹᠧᠷᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠲᠦ ᠬ᠋ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> 7. ᠹᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠻᠣᠹᠧᠷᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> 8. ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠯᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠺᠷᠡᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ (ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋) ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠰᠠᠲᠤᠵᠤ ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (ᠸ.ᠨ᠊. ᠸᠷᠧᠾᠣᠸᠢᠴ)᠃ <br /> ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠳᠣ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢ᠊ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠯᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠺᠯᠢᠻᠣᠺᠧᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠺᠧᠻᠰᠣᠻᠢᠨᠠᠽ᠂ ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠺᠧᠻᠰᠥ᠊ᠢᠽᠣᠮᠧᠷᠠᠽ᠂ ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠻᠣᠮᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠠᠽ ᠣᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠻᠷᠧᠪᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ B ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ A᠂ E ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋᠂ ᠹᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠫᠠᠨ᠋ᠲᠣᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋᠂ ᠻᠣᠨ᠋ᠳᠷᠣᠢᠢᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠣᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ᠯᠹᠠᠲ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠴᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ. C ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠺᠧᠮᠣᠺᠯᠣᠪᠢᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ Fe ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠦᠭᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠹᠣᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠨᠧᠮᠢᠢᠠᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠻᠣᠯᠯᠠᠺᠧᠨ᠋ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠼᠢᠨᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠢᠯᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠣᠭᠣᠵᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠱᠡᠦᠳᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠩᠬᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷᠲᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢᠲᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠮᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠣᠭᠣᠵᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠣ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠥᠪᠦᠩ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠰᠠᠷᠨᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C -- ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ?== <br /> ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠨᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠯᠢᠫᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳᠢᠳ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠧᠮᠪᠷᠠᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ. ᠯᠧᠢᠢᠻᠣᠽᠢᠲ ᠳᠣ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠰᠣᠨᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠹᠠᠭᠣᠼᠢᠲ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠳᠠᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠭᠣ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ 10 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ. ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠦᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠯᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠴᠡᠶᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠦᠰᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ 3-4 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠰᠡᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠡ –ᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠡ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C –ᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠨᠢ 1 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠦ 7.5 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ 1000 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ 40-50 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ 75 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ== <br /> 100 ᠭᠷᠦᠶᠢᠫ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ 1200 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠺᠢᠣᠢᠨᠳᠢ 26.7%᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ 150 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠶᠠᠨᠰᠤᠶᠢᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ 100 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠸᠠᠨᠳᠧᠦ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠵᠦᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠯᠣᠣᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠦᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠱᠣᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠡᠷᠼ᠂ ᠭᠣᠨᠢᠳ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠮᠥᠰᠥ᠂ ᠴᠢᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠦᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ==<br /> - ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ C –ᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> - ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ 10 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ C ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> - ᠰᠤᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠩᠨᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ==C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ== <br /> - ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠮ᠂ ᠬᠢᠫᠣ᠊ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ᠣᠼ <br /> - ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠽ <br /> - ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ <br /> - ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ <br /> - ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ <br /> ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ 0.05᠂ 0.1 ᠦᠷᠢᠯ᠄ 5%᠂ 10% ᠍ ᠦᠨ 1 ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠷ – ᠍ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠫᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠰᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠨᠭᠡᠷᠨᠨᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠫᠫᠠᠷᠠᠲ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ ᠍ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ. ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃ ᠡᠴᠦᠰᠯᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳᠢᠳ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ== <br /> ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Vitamin_C.jpg&diff=334 2019-07-19T04:57:57Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9&diff=332 2019-06-26T06:31:39Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: image</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Chadwickgobi.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠴᠥᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠨᠦ &lt;small&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;Ursus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;Arctos&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;Gobiensis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃<br /> ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠥᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠢᠬᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠯᠮᠣᠨᠴᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠴᠡᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ &lt;small&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1953&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠭᠣᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ.<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠥᠬᠥᠨ᠃ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=330 2019-06-19T02:23:07Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list. Alphabetical order</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠣᠯᠢ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [http://wikibilig.mn/Editor.html Шинэ нийтлэл бичих]&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Энгийн герпес|ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Идэж болдог ус|ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭ ᠣᠰᠣ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Заг хүйтэн|ᠵᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠼᠢᠷᠷᠥᠽ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%81&diff=329 2019-06-19T02:04:41Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>{{ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ}}ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ {{Horizontal}}(Herpes{{EndHorizontal}} {{Horizontal}}simplex) {{EndHorizontal}} ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶᠢᠴᠦᠳ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File: Herpes simplex Lid.jpg|thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt; <br /> <br /> =ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠵᠢᠮᠠᠠ=<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ  ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ {{Horizontal}}1912{{EndHorizontal}} ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠷᠦᠢᠲ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}herpesviridae{{EndHorizontal}} ᠣᠮᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠰᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠶᠢᠯᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ {{Horizontal}}1{{EndHorizontal}} ᠪᠠ 2 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ {{Horizontal}}1962{{EndHorizontal}} ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠡᠢ᠂ {{Horizontal}}120{{EndHorizontal}}{{Horizontal}}-{{EndHorizontal}}{{Horizontal}}150{{EndHorizontal}} ᠨᠮ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ {{Horizontal}}100{{EndHorizontal}} {{Horizontal}}x{{EndHorizontal}} {{Horizontal}}106{{EndHorizontal}} ᠻᠢᠯᠣ᠋ ᠳᠠᠯᠲᠣᠨ ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠦᠯ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠢ᠊᠂ᠨᠦ᠋᠊᠂ᠬᠦ᠊᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠢ᠊᠂ᠨᠦ᠋᠊᠂ᠬᠦ᠊᠂ ᠊ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠯᠢᠫᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠠᠳ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠠᠳ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠡᠰ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ {{Horizontal}}gp B{{EndHorizontal}}᠂ {{Horizontal}}gp C{{EndHorizontal}}᠂ {{Horizontal}}gp D{{EndHorizontal}}᠂ {{Horizontal}}gp E{{EndHorizontal}} ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}1{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨᠰ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}1{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}1{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢᠲᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}1{{EndHorizontal}}᠂ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}2{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠭᠣ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠭᠣ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}1{{EndHorizontal}} ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}2{{EndHorizontal}} ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰᠡᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ -{{Horizontal}}2{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> =ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ= <br /> ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠪᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠪᠭᠦᠶᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ {{Horizontal}}38-39{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠡᠮ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠣᠪᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ.ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠢᠵ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠣᠯᠤᠮᠲᠤᠨᠳᠤ {{Horizontal}}2-10{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ {{Horizontal}}2-3{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷᠲᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ {{Horizontal}}1-1.5{{EndHorizontal}} ᠰᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠣᠯᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠢᠯᠲᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠢᠯᠲᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠭᠣᠯᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢ᠂ {{Horizontal}}5-6{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠬᠣᠷᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠲᠵᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ {{Horizontal}}7-10{{EndHorizontal}} ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠭᠣᠯᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> =ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠊ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ= <br /> ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠰᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠲᠷᠣᠹᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨᠳ᠋ ᠡᠦᠽᠢᠨᠣᠹᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦᠢ᠂᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ <br /> =ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ= <br /> ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠨᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠻᠠᠰᠲᠡᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ᠂ ᠪᠷᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ {{Horizontal}}1-3%{{EndHorizontal}} ᠰᠫᠢᠷᠲ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠸᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠢᠴᠡ᠂ {{Horizontal}}3%{{EndHorizontal}} ᠣᠻᠰᠠᠯᠢᠨ᠂ {{Horizontal}}3-5%{{EndHorizontal}} ᠲᠧᠪᠷᠣᠹᠧᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠽᠢ᠂ {{Horizontal}}5%{{EndHorizontal}} ᠽᠣᠸᠢᠷᠠᠻᠰ (ᠠᠼᠢᠻᠯᠣᠸᠢᠷ᠂ ᠸᠢᠷᠣᠯᠧᠻᠰ) ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ {{Horizontal}}5-6{{EndHorizontal}} ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠹᠧᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ {{Horizontal}}6-7{{EndHorizontal}} ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠣᠯᠤᠮᠲᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ.᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠻᠡᠷᠢᠰ᠂ ᠲᠢᠮᠠᠯᠢᠨ᠂ {{Horizontal}}T {{EndHorizontal}} – ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠻᠣᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠽᠣᠯ {{Horizontal}}0.01{{EndHorizontal}} ᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ {{Horizontal}}2{{EndHorizontal}} ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠧᠽᠣᠻᠰᠢᠷᠢᠪᠣᠨᠦ᠋ᠻᠯᠧᠶᠠᠽ ᠊ᠢ {{Horizontal}}10{{EndHorizontal}}{{Horizontal}}-{{EndHorizontal}}{{Horizontal}}25{{EndHorizontal}} ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠻᠯᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠽᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠨᠵᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ {{Horizontal}}6-10{{EndHorizontal}} ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠠᠼᠢᠻᠯᠣᠪᠢᠷ ᠶᠢ {{Horizontal}}200{{EndHorizontal}} ᠮᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ {{Horizontal}}5{{EndHorizontal}} ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ {{Horizontal}}5{{EndHorizontal}} ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ {{Horizontal}}5-6{{EndHorizontal}} ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> =ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ=<br /> ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ= <br /> ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠫᠣᠷᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=213 2019-06-04T13:44:06Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠣᠯᠢ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;Нийтлэлүүд&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ|Абтай хан]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|Авлига]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ|Алькубьерын аялал]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ|Архаг ядаргааны хам шинж]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|Баттулга, Боржигин Халтмаа]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ|Богд Хан Уул]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ|Болор]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ|Бронтозавр]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ|Геологийн цаг тоолол]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)|Геологийн цаг тоолол (босоо хүснэгт)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠢᠭ|Дэг]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ|Дэлхийн Ван]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎|Ертөнцийг үзэх үзэл]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎|Жижиг дунд үйлдвэр]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ|Заамар сум]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ|Квант механик]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ|Кварк]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ|Мазаалай]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ|Монголын газрын гадаргын геологийн түүх]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ|Нүүрс хийжүүлэх технологи]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ|Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ|Увс нуур]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ|Улаанбаатар]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ|Усны хан гүрвэл]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ|Халиун буга]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ|Хан Бумбат нисэх буудал]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ|Хулиган]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ|Хутагтын дөрвөн үнэн]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ|Хутагтын найман мөр]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋|Юникод]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋|Янгир]]&lt;br&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6&diff=212 2019-06-04T13:14:57Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: </p> <hr /> <div>{{ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ}}<br /> '''ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ'''<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Aysha Lee.jpg|thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ &lt;br&gt;ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ &lt;br&gt; &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode:horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;Myalgic &lt;br&gt;Encephalomyelitis &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ &lt;br&gt; ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ=<br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ (ᠬᠥᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ) <br /> <br /> •           ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠪᠭᠦᠶᠢᠷᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠲᠷᠡᠰᠰᠲ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠨᠣᠢᠷᠭᠦᠦᠶᠢᠡᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> =ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ=<br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ (ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂) ᠨᠢ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠼᠡᠹᠠᠯᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠼᠡᠹᠠᠯᠢᠲ (ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ) ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ (ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ) ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶᠢᠴᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠡᠫᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢᠨ-ᠪᠠᠷᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ=<br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ Herpes simplex I ᠪᠤᠶᠤ II ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠂ Varicella Zoster ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ᠂ ᠫᠰ᠋ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠪᠡᠶᠡᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠤᠳ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠡᠫᠯᠢᠺᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠ‍᠂ᠣ᠊᠂ᠬᠣ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠥᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠽᠵ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 50% ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> 1940-1950 ᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠡᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ 1980 ᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠪᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ᠄ <br /> <br /> •           ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠡᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ'' <br /> <br /> ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠤᠳᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ᠂ 20-30 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ'' <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠦᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠺᠢᠯᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠺᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠨᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠥᠷᠲᠥᠯᠲᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠣᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ (ᠠᠩᠲ᠋ᠢᠪᠢᠣᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ᠂ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠ‍᠂ᠣ᠊᠂ᠬᠣ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ) ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠹᠡᠷᠠᠼᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 3.1 ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ %<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠪᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ (ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ) <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |28<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |13<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ <br /> |23<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ <br /> |63<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠷᠠᠨᠭᠢᠲᠤ (ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ) <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |80<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ (N=31) <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |39<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |23<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ <br /> |39<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |83<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |33<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ <br /> |12<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |45<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |78<br /> |-<br /> |ᠨᠣᠢᠷᠭᠦᠦᠶᠢᠡᠯ <br /> |73<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |65<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠯ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ (N=39) <br /> |44<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |40<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |35<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠬᠦ <br /> |33<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠦᠶᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠬᠤ (N=30) <br /> |20<br /> |-<br /> |ᠵᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ <br /> |5<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠲᠷᠡᠰᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |58<br /> |-<br /> |ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ <br /> |26<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ (ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ) <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |Herpes zoster (ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠯᠳᠡ᠂ ᠮᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ) <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ (ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠷᠢᠨᠢᠲ) <br /> |53<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ/ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠺᠰᠰᠤᠳᠠᠲᠤ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠳᠡᠨᠣᠫᠠᠲ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ <br /> |3<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ (N=38) <br /> |13<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ &gt; 37.5<br /> |0<br /> |}<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ 17-50 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ 40 ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠨᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠧᠺᠭᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> '''ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ''' <br /> <br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠶᠢᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 2 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠥᠷᠥᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠣᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠺᠰᠲᠷᠠᠺᠲ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠢᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡ 12 ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠡᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ 3 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬ''ᠦ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ (ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ) ᠍ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ (ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ᠂ Candida albicans᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠺᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ) ᠍ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ (ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠷᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠳᠣᠲ᠋ᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠭᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ) ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ (ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠺᠢᠲᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠮ᠎ᠠ) ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ <br /> |-<br /> |ᠯᠢᠫᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠫᠢᠺ (ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ) <br /> |ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠶᠣᠨᠢᠨ (ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠢᠨᠦᠽᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠯ)<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ <br /> |ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ<br /> <br /> ''Cheledonium majus''<br /> <br /> ''Chionanthus virginicus''<br /> <br /> ''Curcuma longa''<br /> <br /> ''Cynara scolymus''<br /> <br /> ''Hydrastis Canadensis''<br /> <br /> ''Taraxacum officinalis''<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠨ<br /> |-<br /> |ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ''Scutellaria baicalensis''<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ''Cynara scolymus''<br /> <br /> ''Glycyrrhiza glabra''<br /> <br /> ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠧᠻᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠻᠲ ᠣᠳ<br /> |-<br /> |ᠺᠦᠫᠹᠹᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ<br /> |''Echinacea angustifolia''<br /> <br /> ''Baptisia tinctoria''<br /> |}<br /> ''ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ'' <br /> <br /> ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠺᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠠᠺᠷᠣᠹᠠᠭ (ᠺᠦᠫᠹᠹᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡ) ᠍ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ'' <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠢᠲᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠨᠭᠢᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠᠵᠢ (ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ) ᠬᠢᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠠᠫᠢ (ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ) ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠷᠪᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠺᠠᠯᠣᠢᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ barberry (Berberis vulgaris)᠂ ᠣᠷᠡᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮ (Berberis aquafolium)᠂ goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ'' <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ (ᠡᠰᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ 8-10 ᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ (ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ) ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ (ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30 ᠮᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠠᠢᠷᠣᠪᠢᠺ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ 15-30 ᠮᠢᠨᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠭᠦᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ (ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠵᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ 6-8 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ.ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ (ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠲᠤ᠂ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠹᠡᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠺᠷᠣᠹᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠦᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠺᠢᠯᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠰ) ᠨᠢ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ= <br /> &lt;nowiki&gt;http://natmedmn.blogspot.com&lt;/nowiki&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> Chronic fatigue syndrome</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6&diff=211 2019-06-04T13:11:35Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: image</p> <hr /> <div>{{ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ}}<br /> '''ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ'''<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Aysha Lee.jpg|thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ &lt;br&gt;ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ &lt;br&gt; &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode:horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;Myalgic &lt;br&gt;Encephalomyelitis &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ &lt;br&gt; ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ=<br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ (ᠬᠥᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ) <br /> <br /> •           ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠪᠭᠦᠶᠢᠷᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠲᠷᠡᠰᠰᠲ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠨᠣᠢᠷᠭᠦᠦᠶᠢᠡᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> =ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ=<br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ (ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂) ᠨᠢ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠼᠡᠹᠠᠯᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠼᠡᠹᠠᠯᠢᠲ (ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ) ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ (ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ) ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶᠢᠴᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠡᠫᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢᠨ-ᠪᠠᠷᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ=<br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ Herpes simplex I ᠪᠤᠶᠤ II ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠂ Varicella Zoster ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ᠂ ᠫᠰ᠋ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠪᠡᠶᠡᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠤᠳ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠡᠫᠯᠢᠺᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠ‍᠂ᠣ᠊᠂ᠬᠣ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠥᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠽᠵ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 50% ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> 1940-1950 ᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠡᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ 1980 ᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠪᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ᠄ <br /> <br /> •           ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠡᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ'' <br /> <br /> ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠤᠳᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ᠂ 20-30 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ'' <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠦᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠺᠢᠯᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠺᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠨᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠥᠷᠲᠥᠯᠲᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠣᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ (ᠠᠩᠲ᠋ᠢᠪᠢᠣᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ᠂ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠ‍᠂ᠣ᠊᠂ᠬᠣ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ) ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠹᠡᠷᠠᠼᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 3.1 ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ %<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠪᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ (ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ) <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |28<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |13<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ <br /> |23<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ <br /> |63<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠷᠠᠨᠭᠢᠲᠤ (ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ) <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |80<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ (N=31) <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |39<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |23<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ <br /> |39<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |83<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |33<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ <br /> |12<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |45<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |78<br /> |-<br /> |ᠨᠣᠢᠷᠭᠦᠦᠶᠢᠡᠯ <br /> |73<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |65<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠯ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ (N=39) <br /> |44<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |40<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |35<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠬᠦ <br /> |33<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠦᠶᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠬᠤ (N=30) <br /> |20<br /> |-<br /> |ᠵᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ <br /> |5<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠲᠷᠡᠰᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |58<br /> |-<br /> |ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ <br /> |26<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ (ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ) <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |Herpes zoster (ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠯᠳᠡ᠂ ᠮᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ) <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ (ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠷᠢᠨᠢᠲ) <br /> |53<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ/ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠺᠰᠰᠤᠳᠠᠲᠤ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠳᠡᠨᠣᠫᠠᠲ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ <br /> |3<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ (N=38) <br /> |13<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ &gt; 37.5<br /> |0<br /> |}<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ 17-50 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ 40 ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠨᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠧᠺᠭᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> '''ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ''' <br /> <br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠶᠢᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 2 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠥᠷᠥᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠣᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠺᠰᠲᠷᠠᠺᠲ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠢᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡ 12 ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠡᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ 3 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬ''ᠦ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ (ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ) ᠍ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ (ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ᠂ Candida albicans᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠺᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ) ᠍ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ (ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠷᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠳᠣᠲ᠋ᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠭᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ) ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ (ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠺᠢᠲᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠮ᠎ᠠ) ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ <br /> |-<br /> |ᠯᠢᠫᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠫᠢᠺ (ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ) <br /> |ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠶᠣᠨᠢᠨ (ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠢᠨᠦᠽᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠯ)<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ <br /> |ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ<br /> <br /> ''Cheledonium majus''<br /> <br /> ''Chionanthus virginicus''<br /> <br /> ''Curcuma longa''<br /> <br /> ''Cynara scolymus''<br /> <br /> ''Hydrastis Canadensis''<br /> <br /> ''Taraxacum officinalis''<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠨ<br /> |-<br /> |ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ''Scutellaria baicalensis''<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ''Cynara scolymus''<br /> <br /> ''Glycyrrhiza glabra''<br /> <br /> ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠧᠻᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠻᠲ ᠣᠳ<br /> |-<br /> |ᠺᠦᠫᠹᠹᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ<br /> |''Echinacea angustifolia''<br /> <br /> ''Baptisia tinctoria''<br /> |}<br /> ''ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ'' <br /> <br /> ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠺᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠠᠺᠷᠣᠹᠠᠭ (ᠺᠦᠫᠹᠹᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡ) ᠍ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ'' <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠢᠲᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠨᠭᠢᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠᠵᠢ (ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ) ᠬᠢᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠠᠫᠢ (ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ) ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠷᠪᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠺᠠᠯᠣᠢᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ barberry (Berberis vulgaris)᠂ ᠣᠷᠡᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮ (Berberis aquafolium)᠂ goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ'' <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ (ᠡᠰᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ 8-10 ᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ (ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ) ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ (ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30 ᠮᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠠᠢᠷᠣᠪᠢᠺ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ 15-30 ᠮᠢᠨᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠭᠦᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ (ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠵᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ 6-8 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ.ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ (ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠲᠤ᠂ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠹᠡᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠺᠷᠣᠹᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠦᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠺᠢᠯᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠰ) ᠨᠢ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> '''ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ:''' &lt;nowiki&gt;http://natmedmn.blogspot.com&lt;/nowiki&gt;<br /> Chronic fatigue syndrome</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6&diff=210 2019-06-04T12:47:08Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>{{ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ}}<br /> '''ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ'''<br /> =ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ=<br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ (ᠬᠥᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ) <br /> <br /> •           ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠪᠭᠦᠶᠢᠷᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠲᠷᠡᠰᠰᠲ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ <br /> <br /> •           ᠨᠣᠢᠷᠭᠦᠦᠶᠢᠡᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> =ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ=<br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ (ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂) ᠨᠢ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠼᠡᠹᠠᠯᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠼᠡᠹᠠᠯᠢᠲ (ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ) ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ (ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ) ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶᠢᠴᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠣᠴᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠡᠫᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢᠨ-ᠪᠠᠷᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ=<br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ Herpes simplex I ᠪᠤᠶᠤ II ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠂ Varicella Zoster ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ᠂ ᠫᠰ᠋ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠪᠡᠶᠡᠰ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠤᠳ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠡᠫᠯᠢᠺᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠ‍᠂ᠣ᠊᠂ᠬᠣ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠥᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠽᠵ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 50% ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> 1940-1950 ᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠡᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ 1980 ᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠪᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ᠄ <br /> <br /> •           ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> •           ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠡᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ'' <br /> <br /> ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠤᠳᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ᠂ 20-30 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ'' <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠦᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠺᠢᠯᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠺᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠨᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠥᠷᠲᠥᠯᠲᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠣᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ (ᠠᠩᠲ᠋ᠢᠪᠢᠣᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠡᠭᠠᠯᠣᠣᠢᠷᠦᠢᠰ᠂ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠ‍᠂ᠣ᠊᠂ᠬᠣ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ) ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠢᠹᠡᠷᠠᠼᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠺᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 3.1 ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ %<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠪᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ (ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ) <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |28<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |13<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ <br /> |23<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ <br /> |63<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠷᠠᠨᠭᠢᠲᠤ (ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ) <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |80<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ (N=31) <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |39<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |23<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ <br /> |39<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |83<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |33<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ <br /> |12<br /> |-<br /> |ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |45<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |78<br /> |-<br /> |ᠨᠣᠢᠷᠭᠦᠦᠶᠢᠡᠯ <br /> |73<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |65<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠯ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ (N=39) <br /> |44<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |40<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ <br /> |35<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠬᠦ <br /> |33<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠦᠶᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |30<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠬᠤ (N=30) <br /> |20<br /> |-<br /> |ᠵᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ <br /> |5<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |55<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |25<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠲᠷᠡᠰᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |60<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠳᠠᠭ <br /> |58<br /> |-<br /> |ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ <br /> |26<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ (ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ) <br /> |38<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠫᠡᠰ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |Herpes zoster (ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠯᠳᠡ᠂ ᠮᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ) <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ (ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠷᠢᠨᠢᠲ) <br /> |53<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ/ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠺᠰᠰᠤᠳᠠᠲᠤ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠳᠡᠨᠣᠫᠠᠲ <br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ <br /> |15<br /> |-<br /> |ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ <br /> |3<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ (N=38) <br /> |13<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> |0<br /> |-<br /> |ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ &gt; 37.5<br /> |0<br /> |}<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ 17-50 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠮᠣᠨᠣᠨᠤᠺᠯᠶᠣᠽ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ 40 ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠨᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠧᠺᠭᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> '''ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ''' <br /> <br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠶᠢᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 2 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠥᠷᠥᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠ᠊᠂ᠶᠠ᠊᠂ᠬᠠ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠣᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠺᠰᠲᠷᠠᠺᠲ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠢᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡ 12 ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠡᠮᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ'' <br /> <br /> ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠨᠵᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠬᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ 3 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬ''ᠦ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ (ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ) ᠍ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ (ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠤ᠂ Candida albicans᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠺᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ) ᠍ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ (ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠷᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠳᠣᠲ᠋ᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠭᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ) ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ (ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠺᠢᠲᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠮ᠎ᠠ) ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ <br /> |ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ <br /> |-<br /> |ᠯᠢᠫᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠫᠢᠺ (ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ) <br /> |ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠶᠣᠨᠢᠨ (ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠨ᠂ ᠢᠨᠦᠽᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠯ)<br /> |-<br /> |ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ <br /> |ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ<br /> <br /> ''Cheledonium majus''<br /> <br /> ''Chionanthus virginicus''<br /> <br /> ''Curcuma longa''<br /> <br /> ''Cynara scolymus''<br /> <br /> ''Hydrastis Canadensis''<br /> <br /> ''Taraxacum officinalis''<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠬᠢᠨ<br /> |-<br /> |ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ''Scutellaria baicalensis''<br /> |-<br /> |ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ <br /> |''Silybum marianum''<br /> <br /> ''Cynara scolymus''<br /> <br /> ''Glycyrrhiza glabra''<br /> <br /> ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠧᠻᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠻᠲ ᠣᠳ<br /> |-<br /> |ᠺᠦᠫᠹᠹᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ<br /> |''Echinacea angustifolia''<br /> <br /> ''Baptisia tinctoria''<br /> |}<br /> ''ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ'' <br /> <br /> ᠰᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠭᠦᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠺᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠠᠺᠷᠣᠹᠠᠭ (ᠺᠦᠫᠹᠹᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡ) ᠍ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ'' <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠢᠲᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠨᠭᠢᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ <br /> <br /> •           ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠᠵᠢ (ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ) ᠬᠢᠬᠦ <br /> <br /> •           ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠠᠫᠢ (ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ) ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠷᠪᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠺᠠᠯᠣᠢᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ barberry (Berberis vulgaris)᠂ ᠣᠷᠡᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮ (Berberis aquafolium)᠂ goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ''ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ'' <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ (ᠡᠰᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ 8-10 ᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ (ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ) ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ (ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠨ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30 ᠮᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠠᠢᠷᠣᠪᠢᠺ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ 15-30 ᠮᠢᠨᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠭᠦᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ (ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ)᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠵᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ 6-8 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ.ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ (ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠤ ᠯᠢᠮᠹᠣᠼᠲᠤ᠂ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠡᠷᠹᠡᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠺᠷᠣᠹᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠦᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠺᠢᠯᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠰ) ᠨᠢ ᠸᠢᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠮᠥᠭᠥᠨᠴᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠧ᠊᠂ᠪᠠ᠊᠂ᠸᠢ᠊᠂ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> '''ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ:''' &lt;nowiki&gt;http://natmedmn.blogspot.com&lt;/nowiki&gt;<br /> Chronic fatigue syndrome</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Garchig&diff=209 2019-06-04T12:43:25Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created template</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__&lt;big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B0%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A1&diff=208 2019-06-04T09:11:55Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Mongolian}}ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ {{Horizontal}}10000 {{Mongolian}}ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Horizontal&diff=207 2019-06-04T09:10:00Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: edit</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;; &quot;&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Horizontal&diff=206 2019-06-04T09:07:53Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created template</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B0%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A1&diff=205 2019-06-04T09:04:48Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Хуудас үүсгэв: &quot;{{Mongolian}}ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>{{Mongolian}}ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80:Mongolian&diff=204 2019-06-04T09:03:38Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created template</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=203 2019-05-29T08:25:09Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: </p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ<br /> ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅&lt;ref&gt;ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> Abtai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Abatai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Абтай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Автай&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠶ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Та энэ нийтлэлд мэдээлэл нэмж оруулах бүрэн эрхтэй.&lt;br&gt; <br /> Та бидний хамтын бүтээл болох юм.<br /> &lt;/span&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=202 2019-05-29T08:23:06Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: edit</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ<br /> ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅&lt;ref&gt;ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> Abtai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Abatai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Абтай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Автай&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠶ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Та энэ нийтлэлд мэдээлэл нэмж оруулах бүрэн эрхтэй.&lt;br&gt; <br /> Та бидний хамтын бүтээл болох юм.<br /> &lt;/span&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=201 2019-05-27T15:49:17Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: edit</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ<br /> ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅&lt;ref&gt;ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> Abtai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Abatai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Абтай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Автай&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠶ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=200 2019-05-27T05:45:28Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Expanded list</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠣᠯᠢ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/center&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;Нийтлэлүүд&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ|Абтай хан]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|Авлига]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ|Алькубьерын аялал]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|Баттулга, Боржигин Халтмаа]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ|Богд Хан Уул]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ|Болор]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ|Бронтозавр]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ|Геологийн цаг тоолол]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ)|Геологийн цаг тоолол (босоо хүснэгт)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠢᠭ|Дэг]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ|Дэлхийн Ван]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎|Ертөнцийг үзэх үзэл]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎|Жижиг дунд үйлдвэр]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ|Заамар сум]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ|Квант механик]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ|Кварк]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ|Мазаалай]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ|Монголын газрын гадаргын геологийн түүх]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ|Нүүрс хийжүүлэх технологи]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ|Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ|Увс нуур]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ|Улаанбаатар]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ|Усны хан гүрвэл]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ|Халиун буга]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ|Хан Бумбат нисэх буудал]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ|Хулиган]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ|Хутагтын дөрвөн үнэн]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ|Хутагтын найман мөр]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋|Юникод]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋|Янгир]]&lt;br&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=199 2019-05-27T05:41:45Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ<br /> ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> Abtai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Abatai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Абтай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Автай&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠶ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*** &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Та энэ нийтлэлд мэдээлэл нэмж оруулах бүрэн эрхтэй.&lt;br&gt; <br /> Та бидний хамтын бүтээл болох юм.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Мэдээлэл нэмэхийн тулд 3 одыг дараад бичээрэй.</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=198 2019-05-27T05:36:55Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: </p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ<br /> ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> Abtai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Abatai&lt;br&gt;<br /> Абтай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Автай&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;Comments/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=197 2019-05-27T05:16:03Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: Created article</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0&diff=196 2019-05-27T01:42:12Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: layout formatting</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:10 - hands shaking with euro bank notes inside handshake - royalty free, without copyright, public domain photo image 01.JPG|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠨᠵᠢᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;Transparency&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;International&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠠᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ (ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ) ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ <br /> 《ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;4.1&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠨᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠣᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;4.1&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢ <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ; <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ; <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ; <br /> - ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋᠂ ᠲᠧᠯᠧᠸᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ; <br /> - ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠪ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠩᠬᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ; <br /> - ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ; <br /> - ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ; <br /> - ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> - ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;4.1.7&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠻᠣᠷᠫᠣᠷᠠᠼᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ <br /> - ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:20190330 Protest in Piata Universitatii (2).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠷᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠫᠷᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠦ᠋ᠷᠣᠷ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋》 ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠄ <br /> - ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(grand&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt; corruption&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;petty&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;corruption)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;᠃ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> - ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ <br /> - ᠬᠠᠬᠤᠤᠯᠢ <br /> - ᠱᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶ᠂ ᠯᠤᠶᠢᠪᠠᠷ <br /> - ᠰᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(extortion)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> - ᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(abuse&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;functions)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; <br /> - ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(favouritism,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;nepotism)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; <br /> - ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ <br /> - ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠢᠪ - ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠻᠣᠨ᠍ᠸᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠦᠯ᠋ᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠢᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠧᠷᠷᠣᠷᠢᠰᠮ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠱᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤᠳ᠄ <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠲᠠᠯ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ ᠎᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ <br /> - ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ <br /> - ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠬᠥᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠢᠢᠲᠠᠯ <br /> - ᠰᠶᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ᠂ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠮᠤᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠪᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠣᠮᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠬᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠥᠭᠴᠢᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠴᠢᠬᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡ! <br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢᠵᠦᠢ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Le remède futur à la corruption électorale.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠡᠬᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode:horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> https://www.transparency.org/what-is-corruption&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ www.legalinfo.mn &lt;br&gt;<br /> https://www.unodc.org/pdf/crime/corruption/Handbook.pdf United Nations Handbook on Practical Anti-Corruption Measures for Prosecutors and Investigators. Vienna, September &lt;span style=“writing-mode: horizontal-tb;”&gt;&lt;small&gt;2004&lt;br&gt;<br /> http://vip76.mn &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;Comments/&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ &lt;br&gt;ᠦᠭᠡᠰ &lt;/span&gt;=<br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭᠠᠯ&lt;br&gt;<br /> авлига&lt;br&gt;<br /> авлигал&lt;br&gt;<br /> авилгал&lt;br&gt;<br /> коррупция&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ‏‎]]</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0&diff=195 2019-05-27T01:38:39Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠭ</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:10 - hands shaking with euro bank notes inside handshake - royalty free, without copyright, public domain photo image 01.JPG|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠨᠵᠢᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;Transparency&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;International&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠠᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ (ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ) ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ <br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ <br /> 《ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;4.1&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠨᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠣᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;4.1&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢ <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ; <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠴᠢ; <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ; <br /> - ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋᠂ ᠲᠧᠯᠧᠸᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ; <br /> - ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠪ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠩᠬᠦᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ; <br /> - ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ; <br /> - ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ; <br /> - ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> - ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;4.1.7&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠻᠣᠷᠫᠣᠷᠠᠼᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ <br /> - ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:20190330 Protest in Piata Universitatii (2).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠷᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠫᠷᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠦ᠋ᠷᠣᠷ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋》 ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠄ <br /> - ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(grand&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt; corruption&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;petty&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;corruption)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;᠃ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> - ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ <br /> - ᠬᠠᠬᠤᠤᠯᠢ <br /> - ᠱᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶ᠂ ᠯᠤᠶᠢᠪᠠᠷ <br /> - ᠰᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(extortion)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> - ᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(abuse&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;functions)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; <br /> - ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;(favouritism,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;nepotism)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; <br /> - ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ <br /> - ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠢᠪ - ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠻᠣᠨ᠍ᠸᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠦᠯ᠋ᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠢᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠧᠷᠷᠣᠷᠢᠰᠮ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠱᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤᠳ᠄ <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠲᠠᠯ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ <br /> - ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ ᠎᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ <br /> - ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ <br /> - ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠬᠥᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠢᠢᠲᠠᠯ <br /> - ᠰᠶᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ᠂ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠮᠤᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠪᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠣᠮᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠬᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠥᠭᠴᠢᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠴᠢᠬᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡ! <br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢᠵᠦᠢ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Le remède futur à la corruption électorale.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠡᠬᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> <br /> https://www.transparency.org/what-is-corruption&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ www.legalinfo.mn &lt;br&gt;<br /> https://www.unodc.org/pdf/crime/corruption/Handbook.pdf United Nations Handbook on Practical Anti-Corruption Measures for Prosecutors and Investigators. Vienna, September &lt;span style=“writing-mode: horizontal-tb;”&gt;&lt;small&gt;2004&lt;br&gt;<br /> http://vip76.mn &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ&lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;Comments/&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ &lt;br&gt;ᠦᠭᠡᠰ &lt;/span&gt;=<br /> ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭᠠᠯ&lt;br&gt;<br /> авлига&lt;br&gt;<br /> авлигал&lt;br&gt;<br /> авилгал&lt;br&gt;<br /> коррупция&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ‏‎]]</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80&diff=194 2019-05-27T01:05:26Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: layout formatting</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;1500000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;᠃<br /> ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;1350&lt;/span&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt; ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;*** &lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> Та энэ нийтлэлд мэдээлэл нэмж оруулах бүрэн эрхтэй.&lt;br&gt; <br /> Та бидний хамтын бүтээл болох юм.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Мэдээлэл нэмэхийн тулд 3 одыг дараад бичээрэй.</div>

Niislel Niisleliinhen https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%BB%E1%A0%B8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%8B%E1%A0%B2_%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%A7%E1%A0%BB%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AD&diff=193 2019-05-26T11:38:16Z

<p>Niislel Niisleliinhen: </p> <hr /> <div>ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠴᠠ᠂ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠶ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠥᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠲᠣ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠶ ᠪᠠ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠶ ᠊ᠢ᠂ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠠᠻᠷᠣᠰᠻᠣᠫᠶ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠣ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠠᠰᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠾᠨᠣᠯᠣᠺᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠦ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠻᠷᠤ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠢᠻᠷᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠣᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃[1] ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠣᠬᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻᠴᠢᠳ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ 20 ᠊ᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠣ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭ᠍ᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠭᠦᠥᠷᠨᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠠᠰᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠢ ᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠠᠰᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠭᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠴᠠ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠫᠠᠷᠠᠳᠣᠻᠰ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠷᠢᠴᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠹᠧᠢᠢᠨᠮᠠᠨ (Richard Feynman) ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ 《ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠣ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ》[2]<br /> ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ (ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ (discrete) ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ) ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠣ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠣ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ᠂ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠥᠨ ᠊ᠣᠳ ᠴᠦ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠶ᠂ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠫᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ (ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠯᠠᠯ) ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠨ (ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋) ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠣᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠯᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃[3]<br /> =ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ᠄ ᠮᠠᠻᠰ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Hot metalwork.jpg |thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&gt;<br /> ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭ᠍ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠥ᠋ᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠭ ᠲᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠲᠠ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠦᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠣᠷᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠨ᠋ᠹᠷᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠻᠠᠮᠧᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠢᠡᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠫᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ (ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠣᠯ) ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠰᠣ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠦ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠲᠣ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠦᠢ ᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠬᠠ ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠥᠢᠢᠯᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢ 《ᠬᠠᠷ ᠠ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠡ》 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠰᠠᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ 《ᠬᠠᠷ ᠠ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ》 ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠲᠣᠷ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠮᠭᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠡ᠃ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷ ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠯᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:RWP-comparison.svg|thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠨ ᠰᠫᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠢ 1900 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠮᠠᠻᠰ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt; (Max Planck) &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃[4] ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠮᠥᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠣᠦᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋  ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠢ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠰᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ 《ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ》᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠫᠷᠥᠫᠥᠷᠼᠢᠶᠥᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ h ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠬ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ 6.63×10−34 ᠵᠣᠥ᠋ᠯ (Joule) ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠋ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ f ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠬᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ <br /> E=nhf, n = 1, 2, 3 …[5]<br /> ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ <br /> ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋᠋ᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠣᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠊ᠣ ᠻ᠋ᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻ᠋ᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠢ ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠣ》ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋᠋ᠻ ᠳ᠋ᠣ1918 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠨᠣᠪᠧᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ[6]᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠻ᠋ᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠠᠲᠢᠻ ᠣᠪ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ[7]᠃<br /> =ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ: ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Einstein.jpg |thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠯᠪᠧᠷᠲ᠋ ᠧᠶᠢᠨ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠢᠨ᠋ 1905 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠠᠮ ᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠣᠪ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠲᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠣᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠨᠥᠳᠥᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ [7] ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃<br /> E = hf<br /> ᠬᠡᠳᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣᠣ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠣ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠪᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠷᠭᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ 19 ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠷᠥᠩᠬᠢᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠭ᠍ᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠷᠧᠹᠷᠠᠻᠽᠢ (refraction)᠂ ᠳᠢᠹᠹᠷᠠᠻᠽᠢ (diffraction)᠂ ᠲᠣᠢᠢᠯᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯ (polarization) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭᠣᠳ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠵᠧᠢᠢᠮᠰ ᠻᠯᠧᠷᠻ ᠮᠠᠻᠰᠸᠧᠯᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠮᠠᠻᠰᠸᠧᠯᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠩᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊‍ᠣᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠣᠯᠢ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠥᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠣᠯᠠᠬᠠᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠨᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠣ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ᠌ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠢᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠣᠵᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠣᠬᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣ᠋ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠬᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠣᠴᠭ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠢᠹᠹᠷᠠᠻᠼᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> =ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Photoelectric_effect.png|thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ (ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠮᠣ) ᠲᠣᠰᠴᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠩ᠋ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ (ᠧᠨᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠩ᠋ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ) ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣᠳ (ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠮᠣ) ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃<br /> ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠾᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠋ᠷᠢᠬ᠌ ᠾᠧᠷᠼ 1887 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ [9] ᠹᠢᠯᠢᠫᠫ ᠯᠧᠨᠠᠷᠳ᠋ 1902 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢᠲᠣ ᠬᠠᠮᠣᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠣ ᠣᠭᠲᠣ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠣᠭᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠥᠨ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠣᠬᠣ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠣᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠋ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠳᠣᠭ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠴᠢᠯᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃[10]:24 ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ (ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ f ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ hf ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ [9] ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠍ᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ hf ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃[9] ᠲᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠯᠡ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠬᠣ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃[9]<br /> ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠢᠢᠨ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠ 《ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ᠨ᠋ᠻᠼᠢ》 (φ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃[9] ᠡᠨᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ᠨ᠋ᠻᠼᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ f0 ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ᠨ᠋ᠻᠼᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠄<br /> φ = hf0<br /> f ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡ f0 ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠᠯ hf ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠮ᠂ ᠰᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠻᠢᠨᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ EK ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠣᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠧᠨᠧᠨᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣᠢ᠄<br /> EK = hf - φ = health (f - f0 ).<br /> ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠫᠯᠠᠨ᠋ᠻ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ f ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ᠌ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ hf ᠬᠡᠨᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ᠌ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠮᠵᠢᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ 《ᠪᠠᠭᠣᠯᠲᠠ》 ᠬᠢᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠣᠭᠣ᠃[11][note 3]<br /> =ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ=<br /> <br /> ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠰᠣ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠨ᠋ᠹᠷᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠰᠣ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠰᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦᠢᠢᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠋ᠹᠷᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠰᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠣ᠂ ᠪᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠲᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠨ᠋ᠹᠷᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠠᠷᠢᠰᠣ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃<br /> ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠥᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠳᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠠᠯᠬᠣᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ (ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ) ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠬᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣᠢ᠃<br /> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠢᠢᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠰᠢᠭ᠌ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠾᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠽ (Hertz)᠂ ᠯᠧᠨᠨᠠᠷᠳ᠋ (Lennard) ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠣᠨ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠳᠣ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠳ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠵᠣᠣᠬ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ᠂ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠᠳᠣ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠮᠣᠢ᠃<br /> ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ (ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠬᠣ ᠵᠣᠣᠬᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ) ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ  ᠊ᠳᠣᠷ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ  ᠊ᠳᠣᠷ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠣᠮᠣᠶ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠮᠣᠶ᠃ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠣ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠮ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭ᠍ᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠵᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠶ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠣᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠮᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠴᠭᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠣᠲᠧᠨᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠣᠭᠲᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᡖᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠰᠠᠮ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠺᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠧᠶᠢᠨ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠢᠨ᠋ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋  ᠊ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠊ᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠰᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br /> ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠣ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠨ᠋᠊ᠸᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠠᠯᠣᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢ  ᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠣ ᠦᠷᠡᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ  ᠣ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠠᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ  ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨᠡᠡ᠃<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;<br /> • Bernstein, Jeremy (2005). &quot;Max Born and the quantum theory&quot;. 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