https://wikibilig.mn/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=WikiSysop 2026-06-14T03:40:08Z Хэрэглэгчийн оруулсан хувь нэмэр MediaWiki 1.44.0 https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%A9%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AF_%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B0&diff=3190 2023-09-10T02:53:41Z

<p>WikiSysop: 76.118.174.208 (яриа)-н хийсэн засваруудыг 122.201.22.233-ий хийсэн сүүлийн засварт буцаан шилжүүллээ.</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode:vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> ![[Файл:State emblem of Mongolia.svg|none|thumb]]<br /> ![[Файл:Flag of Mongolia.png|none|thumb]]<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠽᠢᠢ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠫᠠᠷᠯᠠᠮᠧᠨᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 18 ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 6 ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 9 ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠼᠧᠯᠰ ᠦᠨ - 1.3 ᠬᠡᠮ᠃ ꡏꡡꡃ ꡂꡡꡙ<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ=<br /> ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ 2.8% - ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ 30 – ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠦ 138 ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠢᠢᠯᠦᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠺᠸᠠᠳ᠋ᠷᠠᠲ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ 1.6 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 0.3 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ / ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 75% ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ 15% ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠸᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠤᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ==<br /> ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 85% ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠢᠢᠯᠦᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ 7% ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ (ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭ)᠂ 4.6% ᠲᠦᠩᠭᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠮᠨᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠂ 3.4% ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 6.0 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ=<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ 1564100 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠢ 2.400 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ᠂ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ 1.260 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠭᠤᠷ  ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 8.158 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ 1.580 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ 556 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯ 4.374 ᠮ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ 4 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠣᠢᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠴᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ᠂ ᠴᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ  ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠪᠰᠦ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ 3.350 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ 2 ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ 2.760 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ 2 ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 257 ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠬᠢ᠂ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠴᠥᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 1580 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ 70 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ 0.4 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠃ ᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ 1920 ᠍ - ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠧᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨᠲ᠎  ᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ =<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ IQ ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ 81 ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 17 ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ IQ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ 98 ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠦᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨᠢ᠂ ᠹᠷᠠᠨᠼᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠹᠢᠨᠯᠶᠠᠨᠳ᠋᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠂ ᠢᠰᠷᠸᠯ᠂ ᠭᠷᠧᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ=<br /> ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠩᠰᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠫᠣᠷᠲ=<br /> 2008 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠢᠮᠫᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠢᠮᠫᠢᠺ  ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠣᠯᠢᠮᠫᠢᠺ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ=<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠨ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠢᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠠᠪᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠬᠢ 209 ᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> [[Ангилал:ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠵᠦᠢ]]<br /> [[Ангилал:ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=Donate&diff=3183 2023-09-05T12:36:52Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue;&quot;&gt;'''Төрийн Банк 102400124072&lt;br&gt;<br /> '''State Bank 102400124072&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81&diff=3175 2023-09-04T04:10:15Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;᠀᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> [[File:HomePage.JPG|center]]<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> Encyclopædia Mongolica Grandis : Большая монгольская энциклопедия : &lt;br&gt;<br /> ༄།།ཆེན་པོ་ཧོར་གྱི་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་བཏུས་ཚིག་མཛོད་ཆེན་མོ་བཞུགས་སོ།། : Ұлы Моңғол үлкен энциклопедиясы.<br /> <br /> &lt;span class=&quot;my-button&quot;&gt;[[Donate|Donate]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;inputbox&gt;<br /> type=create<br /> width=100<br /> break=no<br /> buttonlabel=Шинэ нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> default=(ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋)<br /> &lt;/inputbox&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B0%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E2%80%8D%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%8B_%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%B2%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AF&amp;veaction=edit &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;'''Шинэ нийтлэл бичих'''] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naD5wFtDDEQ&amp;t=1s &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;'''Шинэ нийтлэл бичих заавар''']<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> {{Mongolian}}&lt;big&gt;ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Mongolian}}<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Авшиг|ᠠᠪᠢᠱᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋|ᠠᠪᠯᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠯᠻᠦ᠋ᠪᠢᠶᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠡᠨ᠍ᠽᠢᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Энгийн герпес|ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠾᠧᠷᠫᠧᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠼ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠡᠰ ( ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠢᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Идэж болдог ус|ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠰᠣ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠊ᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Улаан аварга|ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠦᠯᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ|ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠮᠦᠯᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠢᠩ 0 ᠭᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Өлөн гэдэс|ᠥᠯᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Үелэх систем|ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠧᠦ᠋ᠻ᠊ᠯᠢᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ|ᠧᠦ᠋ᠻ᠊ᠯᠢᠳ᠋ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠢᠩᠵᠢᠪᠠᠳᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠮᠢᠲᠤᠪ ᠊ᠤᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠡᠯᠭᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Ньютоны хөдөлгөөний хуулиуд|ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Баартагчин|ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠲᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Байгалийн Түүхийн Музей|ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠠ|ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠳᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠠᠷᠰᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ᠂ ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠤᠷᠠᠲᠠᠶᠧᠸᠠ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠢᠶᠧᠹᠨᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠥᠬᠡᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠭᠧᠪᠷᠠ|ᠪᠦᠦᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠭᠧᠪᠷᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠯᠠᠻᠫᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠯᠣᠻᠴᠧᠢᠢᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Khanhiin gazar hudlult|ᠬᠠᠩᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Халиун буга|ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хадны суусар|ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠤᠤᠰᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хар нүх|ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Харьцангуйн онол|ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усан цахилгаан станц|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠴᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хархорины усжуулах байгууламж|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠰᠣᠵᠢᠭᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Харанхуй матери|ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠮᠠᠲ᠌ᠧᠷᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠻᠣᠨᠸᠧᠨᠼ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэлмэгдэгсдийн хөшөө|ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠲᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ‍ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠋(1915)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хоёртын тооллын систем|ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын дөрвөн үнэн|ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хутагтын найман мөр|ᠬᠤᠲᠦᠬᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Гангар хун|ᠭᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠠᠲᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠨᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Галактик|ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠢ (ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠸᠽ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠷᠢᠨᠠᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ|ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Геологийн цаг тоолол|ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мануул|ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мазаалай|ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠶ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠠᠷᠰ-V]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мартан|ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Мэдэмсэр|ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠮᠰᠡᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын газрын гадаргын геологийн түүх|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Монголын түүхийн цаг тоолол|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠰᠠᠲ-1 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠯᠣᠪᠠᠴᠧᠹᠰᠻᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Сэтгэл төдийтний тогтсон таалал|ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍‍‍‍‍ᠥ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Шилүүс|ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠩᠪᠣ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠧᠯᠸᠧᠷᠣᠹ᠂ ᠠᠷᠨᠣᠯᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠳᠮᠠᠶᠧᠸᠢᠴ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠮᠠᠭᠢᠨ᠂ ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠨᠢᠻᠣᠯᠠᠶᠧᠸᠢᠴ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Тарваган|ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар|ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠲᠦᠪᠳᠡᠨᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠳ᠂]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Термодинамикийн хуулиуд|ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠣᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠦᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠠᠮᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠣᠸᠠ᠂ ᠰᠸᠧᠲ᠋ᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠣᠸᠨᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэлхийн Ван|ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дэг|ᠳᠢᠭ᠌]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠴᠣᠢᠢᠮᠪᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠤᠯᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠯᠲᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Дурдал|ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ (ᠨᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ)]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цахилгаан соронзон долгионы хуваарь|ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цагаан одой|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠪᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цагаан нүх|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цагаан кола|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠯᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цоохондой|ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠨᠳᠠᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цоохор ирвэс|ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠥᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Чавхдасын онол|ᠴᠢᠪᠬᠠᠳᠠᠰᠦ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠢᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠴᠦᠻᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Заг хүйтэн|ᠵᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠩᠭᠢᠷ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠠᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Их Хорум зочид буудал|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠮ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ‎‎]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Ёл|ᠶᠣᠯᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠮᠪᠤᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠶᠦᠨᠢᠻᠣᠳ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠫᠠᠷᠠᠪᠣᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Пульсар|ᠫᠦᠯᠰᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠫᠯᠧᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠫᠾᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠥᠯᠲᠡᠲᠥ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠡᠨ᠂ ᠶᠦᠩᠰᠢᠶᠡᠪᠤ ᠪᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ|ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠶᠦᠩᠰᠢᠶᠡᠪᠤ ᠪᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠷᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Робот|ᠷᠣᠪᠣᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠷᠣᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Калашниковын автомат|ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠺᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠺᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ ᠠ|ᠻᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠻᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠯᠠᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Квазар|ᠻᠸᠠᠽᠠᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠼᠢᠷᠷᠥᠽ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠢᠫᠧᠷᠪᠣᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠾᠦᠯᠢᠭᠠᠨ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Bluetooth]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[C амин дэм|C ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Chimee]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[D ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[OSI загвар|OSI ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[3x3 ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[7 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;<br /> [http://wikibilig.mn/Editor.html &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;'''Монгол бичгийн гар'''] [http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;'''Монгол бичгийн эдитор (үг санал болгогч)'''] [http://wikibilig.mn/MongolCode &lt;span style=&quot;color:Blue&quot;&gt;'''Юникодоос хэвлэлийн код руу хөрвүүлэгч''']<br /> &lt;/div&gt;</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=Donate&diff=3174 2023-09-04T03:57:30Z

<p>WikiSysop: </p> <hr /> <div>Төрийн Банк 102400124072&lt;br&gt;<br /> State Bank 102400124072</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=Donate&diff=3173 2023-09-04T03:56:53Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Article</p> <hr /> <div>Төрийн Банк 102400124072<br /> State Bank 102400124072</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8:Deletereason-dropdown&diff=3140 2023-04-13T15:44:08Z

<p>WikiSysop: Expanded the list</p> <hr /> <div>*Устгах нийтлэг шалтгаанууд<br /> ** Бичлэг үйлдэгчийн хүсэлтээр<br /> ** Зохиогчийн эрхэд халдсан<br /> ** Вандализм<br /> **Ийм нэртэй нийтлэл байгаа</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B6%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A1_%E1%A0%A5%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AF&diff=2962 2022-02-10T10:19:50Z

<p>WikiSysop: Spelling</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;max-height: 80vh; writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> '''ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ''' ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠬᠥ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃&lt;ref&gt;What is Big Data? at Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/01/30 https://www.oracle.com/big-data/what-is-big-data/&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠥᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Big data analytics. IBM. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/01/30<br /> <br /> https://www.ibm.com/analytics/big-data-analytics&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> __TOC__<br /> == ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ &quot;V&quot; ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Big_Data.png|align: top|thumb|center]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 100px;&quot;|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ &quot;V&quot; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> '''ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ''' (Volume) ᠄ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ''' (Value)᠄ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠍ᠧᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ &quot;V&quot; ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠍ᠧᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠲᠦ''' (Variety)᠄ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ''' (Velocity)᠄ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ''' (Veracity)᠄ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ &quot;ᠦᠨᠡᠨ&quot; ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠄<br /> <br /> '''ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ''' (Variability)᠄ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠯᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠮᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠃&lt;ref&gt;What are the 5 V's of Big Data? ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/02/04 Teradata. https://www.teradata.com/Glossary/What-are-the-V-s&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> == ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ (architecture) ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Big Data Architecture Mongolian.jpg|align: top|thumb|center]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 100px;&quot;|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠌ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠠᠻᠲᠢᠹ&lt;sup&gt;interactive&lt;/sup&gt; ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠠᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠃ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠄<br /> <br /> '''ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ''' (Data sources)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠄<br /> <br /> ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠸᠧᠪ&lt;sup&gt;web&lt;/sup&gt; ᠰᠧᠷᠸᠧᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ&lt;sup&gt;static&lt;/sup&gt; ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ|ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ]] ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ''' (Data storage)᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠣᠷᠮᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ&lt;sup&gt;format&lt;/sup&gt; ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠹᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ Azure Data Lake Store᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ Azure Storage ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ''' (Batch processing)᠄ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠹᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ Azure Data Lake Analytics ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ U-SQL jobs᠂ HDInsight Hadoop Cluster ᠲᠤ Hive᠂ Pig᠂ Map/Reduce jobs ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ HDInsight Spark Cluster ᠲᠤ Java᠂ Scala᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ Python ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ''' (Real-time message ingestion)᠄ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦ᠋ᠹᠧᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ&lt;sup&gt;buffer&lt;/sup&gt; ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ (queue) ᠰᠧᠮᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ Azure Event Hubs᠂ Azure IoT Hubs᠂ Kafka – ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ''' (Stream processing)᠄ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ Azure Stream Analytics ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ SQL ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ HDInsight Cluster ᠲᠤ Storm᠂ Spark Streaming ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ Apache streaming ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ''' (Analytical data store)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠍ᠧᠰ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ (business intelligence - BI) ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ (relational data) ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ HBase ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠴᠣᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ NoSQL ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠ&lt;sup&gt;meta&lt;/sup&gt; ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡᠭ Interactive Hive ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ Azure Synapse Analytics ᠨᠢ [[ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ|ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ]] ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ HDInsight ᠨᠢ Interactive Hive᠂ HBase᠂ Spark SQL ᠍ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠨ''' (Analysis and reporting)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ Azure Analysis Services ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠳᠦ OLAP ᠱᠣᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ Microsoft Power BI᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ Microsoft Excel ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ BI ᠍ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ Azure ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ Jupyter ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ Python᠂ R ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ Microsoft R Server ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> '''ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ''' (Orchestration)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ&lt;sup&gt;automise&lt;/sup&gt; ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ Azure Data Factory᠂ Apache Oozie᠂ Sqoop ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Big data architecture style. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/02/08. Microsoft https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/guide/architecture-styles/big-data&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ==<br /> ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ – to query - делать запрос&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋ - query - запрос&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ - stream - поток&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ – queue - очередь&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠠᠢ – interactive - интерактивность&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ - visualization - визуализация&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ==<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;References/&gt;<br /> [[Ангилал:ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B6%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A1_%E1%A0%A5%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AF&diff=2961 2022-02-10T09:24:15Z

<p>WikiSysop: Spelling</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;max-height: 80vh; writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> '''ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ''' ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠬᠥ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃&lt;ref&gt;What is Big Data? at Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/01/30 https://www.oracle.com/big-data/what-is-big-data/&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠥᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Big data analytics. IBM. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/01/30<br /> <br /> https://www.ibm.com/analytics/big-data-analytics&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> __TOC__<br /> == ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ &quot;V&quot; ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Big_Data.png|align: top|thumb|center]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 100px;&quot;|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ &quot;V&quot; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> '''ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ''' (Volume) ᠄ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ''' (Value)᠄ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠍ᠧᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ &quot;V&quot; ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠍ᠧᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠲᠦ''' (Variety)᠄ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ''' (Velocity)᠄ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ''' (Veracity)᠄ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ &quot;ᠦᠨᠡᠨ&quot; ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠄<br /> <br /> '''ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ''' (Variability)᠄ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠯᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠮᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠃&lt;ref&gt;What are the 5 V's of Big Data? ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/02/04 Teradata. https://www.teradata.com/Glossary/What-are-the-V-s&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> == ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ (architecture) ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Big Data Architecture Mongolian.jpg|align: top|thumb|center]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 100px;&quot;|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠌ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠠᠻᠲᠢᠹ&lt;sup&gt;interactive&lt;/sup&gt; ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> * ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠠᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠃ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠄<br /> <br /> '''ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ''' (Data sources)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠄<br /> <br /> ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠸᠧᠪ&lt;sup&gt;web&lt;/sup&gt; ᠰᠧᠷᠸᠧᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ&lt;sup&gt;static&lt;/sup&gt; ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ|ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ]] ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ''' (Data storage)᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠣᠷᠮᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ&lt;sup&gt;format&lt;/sup&gt; ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠹᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ Azure Data Lake Store᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ Azure Storage ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ''' (Batch processing)᠄ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠹᠠᠢᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ Azure Data Lake Analytics ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ U-SQL jobs᠂ HDInsight Hadoop Cluster ᠲᠤ Hive᠂ Pig᠂ Map/Reduce jobs ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ HDInsight Spark Cluster ᠲᠤ Java᠂ Scala᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ Python ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ''' (Real-time message ingestion)᠄ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦ᠋ᠹᠧᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ&lt;sup&gt;buffer&lt;/sup&gt; ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ (queue) ᠰᠧᠮᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ Azure Event Hubs᠂ Azure IoT Hubs᠂ Kafka – ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ''' (Stream processing)᠄ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ Azure Stream Analytics ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ SQL ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ HDInsight Cluster ᠲᠤ Storm᠂ Spark Streaming ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ Apache streaming ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ''' (Analytical data store)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠍ᠧᠰ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ (business intelligence - BI) ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ (relational data) ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ HBase ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠴᠣᠷᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ NoSQL ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠹᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠ&lt;sup&gt;meta&lt;/sup&gt; ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡᠭ Interactive Hive ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ Azure Synapse Analytics ᠨᠢ [[ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ|ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ]] ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ HDInsight ᠨᠢ Interactive Hive᠂ HBase᠂ Spark SQL ᠍ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> '''ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠨ''' (Analysis and reporting)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ Azure Analysis Services ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦ ᠳᠦ OLAP ᠱᠣᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ Microsoft Power BI᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ Microsoft Excel ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ BI ᠍ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ Azure ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ Jupyter ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ Python᠂ R ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ Microsoft R Server ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> '''ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ''' (Orchestration)᠄ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ&lt;sup&gt;automise&lt;/sup&gt; ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ Azure Data Factory᠂ Apache Oozie᠂ Sqoop ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Big data architecture style. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/02/08. Microsoft https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/architecture/guide/architecture-styles/big-data&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ==<br /> ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ – to query - делать запрос&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋ - query - запрос&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ - stream - поток&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ – queue - очередь&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠠᠢ – interactive - интерактивность&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ - visualization - визуализация&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ==<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;References/&gt;<br /> [[Ангилал:ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:122.201.22.233&diff=2948 2022-02-09T16:14:06Z

<p>WikiSysop: Welcome message</p> <hr /> <div>{{Garchig}}<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийг дэмжиж, хувь нэмэр оруулж байгаад тань баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Таны хийж байгаа засварууд Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийг хөгжүүлэхэд нэн чухал ач холбогдолтой. <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах,<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх боломжтой.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 3. Манай вебсайтад бүртгүүлсэн тохиолдолд Та зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой болно<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Mongolian}}, {{Garchig}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн загварын аль нэгийг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 00:14, 10 Хоёрдугаар сар 2022 (+08)<br /> {{Z}}</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AD_%E1%A0%B2%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%8B&diff=2717 2021-08-03T10:25:39Z

<p>WikiSysop: Spelling</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;max-height: 80vh; writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠡᠭ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(0)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ [[ᠺᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠺᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ]] ‍ᠢᠢ '''ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋''' ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠮᠦᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠺᠸᠠᠲᠷᠠᠲ&lt;sup&gt;quadrate&lt;/sup&gt; ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://www.livescience.com/42748-imaginary-numbers.html Live Science. Elaine J. Hom. What Are Imaginary Numbers? 2014/01/22. &lt;/ref&gt; <br /> <br /> ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠸᠠᠲᠷᠠᠲ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠲᠡᠭ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;(0)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> __TOC__<br /> <br /> <br /> == ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Rotations_on_the_complex_plane.svg|thumb]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 150px;&quot;|ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ᠃<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠺᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠺᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠬ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠭᠧᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ‍&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;–1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ‍‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠴᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;180&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠡᠮ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ ‍<br /> <br /> i ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ “ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ” ᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;90&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠡᠮ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;i2 = -1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠴᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;90&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠡᠮ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;180&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠡᠮ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> <br /> “ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ” (ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠥᠪ) ᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;90&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠡᠮ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;x2 = -1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠶ᠋ᠢᠳ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;−i&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠻᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠴᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠻᠰ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠤᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ&lt;sup&gt;argument&lt;/sup&gt; ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠴᠢᠴᠠᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠻᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠻᠰ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠤᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠴᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠻᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠻᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ z ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;φ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Complex_number_illustration_modarg.svg|thumb]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 150px;&quot;|ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠻᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠻᠰ&lt;sup&gt;complex&lt;/sup&gt; ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠤᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ&lt;sup&gt;argument&lt;/sup&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;φ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;᠃<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ==ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ==<br /> <br /> [[ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ]] ‍ᠢᠢ ''i'' ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠧᠯᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠦ&lt;sup&gt;electronic&lt;/sup&gt; ''j'' ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ''i'' ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠧᠯᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠦ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠦᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠩᠴᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠦᠯ ᠰᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠰ&lt;sup&gt;sinus&lt;/sup&gt; ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.electricaltechnology.org/2013/07/active-reactive-apparent-and-complex.html Electrical Technology. Active, Reactive, Apparent and Complex Power. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/07/31&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> |[[File:Cmplxpower.svg|thumb]]<br /> |style = &quot;height: 150px;&quot;|ᠬᠦᠪᠰᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠢᠨᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠃<br /> |}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠠᠪ ᠴᠠᠪ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠣᠰᠤᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ᠌ᠨᠠᠯ&lt;sup&gt;signal&lt;/sup&gt; ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠧᠺᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ&lt;sup&gt;technology&lt;/sup&gt; ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠷᠠᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ (ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ) ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃<br /> <br /> ᠶᠡᠷᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠺᠣᠰᠢᠨᠦ᠋ᠰ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ==<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;References/&gt;</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=Wikibilig:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0&diff=2716 2021-08-01T02:23:44Z

<p>WikiSysop: Edit</p> <hr /> <div>[[File:Logo_05.png|thumb|left|Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн бэлгэ тэмдэг]]<br /> Сонгодог монгол бичгээр гардаг шинжлэх ухаан танин мэдэхүйн сайн дурын чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толь wikibilig.MN нь сайн дурын оролцогчдын хамтын хөдөлмөрөөр бүтэж, хөгждөг. Хүссэн хэн бүхэн нийтлэл бичиж, бусад нийтлэлийг дэлгэрүүлэн баяжуулж, тэдгээрт илэрсэн алдааг засварлаж болно.<br /> Энэхүү веб талбарын үндсэн зорилгын нэг нь Монголд болон хилийн чанадад Монгол бичгийг сонирхож, эрчимтэй суралцаж байгаа өнөө үед Монгол Бичиг дээр баялаг контент хөгжүүлэхэд оршино. ЕБС-ийн 6-р ангид Монгол Бичиг заадаг тул үндэсний бичиг үсэгтээ тайлагдсан өсвөр үеийнхэнд эх бичгээрээ унших, уламжлалт бичгээрээ дамжуулан мэдлэгээ арвижуулах материал шаардлагатай. Ийм нөхцлийг бүрдүүлснээр өргөн олон нийтээрээ Монгол Бичигтээ суралцах, хэрэглэх дэм болж, Монгол Бичигт орчин цагийн мэдээлэл түгээх хэрэгсэл гэж хандах болно.<br /> Эдүгээ Wikibilig нэвтэрхий толь 150 орчим нийтлэлтэй болсон. Нийтлэлүүд нь одон орон сансар судлал, анагаах ухаан, хими, физик, биологи, технологи, геологи, газар зүй, эрх зүй, шашин, түүх, уран барилга, дүрслэх урлаг, хөгжим гэх зэрэг ангилалд багтаж байна. Шинэ сэдвүүд одоо байгаа ангиллуудаар хязгаарлагдахгүй, хэрэглэгчид өөр ангиллуудыг үүсгэж болно. <br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн программ хангамжийг шинэчлэх хүрээнд визуаль эдитор суулгасан тул хэрэглэгчид нийтлэл бичих, хянан засварлахад ихээхэн хялбар дөхөм болж хөнгөвчлөгдсөн. <br /> Админ нар сүүлийн үеийн шинжлэх ухаан техникийн сэдвүүдийг хөгжүүлэхэд анхаарч байгаа. Хэрэглэгчдээс математик, байгаль, нийгмийн шинжлэх ухааны сэдвээр хувь нэмэр оруулахыг хөхиүлэн дэмжинэ. <br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий тольд шинэ нийтлэл оруулах хамгийн хялбар арга бол [[ᠰᠢᠨ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ]] загвар дээр бичих юм. <br /> Түүнчлэн [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv5Cld9czdyoNpqOG90MRxA/videos видео зааврын] дагуу ажиллаж болно.<br /> <br /> Wikibilig-ийн таних тэмдэг Соёмбо бичгийн Wi үсэг ба талбайн интегралын тэмдэг гэсэн хоёр үндсэн хэсгээс бүрдэнэ. Энэ хоёр тэмдэг нь дундын дүрс болох дугуй дээр огтлолцож байна. Wi үсэг нь Wikibilig нэрийн товчлол бөгөөд Соёмбо бичгээр илэрхийлсэн нь түүх, хэл шинжлэл, гүн ухаан зэрэг нийгмийн ухаануудыг төлөөлж байна. Интегралын тэмдэг нь математик, физик тэргүүтэй байгалийн шинжлэх ухаануудыг төлөөлж байна. Соёмбо бичиг ба математикийн тэмдгийг уялдуулан зангидсанаар мэдлэгийн бүх салбар харилцан шүтэлцээтэй болохыг бэлгэдсэн. Түүнчлэн Wikibilig нэвтэрхий толь нь мэдлэгийн бүх салбарыг хамрах болно гэдгийг илэрхийлсэн билээ. Математик интегралын тэмдэг нь Соёмбо бичгээр төлөөлсөн монгол туургатнуудын эв нэгдлийг бэлгэдэнэ. Соёмбо бичгийн W гийгүүлэгчийг i эгшгээр амилуулагч нум тэмдэг гүйцэд тавигдаагүй байдлаар зурагдсан нь Wikibilig нэвтэрхий толь тасралтгүй хөгжин төгөлдөржиж, агуулга нь арвижин дэлгэрсээр байхыг илэрхийлнэ.<br /> <br /> '''Алсын хараа''': <br /> <br /> ''Нарны аймагт Монгол Бичгээр мэдлэг түгээнэ.''<br /> <br /> '''Уриа''': <br /> <br /> ''Их Монголын Их нэвтэрхий толь''</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:114.246.34.56&diff=2571 2021-05-20T14:20:03Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 22:20, 20 Тавдугаар сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Ayalgusaihan&diff=2564 2021-05-16T09:24:07Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 17:24, 16 Тавдугаар сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:202.55.188.41&diff=2563 2021-05-16T09:22:15Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 17:22, 16 Тавдугаар сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%91.%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0&diff=2494 2021-04-19T14:51:13Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 7. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naD5wFtDDEQ&amp;t=124s Шинэ нийтлэл бичих видео заавар]&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 22:51, 19 Дөрөвдүгээр сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC&diff=2476 2021-04-16T00:35:02Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 7. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naD5wFtDDEQ&amp;t=124s Шинэ нийтлэл бичих видео заавар]&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 08:35, 16 Дөрөвдүгээр сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Huhvi&diff=2474 2021-04-14T10:56:20Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 18:56, 14 Дөрөвдүгээр сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0,_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD&diff=2434 2021-04-09T01:56:34Z

<p>WikiSysop: Protected &quot;Баттулга, Боржигин Халтмаагийн&quot; ([Засварлах=Шинэ ба бүртгэлгүй хэрэглэгчдийг түгжих] (тодорхойгүй хугацаагаар) [Зөөх=Шинэ ба бүртгэлгүй хэрэглэгчдийг түгжих] (тодорхойгүй хугацаагаар))</p> <hr /> <div>{{Garchig}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[Файл:Khaltmaagiin Battulga.jpg|thumb]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠩᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1963&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; <br /> ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠄ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ <br /> ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ <br /> ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠦᠳᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ᠧᠰ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ <br /> ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ ᠠᠩᠯᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ <br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 2 ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ <br /> ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ=<br /> ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1963&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt; ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1982&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;19&lt;/span&gt; ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠣ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1983&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1989&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠣ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ᠧᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠶᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠠᠫᠦᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠤᠷᠲᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ》 ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1992&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 《ᠵᠧᠩᠻᠣ》 ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠧᠻᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠍᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ=<br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1995&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠢᠩ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 《ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣ》 ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠍ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 《ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ》 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠧᠩᠻᠣ ᠻᠯᠤᠶᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠢᠮᠫ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; ᠦ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ᠂ ᠯᠢᠳᠧᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠪ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠣᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ 《ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠷᠡ》᠂ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt; ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠱᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ-ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ-ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ᠂ 《ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠷ》 ᠡᠻᠣ ᠰᠢᠲ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ᠂ 《ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭ》 ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0,_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD&diff=2433 2021-04-09T00:33:27Z

<p>WikiSysop: 92.108.217.92 (яриа)-н хийсэн засваруудыг Angka-ий хийсэн сүүлийн засварт буцаан шилжүүллээ.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Garchig}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[Файл:Khaltmaagiin Battulga.jpg|thumb]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠩᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1963&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; <br /> ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠄ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ <br /> ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ <br /> ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠦᠳᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ᠧᠰ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ <br /> ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ ᠠᠩᠯᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ <br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 2 ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ <br /> ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ <br /> ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ=<br /> ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1963&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;34&lt;/span&gt; ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1982&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;19&lt;/span&gt; ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠣ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1983&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1989&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠣ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠽᠢᠨ᠋ᠧᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠶᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠠᠫᠦᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠤᠷᠲᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ》 ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1992&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 《ᠵᠧᠩᠻᠣ》 ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠮᠫᠧᠻᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠍᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> =ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ=<br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1995&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠢᠩ  ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 《ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣ》 ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠍ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 《ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ》 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠦ᠋ᠳᠣ᠋ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠧᠩᠻᠣ ᠻᠯᠤᠶᠢᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠢᠮᠫ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; ᠦ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ᠂ ᠯᠢᠳᠧᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠪ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠣᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ 《ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠷᠡ》᠂ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;100&lt;/span&gt; ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠱᠠᠩᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ-ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ-ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ᠂ 《ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠷ》 ᠡᠻᠣ ᠰᠢᠲ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ᠂ 《ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭ》 ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Sergelen&diff=2055 2021-01-28T04:48:33Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 12:48, 28 Нэгдүгээр сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC&diff=2006 2021-01-18T02:41:48Z

<p>WikiSysop: Spelling</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Zaamar.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ 5584 (2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ) ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ 2‍.900 ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠮᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ 21 ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ1500-3000 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Zaamar_05.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&quot;ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ&quot;&lt;br&gt;ᠻᠢᠨᠥᠨ ᠊ᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠠᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ 《ᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠌》ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 52000 ᠾᠧᠻᠲᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ 121 ᠣᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠬᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠴᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠢᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ  ᠢᠢᠡᠷ 《ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ-2 ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 18 ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ 2 ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 18000 ᠾᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠢᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠷᠠ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 9 ᠳᠦ 800 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ 512 ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 400 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠥᠭᠡᠷᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> File:Zaamar_01.jpg<br /> File:Zaamar_02.jpg<br /> File:Zaamar_03.jpg|{{Mongolian}}ᠠᠯᠲᠠ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠦᠷ<br /> File:Zaamar_04.jpg|{{Mongolian}}ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ &lt;br&gt;ᠦᠭᠡᠰ &lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;<br /> Заамар&lt;br&gt;<br /> Уул уурхай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Байгаль орчин<br /> &lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠵᠦᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC&diff=2005 2021-01-18T02:41:14Z

<p>WikiSysop: Spelling</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Zaamar.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠤᠮᠰ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ 5584 (2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ) ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ 2‍.900 ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠮᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ 21 ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ1500-3000 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Zaamar_05.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&quot;ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ&quot;&lt;br&gt;ᠻᠢᠨᠥᠨ ᠊ᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠠᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ 《ᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠌》ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 52000 ᠾᠧᠻᠲᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ 121 ᠣᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠬᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠴᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠢᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠤᠮ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ  ᠢᠢᠡᠷ 《ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ-2 ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 18 ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ 2 ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 18000 ᠾᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠢᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠷᠠ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 9 ᠳᠦ 800 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ 512 ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 400 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠥᠭᠡᠷᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠪᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> File:Zaamar_01.jpg<br /> File:Zaamar_02.jpg<br /> File:Zaamar_03.jpg|{{Mongolian}}ᠠᠯᠲᠠ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠦᠷ<br /> File:Zaamar_04.jpg|{{Mongolian}}ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ &lt;br&gt;ᠦᠭᠡᠰ &lt;/span&gt;=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;<br /> Заамар&lt;br&gt;<br /> Уул уурхай&lt;br&gt;<br /> Байгаль орчин<br /> &lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠵᠦᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Zorigoo&diff=2003 2021-01-17T04:48:04Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:66.181.161.74&diff=1948 2021-01-06T10:47:27Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. &lt;s&gt;Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой&lt;/s&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 18:47, 6 Нэгдүгээр сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6&diff=1947 2021-01-06T10:42:23Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 18:42, 6 Нэгдүгээр сар 2021 (+08)</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=1798 2020-12-14T01:46:52Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> ==ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ==<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Pluto-01 Stern 03 Pluto Color TXT.jpg|thumb|<br /> {{Mongolian}}ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠥᠬᠡ᠂&lt;br&gt;ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂&lt;br&gt;ᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠳᠣᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠥ ‍ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠵᠡᠭ᠃<br /> ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ‍ᠥᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢ ᠻᠯᠠᠶᠢᠳ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠪᠠᠥᠭᠾ {{Horizontal}}(Clyde{{Z}}{{Horizontal}}Tombaugh){{Z}} ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ {{Horizontal}}1930{{Z}}ᠣᠨ ‍ᠳᠣ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ‍ᠳᠣ ᠢᠨᠥ {{Horizontal}}11{{Z}} ᠨᠠᠰᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠸᠧᠨᠧᠼᠢᠢ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠨᠧᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠣᠭᠭᠣᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠵᠢᠢ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠩᠧᠷᠢᠻ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠲᠣᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ‍ᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠩᠴᠡᠮᠥᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠥ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰ ‍ᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠢ ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ {{Horizontal}}248{{Z}} ᠵᠢᠯ ‍ᠳᠥ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠢ ᠥ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ {{Horizontal}}6 ½{{Z}} ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠯᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠠᠨᠥ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠲᠥᠴᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯ᠃<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B3&diff=1797 2020-12-14T01:46:19Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> '''ᠳᠢᠭ''' (ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠢᠭ᠂ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋) - ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠴᠡᠲᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠨᠦ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Bizutage pilote gazelle.jpg|left|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠹᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ &lt;br&gt;ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;br&gt;ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;1000 ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ &lt;br&gt;&quot;ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯ&quot;]]{{Z}}<br /> ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠵᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠪᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠤᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃<br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠶᠦᠩᠰᠢᠶᠡᠪᠦ ᠪᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ 《ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋》 ᠷᠣᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠲᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠡᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ 1960 -᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠡᠪᠡᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠢᠮ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠶᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠮᠶ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠰᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ‌ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠢᠭ᠂ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ᠃<br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠮᠶ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠳᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 2 ᠊ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠣᠮᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ 1950- ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠊ᠴᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠴᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠰᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠣᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠴᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<br /> ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ 1960-᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.eg.ru/society/67416&lt;/ref&gt; <br /> ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠳᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ I ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠨᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃<br /> ᠫᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ I᠂ ᠶᠧᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠨᠠ II᠂ ᠫᠠᠸᠧᠯ I᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠳᠧᠷ I ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠢᠭ᠂ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ 1810 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠻᠠᠸᠻᠠᠽ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠢᠨ. ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ 5 ᠷᠦ᠋ᠪᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ 19 ᠊ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠦ᠂ ᠣᠹᠢᠼᠧᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠣᠭᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠨᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Тутолмин С. Н. Дедовщина: ретроспектива. Историко-психологическое исследование // Имперское возрождение. — 2007. — Вып. 12. — № 4&lt;/ref&gt; ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠤᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠮᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠣᠴᠢ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ ᠊᠋᠋ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠹᠢᠼᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Зайончковский П. А. Самодержавие и русская армия на рубеже XIX—XX столетий: 1881—1903. — М., 1973.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠪᠣᠰᠤ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠴᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ 《ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠹᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠥᠮᠦᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠁》&lt;ref&gt;Зардыхан Қинаятұлы. Нулимстай жилүүдийн намтар. УБ 2003&lt;/ref&gt; ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠷᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠸᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠥᠷᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠳᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Ontgroening studenten, de groenen duwen de oudere jaars te water, Bestanddeelnr 914-3377.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠵᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋!]]{{Z}}<br /> * '''ᠭᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ''' - ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ<br /> * '''ᠠᠰᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ''' - ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ<br /> * '''ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ''' - ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ<br /> * '''ᠵᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋''' - ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋<br /> * '''ᠣᠨᠵᠠᠪ''' - ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ<br /> * '''ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ''' - ᠭᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ <br /> * '''ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠡᠬᠴᠢ''' - ᠭᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ<br /> * '''ᠫᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ''' - ᠭᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠢᠭ<br /> * '''ᠳ᠋ᠢᠠᠭᠷᠠᠮ''' - ᠭᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠢᠭ<br /> * '''ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋''' - ᠠᠰᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠢᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style = &quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;small&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%B4%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%82_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%B8%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A9%E1%A0%B4%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%AD&diff=1796 2020-12-14T01:41:54Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ=<br /> {{Infobox Researcher<br /> |name= ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ &lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}[[File:De Wang (cropped).jpg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠤᠩᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ]]{{Z}} <br /> |birthdate=1902 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 02 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08 <br /> |birthplace=ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ<br /> |yearsactive=1908 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 1966 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 23<br /> |fields=ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ <br /> |contributions=<br /> 1936 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<br /> 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<br /> |education=<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ<br /> |institutions=<br /> ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ (1908 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ)&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (1924 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ)&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ (1939 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ) <br /> |awards=ᠣᠳᠤᠨ<br /> |country=ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ<br /> |degrees= ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠸᠠᠩ<br /> }}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ=<br /> ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠯᠸᠠᠩᠴᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠠᠪ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠣ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠮᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠭᠡᠮ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1919 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ᠂ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠌ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1932 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 3 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ=<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ 1933 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 7 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 26 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠳ ᠲᠣ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠢ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1937 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ᠋ᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ 1939 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋=<br /> ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ 1945 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠌ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠣ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ 《 ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠴᠢ 》᠂ 《ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ 》ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠷᠱᠠᠯ ᠬᠣ᠋᠂ ᠴᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 1950 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 2 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1950 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠦ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠌ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ‍ᠢ 10 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠪᠡ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ‍ᠢ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠡᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠡᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ 1954 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ=<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1963 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶ᠋ᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> хунтайж Дэмчигдонров&lt;br&gt;<br /> Дэ Ван&lt;br&gt;<br /> Өвөр Монгол&lt;br&gt;<br /> Цахар&lt;br&gt;<br /> үндэсний эрх чөлөөний хөдөлгөөн&lt;br&gt;<br /> Prince Demchogdonrub&lt;br&gt;<br /> De Wang&lt;br&gt;<br /> Southern Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> Inner Mongolia&lt;br&gt;<br /> Chahar&lt;br&gt;<br /> national liberation movement&lt;br&gt;<br /> князь Дэмчигдонров&lt;br&gt;<br /> Южная Монголия&lt;br&gt;<br /> Юнутренняя Монголия&lt;br&gt;<br /> Чахар&lt;br&gt;<br /> национально-освободительное движение&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ=<br /> 1᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ᠃ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠣᠷ᠂ 2009 ᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠃ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠢᠰᠰ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ᠂ 2005 ᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 3᠂ ᠳᠡ᠊ ᠸᠠᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠴᠢᠯ (ᠳᠡᠮᠴᠣᠭᠳᠣᠨᠷᠤᠪ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ) &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠴᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B0%E1%A0%A4&diff=1795 2020-12-14T01:38:45Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Salze Natriumchloridgitter Kugeln.svg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ&lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}NaCl{{Z}} ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠣᠨ᠎&lt;rt&gt;cation&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt;᠎ ([[ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ]]) ᠪᠠ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ᠎&lt;rt&gt;anion&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt;᠎ ([[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]) ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}&lt;i&gt;H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;{{Z}} ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠠᠨ᠎᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}&lt;i&gt;OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;{{Z}} ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;[https://byjus.com/chemistry/salts-types-hydrolysis The Learning App Byju's. Salt chemistry. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions Britannica. Salt. Acid-base reactions. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]&lt;/ref&gt;᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;b&gt;ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ + ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ → ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ + ᠤᠰᠤ&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋᠄ {{Horizontal}}&lt;i&gt;NaCl&lt;/i&gt;{{Z}}᠂ {{Horizontal}}&lt;i&gt;CuCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;{{Z}}᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠲᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠯᠢᠲ&lt;rt&gt;electrolyte&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions Britannica. Salt. Acid-base reactions. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Tolbachite-3D-balls.png|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠵᠡᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋&lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}CuCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}} ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}3{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨᠲᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]{{Z}}<br /> ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ&lt;rt&gt;sodium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠂ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ&lt;rt&gt;ammonium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋&lt;rt&gt;chloride&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt;᠂ ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ) ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ) ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠥᠨ᠎ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ {{Horizontal}}NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠯᠼᠢ&lt;rt&gt;calcium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ {{Horizontal}}Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;{{Mongolian}}ᠪᠠ{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;Fe&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠮᠠᠭᠨᠢ&lt;rt&gt;magnesium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}&lt;br&gt;Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠯᠢ&lt;rt&gt;potassium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠫᠢᠷᠢᠳᠢᠨᠢ&lt;rt&gt;pyridinium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}C&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;NH&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ&lt;rt&gt;quaternary ammonium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}NR&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;᠂&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/p&gt;{{Z}}ᠨᠢ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠯᠻᠢᠯ&lt;rt&gt;alkyl&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠷᠢᠯ&lt;rt&gt;aryl&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ {{Horizontal}}Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;dd&gt;ᠵᠡᠰ {{Horizontal}}Cu&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ᠎ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ (ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ)᠄&lt;br&gt; <br /> <br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ&lt;rt&gt;acetate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}CH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;COO&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠴᠤᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠷᠪᠣᠨᠠᠲ&lt;rt&gt;carbonate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2−&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋&lt;rt&gt;chloride&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}Cl&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠲ&lt;rt&gt;citrate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}HOC(COO&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;)(CH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;COO&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}} (ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠼᠢᠠᠨᠢᠳ᠋&lt;rt&gt;cyanide&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}C≡N&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠰᠢᠨᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠹᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠢᠳ&lt;rt&gt;fluoride&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}F&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (hydrofluoric ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠲ&lt;rt&gt;nitrate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠱᠡᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠲ&lt;rt&gt;nitrite&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠠᠽᠣᠲ᠋ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;ᠢᠰᠦᠯ {{Horizontal}}O&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠠᠲ&lt;rt&gt;phosphate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)<br /> &lt;dd&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠰᠦ᠋ᠯᠹᠠᠲ&lt;rt&gt;sulfate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} (ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ=<br /> [[ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> давс&lt;br&gt;<br /> хүчил&lt;br&gt;<br /> суурь&lt;br&gt;<br /> саармагжуулах урвал&lt;br&gt;<br /> анион&lt;br&gt;<br /> катион&lt;br&gt;<br /> salt&lt;br&gt;<br /> acid&lt;br&gt;<br /> base&lt;br&gt;<br /> reaction of neutralisation&lt;br&gt;<br /> anion&lt;br&gt;<br /> cation&lt;br&gt;<br /> соль&lt;br&gt;<br /> кислота&lt;br&gt;<br /> основание&lt;br&gt;<br /> реакция нейтрализации&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠬᠢᠮᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB&diff=1794 2020-12-14T01:36:24Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt; [[File:Dharma_Primary_School_-_Children_Meditating_2015.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&gt;ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠣᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠥᠭᠡᠳ ‍ᠥᠳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠣ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋<br /> ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠳᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯ=<br /> [[Мэдэмсэр|ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ]] ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠃ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠢᠪᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠪᠢᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ (ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ) ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠢᠪᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠢᠯᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br /> &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;Apple&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt; ᠫᠦᠦᠰ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠳᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ 《ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;Стив Жобс буддист хүн байжээ https://news.mn/r/577105/&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt; [[File:Thai_woman_meditating.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ‍ᠳᠣ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠣᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠥᠯᠬᠥ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠡᠳᠥ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠣᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> дурдал&lt;br&gt;<br /> санамсар&lt;br&gt;<br /> mindfulness&lt;br&gt;<br /> осознанность&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ]]<br /> [[Category: ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B4&diff=1793 2020-12-14T01:31:04Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠡᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Nulte lov.PNG|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt; ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ &lt;br&gt;ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᠪᠭᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠮᠤᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;0&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠨᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠯ &lt;ref&gt;thermodynamic equilibrium&lt;/ref&gt; ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠨᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ &lt;ref&gt;temperature&lt;/ref&gt; ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠦ᠋ᠯ &lt;ref&gt;molecule&lt;/ref&gt; ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠻᠢᠨᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ &lt;ref&gt;kinetic energy&lt;/ref&gt; ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;0&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ&lt;br&gt;'''ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠪᠭᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠣᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠣᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠮᠤᠢ''' &lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠭᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠌᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/thermo0.html ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> =ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:First_law_open_system.svg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠰᠢᠰᠲᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ &lt;br&gt;ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠤᠢ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;1&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠻᠢᠨᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠪᠠ ᠫᠣᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠍ᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠭᠦᠢᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠧᠨᠲ᠋ᠠᠯᠫᠶ &lt;ref&gt;enthalpy&lt;/ref&gt; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;1&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ &lt;br&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;var style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;ΔU = Q – W&lt;/var&gt;''' &lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠂ &lt;small&gt;U&lt;/small&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ᠂ &lt;small&gt;Q&lt;/small&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ &lt;small&gt;W&lt;/small&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠣᠦ᠋ᠯ &lt;small&gt;(Joule)&lt;/small&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://sciencing.com/second-law-of-thermodynamics-definition-equation-examples-13722778.html ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 09&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;1&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠨᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠯᠡ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;2&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠮᠦᠢ᠃<br /> =ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Experiment exploring the second principle of thermodynamics.svg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ &lt;small&gt;(A)&lt;/small&gt;᠂ &lt;br&gt; ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ &lt;br&gt; ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ &lt;small&gt;(B)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠥᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ &lt;small&gt;(C)&lt;/small&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;2&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ &lt;br&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠥᠫᠶ &lt;ref&gt;entropy&lt;/ref&gt; ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠮᠦᠢ''' &lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/thermo0.html ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠫᠶ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠫᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠲᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠳ ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠣᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋᠋ᠦ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://sciencing.com/second-law-of-thermodynamics-definition-equation-examples-13722778.html ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:PSM V76 D246 Demonstration of the second law of thermodynamics.png|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠣᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ=<br /> ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;3&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠮᠡᠯᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠭ &lt;small&gt;(0)&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠮᠥᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;small&gt;3&lt;/small&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ &lt;br&gt;'''ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠭ &lt;small&gt;(''0 K'')&lt;/small&gt; ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠠᠭᠦ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠧᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠥᠫᠶ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋''' &lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.livescience.com/ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 08&lt;/ref&gt;<br />  <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Absolute Zero Animated.gif|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠭ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;''0 K''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠶᠤ&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;''-273.15''&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/small&gt; &lt;br&gt;ᠮᠥᠨ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠶᠤᠭ=<br /> &lt;small&gt;<br /> &lt;span style = &quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80&diff=1792 2020-12-14T01:28:03Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MongolianWikipedia/permalink/1988009144747836 &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;Монгол бичгийн том харагдацтай тигийг (фонт) энэ холбоосоос татаж авна уу&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;  ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt; (1709)&lt;/span&gt; ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠨᠡᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt; ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;  ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ (ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ) &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1778&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ (ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠳᠬᠣᠨᠲᠩᠷᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 1818ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ)᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ =<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Special Protected Area 02.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1994&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ= <br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ (&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1778&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;41651&lt;/span&gt; ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ) ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1957&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;66400&lt;/span&gt; ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 0.6 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 1965 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;236200&lt;/span&gt;ᠾᠠ᠊ (&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;0.15&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1976&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;5547900&lt;/span&gt; ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;3.52&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ 1990  ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠷᠢᠣ ᠳᠧ-ᠵᠠᠨᠧᠢᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 30 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ 7 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ (6 ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1993 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ 12 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ (ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ 1993 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 12629800 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 26 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 8.01 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 21731500 ᠾᠠ᠊ (13.8 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 2012 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 99 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 27207800 ᠾᠠ᠊ (17.4 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 12411057.44 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 7.93 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ 20 ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ 11884605.59 ᠾᠠ᠊ (7.6 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 32 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ 3528824.17 ᠾᠠ᠊ (2.26 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 36 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ 128962.78 ᠾᠠ᠊ (0.08 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 14 ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 27953449.98 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 17.87 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ (ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 11.2᠂ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 11.2) ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 279534 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ 2 ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ GIS ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ (2009 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 929202 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ 6 ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ)᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ 222820 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ) ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ 46.79 ᠰᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 29.91 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) 1210  ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋= <br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Special Protected Area 03.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ (ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ (IUCN) ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ Ia᠂ Ib ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ) ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠻᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠦᠨᠻᠼᠢᠤᠨᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥᠳ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 《ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ (ᠴᠥᠮ) ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》 ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ 《ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》 ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠬᠥ) ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ 《ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》 ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ)᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ》 ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 100000 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ 1965 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ 27᠂448 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1 ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1975 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ 5311730 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ 5565642 ᠭᠠ) ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠸᠧᠢᠽᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 3.4 ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ (ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ (IUCN) ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ II) ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ (ᠴᠥᠮ) ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠾ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ) ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ》 ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠ 100000 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ 2697170.84 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 1.72 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ ᠡᠻᠣᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ (ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ (ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ (ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ)᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ Ia (ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ) ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ Ib (ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ) ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 100000 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠲᠤ-ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 743057.93 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (IUCN (ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ)  ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ III) ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ᠱᠠᠹᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ (ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠢᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠪ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ) ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠲᠤᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ 1000 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ 31277.21 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠩ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ= <br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:20200711 065126.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠥᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠫᠣᠫᠦᠶᠢᠯᠢᠶᠠᠼ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠻᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋  ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠻᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠻᠣᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ Ib (ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ) ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ VI  ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠻᠣᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ) ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠻᠣᠨᠸᠧᠨᠼ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ 1988᠂ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ 15 ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ <br /> (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 119᠂ 2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 180 ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ) ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1  ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ 2013᠂ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠪᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ (2013 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 125᠂ 2014 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 374᠂ 2015 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 576᠂ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 348)᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠴᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 1 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 100000 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 40 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠷᠦᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ (ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ)᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ 2015 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 57.9 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ (ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 37.1 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ 2362 ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ 919᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ 443) ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 978 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 681 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ 17.7 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 11.36 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) 1103 ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (989126 ᠭᠠ); 《ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ》 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (863271 ᠭᠠ); ᠰᠦᠬᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠣᠲᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (530942 ᠭᠠ) ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 13 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 11.3) ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 8.25 ᠬᠤᠪ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ  ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 1108 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠠᠳ)᠂ 18837459.75 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 12.04 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ= <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《BZ》 ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠠ᠂ ᠪ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ-ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ; ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠣᠷᠭᠢ-ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠯᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ <br /> 15 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ= <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ)᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠭᠢᠰᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2009 ᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ 21 ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ 47 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ 34 ᠨᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ 10 ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ᠂ ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ (ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ)᠃ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 16 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80&diff=1791 2020-12-14T01:19:45Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MongolianWikipedia/permalink/1988009144747836 &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;Монгол бичгийн том харагдацтай тигийг (фонт) энэ холбоосоос татаж авна уу&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;  ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt; (1709)&lt;/span&gt; ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠨᠡᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;16&lt;/span&gt; ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;  ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ (ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ) &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1778&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ (ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠳᠬᠣᠨᠲᠩᠷᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 1818ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ)᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ =<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Special Protected Area 02.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1994/&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ= <br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ (&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1778/&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;41651/&lt;/span&gt; ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ) ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1957/&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;66400/&lt;/span&gt; ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 0.6 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 1965 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;236200/&lt;/span&gt;ᠾᠠ᠊ (&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;0.15/&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;1976/&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;5547900/&lt;/span&gt; ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb &quot;&gt;3.52/&lt;/span&gt; ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ 1990  ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠷᠢᠣ ᠳᠧ-ᠵᠠᠨᠧᠢᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 30 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ 1992 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ 7 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ (6 ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1993 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ 12 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ (ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ 1993 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 12629800 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 26 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 8.01 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 21731500 ᠾᠠ᠊ (13.8 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 2012 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 99 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 27207800 ᠾᠠ᠊ (17.4 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 12411057.44 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 7.93 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ 20 ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ 11884605.59 ᠾᠠ᠊ (7.6 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 32 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ 3528824.17 ᠾᠠ᠊ (2.26 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 36 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ 128962.78 ᠾᠠ᠊ (0.08 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 14 ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 27953449.98 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 17.87 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ (ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ 11.2᠂ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 11.2) ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 279534 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ 2 ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ GIS ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ (2009 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 929202 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ 6 ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ)᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ 222820 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ) ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ 46.79 ᠰᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 29.91 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) 1210  ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋= <br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Special Protected Area 03.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠣᠳᠬᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ (ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ (IUCN) ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ Ia᠂ Ib ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ) ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠻᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠦᠨᠻᠼᠢᠤᠨᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥᠳ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 《ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ (ᠴᠥᠮ) ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》 ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ 《ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》 ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠬᠥ) ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ 《ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》 ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ)᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ》 ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 100000 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ 1965 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ 27᠂448 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1 ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1975 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ 5311730 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ 5565642 ᠭᠠ) ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠸᠧᠢᠽᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 3.4 ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ (ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ (IUCN) ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ II) ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ (ᠴᠥᠮ) ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ》᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠾ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ) ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ 《ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ》 ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠ 100000 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ 2697170.84 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ 1.72 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ ᠡᠻᠣᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ (ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ (ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ (ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ); ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ (ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ)᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ Ia (ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ) ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ Ib (ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ) ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 100000 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠲᠤ-ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 743057.93 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (IUCN (ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ)  ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ III) ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ᠱᠠᠹᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ (ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠢᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠪ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ) ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠲᠤᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ 1000 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ 31277.21 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠩ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ= <br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:20200711 065126.jpg|thumbnail|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠥᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠫᠣᠫᠦᠶᠢᠯᠢᠶᠠᠼ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠻᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋  ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠻᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠻᠣᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ Ib (ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ) ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ VI  ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠻᠣᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ) ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠻᠣᠨᠸᠧᠨᠼ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;<br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ 1988᠂ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ 15 ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ <br /> (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 119᠂ 2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 180 ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ) ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ 2000 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1  ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ 2013᠂ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠪᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ (2013 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 125᠂ 2014 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 374᠂ 2015 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 576᠂ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 348)᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠴᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 1 ᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 100000 ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 40 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠷᠦᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ (ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ)᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ 2015 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 57.9 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ (ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 37.1 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ 2362 ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ 919᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ 443) ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 978 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 681 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ 17.7 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 11.36 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) 1103 ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> <br /> ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (989126 ᠭᠠ); 《ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ》 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (863271 ᠭᠠ); ᠰᠦᠬᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠣᠲᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (530942 ᠭᠠ) ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2017 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ 13 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 11.3) ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 8.25 ᠬᠤᠪ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ  ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 2016 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 1108 ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ (ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠠᠳ)᠂ 18837459.75 ᠾᠠ᠊ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ 12.04 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ) ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ= <br /> <br /> ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《BZ》 ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠠ᠂ ᠪ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ-ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠪᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ; ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠣᠷᠭᠢ-ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠯᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ <br /> 15 ᠰᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠾᠠ᠊ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ= <br /> <br /> ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ)᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ (ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠭᠢᠰᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2009 ᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ 21 ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ 47 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ 34 ᠨᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ 10 ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ᠂ ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ (ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ)᠃ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 16 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=1790 2020-12-14T00:49:11Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Marmota baibacina.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> {{Taxobox<br /> |name=ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋<br /> |kingdom=[[ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]]<br /> |phylum=[[ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |class=[[ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |order=[[ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ]]<br /> |family=[[ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮᠥᠨ ‍ᠥ ᠬᠢᠨ]]<br /> |genus=ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋<br /> |species=ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ‍ᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ:&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋<br /> |latin=<br /> Marmota baibacina&lt;br&gt;<br /> Marmota sibirica&lt;br&gt;<br /> Marmota sibirica caliginosus<br /> |by= <br /> }}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> ''' ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ''' ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ (Marmota) ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ 14 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ (Marmota baibacina) ᠪᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ (Marmota sibirica) ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ (Marmota sibirica caliginosus) ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://cicon.ru/surok-mongolski.html Accessed 29 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ 10 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠭᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 65 ᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠮᠦᠢ᠃<br /> ᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷ, ᠡᠷᠡᠦ, ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ 3-6 ᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.undp.org/content/dam/mongolia/Publications/Environment/mrpa-project Accessed 29 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Marmota sibirica - (Russia, Mongolia) - Rochers-de-Naye, Switzerland, 2009.JPG|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠶᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt; <br /> ᠲᠠᠷᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠶ ᠪᠡᠨ 35 ᠬᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 5-12 ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠮᠦᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ 16 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠠᠰᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠢᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ 25 ᠰᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠩᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 7-8 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠵᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ 5-6 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.undp.org/content/dam/mongolia/Publications/Environment/mrpa-project Accessed 29 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Marmot-edit1.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠴᠡᠵᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠶ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> сурок&lt;br&gt;<br /> тарбаган&lt;br&gt;<br /> хэрэмнийхэн&lt;br&gt;<br /> marmot<br /> {{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BB%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%81&diff=1789 2020-12-14T00:33:03Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Lynx lynx - 03.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> {{Taxobox<br /> |name=ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠥᠰᠥ<br /> |kingdom=[[ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]]<br /> |phylum=[[ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |class=[[ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |order=[[ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |family=[[ᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ]]<br /> |genus=ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠥᠰᠥ <br /> |species=<br /> L.lynx&lt;br&gt;<br /> L.canadensis&lt;br&gt;<br /> L.pardinus&lt;br&gt;<br /> L.rufus<br /> |latin=Lynx lynx&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lynx canadensis&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lynx pardinus&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lynx rufus<br /> |by= <br /> }}<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> '''ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ''' ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ''lynx'' ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠨᠢ 'Lynx lynx᠂ Lynx canadensi᠂ Lynx pardinu᠂ Lynx rufu''᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.lifelynx.eu Accessed 27 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ''Lynx lynx'' ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠧᠦ᠋ᠷᠠᠽᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 150 ᠰᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ 30 ᠰᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ 9-21 ᠺᠢᠯᠤ᠍᠍᠍᠍ᠬᠷᠠᠮ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ 70 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠡᠵᠦ 2-3 ''ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠤᠯ'' ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Lynx kitten.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠤᠯ&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠮᠢᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ 17-24 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ  ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠭᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠢ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠨᠢ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lynxuk.org/ Accessed 27 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Lynx lynx (Linnaeus 1758).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> <br /> рысь&lt;br&gt;<br /> мийнхэн<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0:Temugi&diff=1786 2020-12-12T14:49:20Z

<p>WikiSysop: Created Dialogue</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> Wikibilig чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толийн гишүүн болсонд баярлалаа.<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> Та<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. Байгаа нийтлэлүүдэд засвар, нэмэлт оруулах<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. Байгаа нийтлэлд засвар хийхдээ тухайн нийтлэлийн дээд тал дахь &quot;Засварлах&quot; товчийг дараад, засвар хийгээд, баруун дээд булан дахь &quot;Save changes...&quot; товчийг дарж хадгална.<br /> 3. Шинэ сэдвээр нийтлэл үүсгэх<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 4. Зураг болон бусад медиа материал оруулах боломжтой<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> 5. http://wikibilig.mn/Autocorrect.html хаягаар орж монгол бичгээр бичвэрээ бичээд, үүсгэж байгаа нийтлэл рүүгээ хуулж болно.&lt;br&gt;<br /> 6. Бичвэрээ босоо гаргахын тулд бичвэрийнхээ эхэнд &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr;&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; гэсэн кодыг бичээрэй.&lt;br&gt;<br /> Амжилт хүсье!<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Хэрэглэгч:WikiSysop|WikiSysop]] ([[Хэрэглэгчийн яриа:WikiSysop|talk]]) 22:49, 12 Арванхоёрдугаар сар 2020 (+08)<br /> {{Z}}</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=1756 2020-12-07T03:27:37Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> =ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ=<br /> '''ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ''' ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠭ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Image:Myriad_Amitayus,_the_Buddha_of_Eternal_Life_LACMA_M.83.253.jpg|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠶᠤᠰᠢ<br /> File:Padmasambhava_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠯᠣᠪᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠳᠮ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠤᠩᠨᠠᠢ<br /> Image:Garuda-Feathered_Hayagriva_LACMA_AC1993.190.1.jpg|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠳᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠶᠤ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠩᠬᠢᠷᠸᠠ<br /> Image:Vajravarahi.JPG|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠫᠠᠭᠮᠣ᠋ &lt;br&gt;ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠦᠯ=<br /> ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ དམར་ཁྲ (ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ dmar khra, ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ marta) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> =ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt; [[File:Martan.png|thumb|360px]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> ᠨᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ (ནག་ཁྲ)᠄ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠠ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠡᠲᠠᠨ (ས་ཁྲ)᠄ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠭᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ (དཀར་ཁྲ)᠄ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠄ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠭᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ (ཐང་ཀ)᠄ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= <br /> &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;<br /> мартан&lt;br&gt;<br /> шүтээн зураг&lt;br&gt;<br /> тангка&lt;br&gt;<br /> thangka&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B0%E1%A0%A3%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%8D%E1%A0%B3%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%8B%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%8C%E1%A0%BC&diff=1755 2020-12-07T03:25:39Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Lorentzkraft v2.svg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ {{Horizontal}}B{{Z}} ᠲᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠫᠧᠷᠫᠧᠨ᠍ᠳᠢᠻᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠷ&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(perpendicular)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;i&gt;v&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br&gt;{{Z}}ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ (ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ)&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠶᠤ&lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}&lt;i&gt;l&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br&gt;{{Z}}ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ&lt;br&gt;{{Horizontal}}l&lt;br&gt;{{Z}}ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ&lt;br&gt;(ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ)&lt;br&gt;ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠽ&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Lorentz)&lt;/small&gt; ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠸᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ&lt;ref&gt;vector&lt;/ref&gt; ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠭ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ &lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.org/details/electricitymagne00purc_621 Purcell, E. (2011). Electricity and Magnetism (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 173–4. ISBN 978-1107013605]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ ᠨᠢ &lt;i&gt;v&lt;/i&gt; ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ &lt;i&gt;q&lt;/i&gt; ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ &lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ᠂ &lt;i&gt;v&lt;/i&gt; ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ &lt;i&gt;q&lt;/i&gt; ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠽ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ &lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ B ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋: &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;big&gt;F = q[v • B]&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;F = qvBsinα&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ {{Horizontal}}α{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠸᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ F ᠸᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠸᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠸᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠸᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠫᠧᠷᠫᠧᠨ᠍ᠳᠢᠻᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠷ&lt;ref&gt;perpendicular&lt;/ref&gt; ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠮᠣᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}SI{{Z}} ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠧᠰᠯᠠ (ᠲ᠂ T) ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠧᠰᠯᠠᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ&lt;ref&gt;teslameter&lt;/ref&gt; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ᠎=<br /> [[ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠭ᠌ᠼ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Цахилгаан соронзон долгионы хуваарь|ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> соронзон индукц&lt;br&gt;<br /> соронзон орон&lt;br&gt;<br /> хүчлэг&lt;br&gt;<br /> Лоренцын хүч&lt;br&gt;<br /> баруун гарын дүрэм&lt;br&gt;<br /> Тесла&lt;br&gt;<br /> magnetic induction&lt;br&gt;<br /> magnetic flux density&lt;br&gt;<br /> The B-field&lt;br&gt;<br /> intensity&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lorentz force&lt;br&gt;<br /> right hand rule&lt;br&gt;<br /> Tesla&lt;br&gt;<br /> магнитная индукция&lt;br&gt;<br /> магнитное поле&lt;br&gt;<br /> напряженность&lt;br&gt;<br /> сила Лоренца&lt;br&gt;<br /> правило буравчика&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Z}}<br /> =ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BB%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%81&diff=1754 2020-12-07T03:25:24Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Lynx lynx - 03.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> {{Taxobox<br /> |name=ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠥᠰᠥ<br /> |kingdom=[[ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]]<br /> |phylum=[[ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |class=[[ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |order=[[ᠮᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |family=[[ᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ]]<br /> |genus=ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠥᠰᠥ <br /> |species=<br /> L.lynx&lt;br&gt;<br /> L.canadensis&lt;br&gt;<br /> L.pardinus&lt;br&gt;<br /> L.rufus<br /> |latin=Lynx lynx&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lynx canadensis&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lynx pardinus&lt;br&gt;<br /> Lynx rufus<br /> |by= <br /> }}<br /> '''ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ''' ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ''lynx'' ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠨᠢ 'Lynx lynx᠂ Lynx canadensi᠂ Lynx pardinu᠂ Lynx rufu''᠃&lt;ref&gt;https://www.lifelynx.eu Accessed 27 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ''Lynx lynx'' ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠧᠦ᠋ᠷᠠᠽᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 150 ᠰᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ 30 ᠰᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ 9-21 ᠺᠢᠯᠤ᠍᠍᠍᠍ᠬᠷᠠᠮ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ 70 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠡᠵᠦ 2-3 ''ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠤᠯ'' ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Lynx kitten.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠤᠯ&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠮᠢᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ 17-24 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ  ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠭᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠢ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠨᠢ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lynxuk.org/ Accessed 27 April 2020&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Lynx lynx (Linnaeus 1758).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> <br /> рысь&lt;br&gt;<br /> мийнхэн<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB&diff=1753 2020-12-07T03:25:12Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> {{Dutuu}}<br /> ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠥ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ‌᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ Saṅdhinirmocana ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠩᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠬᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠨᠳᠡᠭ (pratipakṣa) ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢᠻᠠᠶᠠ (Nikāya) ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠬᠲᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ (Abhidharma)᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ (neyārtha)᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠨᠣᠮ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠤᠩᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠷᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠢᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠨᠢᠾᠢᠯᠢᠰᠮ (nihilism) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ (nītārtha) ᠪᠣᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠢᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢ (nitārtha) ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠰ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠮᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠨᠡᠯᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠦᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ (abhidharma)᠂ ᠤᠴᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠡᠴᠡ (cosmology)᠂ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋.<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Asanga.JPG|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ (Asanga) ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra (ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠲᠢᠷ) ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ (ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠢᠨᠦ ᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠ [Āgama] ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠫᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠻᠠᠶᠠ [Nikāya] ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠳ ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ) ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠨᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ Abhidharmakośa (ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ) ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠯ᠂ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Seshin Vasubandhu Kofukuji.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠢᠷᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯ ‍ᠳᠤᠷ ᠳᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠢᠰᠲ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ Mahīśasika ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠ (Āgama) ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ (Tuṣita᠂ དགའ་ལྡན) ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ (ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠣᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ) ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠷᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠲᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠢᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠳᠣᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ (Vaibhāṣika) ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠣᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠲᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ (Abhidharmakośa) ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤᠬᠤᠶ᠃ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠨᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ Karmasiddhi-prakaraṇa (ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠬᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠬᠦᠢ)᠂ Pañcaskandhaka-prakaraṇa (ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠰ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠬᠦᠢ) ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ Abhidharmakośa ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠻᠣᠯᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠮᠡᠲᠬᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠲᠦᠷ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br /> ᠥᠨᠥ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ Abhidharmakośa ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠲᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠯ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ᠂ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ᠂ 《ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋》 ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<br /> ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ (ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ)᠂ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠦ᠋ᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠮᠬᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ (Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra, Mahāyānasaṃgraha, Abhidharmasamuccaya) ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠱᠠᠳ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠳ (Triṃśikā, Trisvabhāva-nirdeśa ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ)᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ‍ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ (Viṃśatika, Madhyānta-vibhāga ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ)᠂ ᠯᠢᠩᠬᠤ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠦᠯᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ Saṅdhinirmocana ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠮᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠳᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ Saṅdhinirmocana ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠡᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊᠋ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠴᠢ (logician)᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠴᠢ (epistemologist) ᠊ᠳᠢᠭᠨᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ (Dignāga)᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠾᠢᠷᠠᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢ (Sthiramati) ᠨᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ (ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋)᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠡᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠪᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠨᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br /> ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ 1᠂ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠊ᠳᠢᠭᠨᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠊ᠲᠾᠠᠷᠮᠠᠻᠢᠷᠲ᠋ᠢ (Dharmakīrti)᠂ ᠱᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠻᠱᠢᠲ᠋ᠠ (Śāntarakṣita)᠂ ᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠨᠠᠻᠢᠷᠲ᠋ᠢ (Ratnakīrti) ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠂ 2᠂ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠾᠢᠲᠠᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢ (Sthiramati)᠂ ᠊ᠲᠾᠠᠷᠮᠠᠫᠠᠯᠠ (Dharmapāla)᠂ ᠰᠦ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠽᠠᠩ (Xuanzang)᠂ ᠸᠢᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠳᠧᠸᠠ (Vinītadeva) ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠰᠠᠩᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠦ᠋ᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ᠋ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠵᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠃ ᠊ᠳᠢᠭᠨᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠸᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠾᠦ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ Abhidharmakośa ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ (འགྲེལ་པ) ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠶᠣᠵᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋.<br /> ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠵᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠾᠢᠨᠳᠦ᠋ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ātman (ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠢ)᠂ prakṛti (ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ) ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ālaya-vijñāna ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠨᠠᠡᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠰᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠤᠮᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ᠃<br /> ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ - ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠲᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ - ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ālaya-vijñāna ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ citta-santāna (སེམས་རྒྱུད) ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠥᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠥᠷᠲᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ᠃<br /> =ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠢᠢᠮ=<br /> =ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠥᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ‍ᠥ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ=<br /> ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ (Yogācāra) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠣᠸᠠᠲᠾᠢᠰᠠᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ (ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ)᠂ ᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃<br /> ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ (vijñapti-mātra) ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ (metaphysical idealism) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠠᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠪᠯᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠬᠢ ᠧᠫᠢᠰᠲᠧᠮᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤᠢ (ontological) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠧᠲᠠᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ ᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠲᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠦᠵᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ 1. ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ 2. ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠷᠥᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃<br /> ==2a. &quot;ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ&quot; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠥ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠲᠥᠬᠠᠢᠢ ‍ᠳᠣᠷ==<br /> ᠻᠠᠷᠲ᠋ᠧᠽ (Cartesian) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠹᠢᠯᠣᠰᠣᠹ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠻᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ (Kant) ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠪᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ 《ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠱᠣᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠧᠢᠢᠪᠨᠢᠼ (Leibniz) ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠧᠻᠠᠷᠲ ᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠶᠢᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠡᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ᠄ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯ (ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ) ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ (ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ) - ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠥᠷᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠭᠦᠰᠮᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢᠦ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠰ (ᠻᠡᠮᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ (ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ᠂ ᠪᠧᠷᠻᠡᠯᠢ (Berkeley) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ esse est percipi ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠻ᠂ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠦᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠷᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ &quot;idea-ism&quot; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠮᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠫᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ (Plato) ᠊ᠤ eidos ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ (ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ) ᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ (physical)᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠥᠷᠲᠠᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠰ ᠊ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃<br /> ==2b. ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠷᠥᠨᠡᠳᠥ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠥᠨ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠠᠷᠬ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋==<br /> ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠭᠥᠨ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠳᠣᠷ ᠡᠭᠥᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠥ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠭᠥᠨ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠣᠯᠬ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠬᠥ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠥᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ Pramāṇavāda (Epistemology) ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠫᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠧᠫᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠥᠯᠥᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠣᠬᠥᠳ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ Pramāṇavāda ᠡᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠥᠨ ‍ᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠥ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠣ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠥᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠣᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠣᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠴᠥᠳ ᠥᠬᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠷᠰᠥᠯᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠥ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠵᠥᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠣᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠥᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃᠎ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠵᠥ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠭᠠᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠫᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ‍‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ prameya (ontology) ᠠᠨᠣ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ‍ᠥᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠥᠨ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ‍ᠣᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠣᠩᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠳᠣᠷ ᠠᠨᠣ ᠲᠣᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ (pramāṇa)‍ ᠬᠥᠴᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠥᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠠᠷᠬ᠋ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ‍ᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠳᠡᠬᠥᠯᠵᠥ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠾᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠥ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠰᠡᠳ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ‍ᠣᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠬᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠥᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠪᠣᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠥᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠴᠥᠭᠡᠴᠥᠳ ᠾᠢᠨᠳᠥ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ‍ᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠥ ᠥᠨᠡ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠥ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠥ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠾᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠥ ᠰᠢᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠥᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠡ‍ᠠᠢᠢᠨᠢᠰᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠥ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠾᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠥ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠥᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠥᠷᠡᠰᠥ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠪᠥᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠥ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠢᠨᠥ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠴᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠢᠢᠨᠢᠰᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠥᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯᠴᠡᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠨᠢᠴᠥᠬᠡᠴᠥᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠪᠥᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠣᠯᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠥᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠥᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠪᠣᠯᠮᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠥᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠥ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠲᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠥᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠥ ‍ᠳᠥᠷ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠥᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠡᠩᠳᠡᠭᠥᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠰᠣ ᠭᠡᠬᠥᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠥᠭᠡᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠣᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠴᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠥᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠥᠶ᠃ ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠥᠵᠡᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠲᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠨᠣ ᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠣᠴᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠣᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (vyāpti) ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠣ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠣᠲᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠮᠣ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠪᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠣᠷ ᠣᠵᠢᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠣᠮᠠᠰ ‍ᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠲᠥ ᠮᠡᠲᠣᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠢᠯᠰ ‍ᠢ᠂ ᠥᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠴᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠥᠩᠨᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠥᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠨᠣ ᠰᠢᠭᠠᠷᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣᠢᠢᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠲᠥ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠴᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠥᠩᠨᠡᠬᠥ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠥᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠣ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠥᠢᠢᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠡᠨᠣ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠥᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠥᠩᠨᠡᠬᠥᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠡᠯᠳᠥᠬᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠥᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ‍ᠥᠳ ‍ᠥᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢ ‍ᠳᠣᠷ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠥᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠪᠥᠲᠲᠾᠢᠰᠲ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠣ (logic) ᠡᠭᠥᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠳᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ‍ᠳᠣᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠣ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br /> ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠧᠫᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠢᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠮ (epistemological idealism) ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠬᠦ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ (object) ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠮᠦᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠧᠫᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠢᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢ ᠢᠳᠧᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ (substantially) ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠢᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%B0%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A2&diff=1752 2020-12-07T03:24:52Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Lithium-hydroxide-xtal-3D-SF.png|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ&lt;br&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠯᠢᠲ᠋&lt;rt&gt;lithium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;&lt;ruby&gt;ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋&lt;rt&gt;hydroxide&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt;]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;b&gt;ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ&lt;/b&gt; ᠭᠡᠵᠦ [[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]] ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠦ᠋ᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[https://byjus.com/chemistry/acids-and-bases Byju's Learning App. Acids and Bases. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/18]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤᠷᠢᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠮᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠢᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ&lt;rt&gt;indicator&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ (ᠵᠡᠱᠢᠶᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠮᠦ᠋ᠰ&lt;rt&gt;litmus&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋)᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ [[ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ]] ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ (ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠯᠢᠽ&lt;rt&gt;catalysis&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt;) ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/science/acid Britannica. Base (chemical compound), ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/18]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠰᠥᠼᠢᠶᠠᠼ&lt;rt&gt;dissociation&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; {{Horizontal}}OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} ᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠦᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;ref&gt;А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠶᠶᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ {{Horizontal}}OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠦ᠋ᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MeOH = Me&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; + OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠄&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;var&gt;Me&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/var&gt;{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ᠎᠂&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;var&gt;OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/var&gt;{{Z}} ᠨᠢ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋&lt;rt&gt;hydroxide&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O&lt;br&gt;{{Mongolian}}&lt;ruby&gt;ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ&lt;rt&gt;sodium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋᠂ {{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> Ca(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + 2HCl = CaCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + 2H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;br&gt;{{Mongolian}}&lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠯᠼᠢ&lt;rt&gt;calcium&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt; ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋᠂ {{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}} ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋: <br /> {{Horizontal}}(NaOH; &lt;br&gt;Ca(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;; &lt;br&gt;Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;){{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠠᠷᠪᠣᠨᠠᠲ᠋&lt;rt&gt;carbonate&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠪᠠ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠮᠮᠢᠶᠠᠻ&lt;rt&gt;Ammonia&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠨᠢ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → 2Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; + HCO3&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; + OH&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; + OH&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;ref&gt; Рудзитис Г. Е., Фельдман Ф. Г. Химия. Неорганическая химия. Органическая химия. 9 класс. — 13-е изд. — М.: Просвещение, 2009. —ISBN 978-5-09-021-625-8 &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Мыло ручной работы &quot;Сердце&quot;.jpg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠰᠠᠪᠤᠩ&lt;br&gt;ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ᠎ ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠾᠶᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ᠄ {{Horizontal}}LiOH᠂&lt;br&gt;NaOH ᠂&lt;br&gt;Ca(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}}᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠄ {{Horizontal}}Cu(OH) &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Zn(OH) &lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Fe(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}}᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ {{Horizontal}}LiOH{{Z}} - ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ; {{Horizontal}}Mg(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}} - ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ; {{Horizontal}}Fe(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}} - ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠰᠥᠼᠢᠶᠠᠼ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠣᠨ᠎ ‍ᠤ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠻᠣᠨ᠍ᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠼ&lt;rt&gt;concentration&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt; <br /> ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ‍ᠢ &lt;ruby&gt;ᠠᠮᠫᠾᠣᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ&lt;rt&gt;amphoteros&lt;/rt&gt;&lt;/ruby&gt; ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠻᠰᠢᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠢ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ᠄ <br /> {{Horizontal}} Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Zn(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Zr(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt; Fe(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Be(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;᠂&lt;br&gt;Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;{{Z}}᠃&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ=<br /> [[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ]]&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ]]<br /> <br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> суурь&lt;br&gt;<br /> шүлт&lt;br&gt;<br /> гидроксид&lt;br&gt;<br /> металл&lt;br&gt;<br /> хүчил&lt;br&gt;<br /> давс&lt;br&gt;<br /> диссоциац&lt;br&gt;<br /> ион&lt;br&gt;<br /> анион&lt;br&gt;<br /> base&lt;br&gt;<br /> alkali&lt;br&gt;<br /> hydroxide&lt;br&gt;<br /> metal&lt;br&gt;<br /> acid&lt;br&gt;<br /> salt&lt;br&gt;<br /> dissociation&lt;br&gt;<br /> ion&lt;br&gt;<br /> anion&lt;br&gt;<br /> основание&lt;br&gt;<br /> щелочь&lt;br&gt;<br /> кислота&lt;br&gt;<br /> соль&lt;br&gt;<br /> диссоциация&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Z}}<br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠬᠢᠮᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85&diff=1751 2020-12-07T03:24:37Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;[[Файл:Map Tectonic Mongolia.jpg|thumb|&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;/div&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠰᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ᠄ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ 5 ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ&lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ&lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ&lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ==<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;[[Файл:Map Geological Mongolia.jpg|thumb|&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;/div&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠨ᠊ᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠱᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠭᠨᠧᠢᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠤᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠸᠢᠻ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠶᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠮ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠡᠯᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠻᠠᠯᠧᠳᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠰᠡᠯᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠊ᠪᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠰᠢ ᠊ᠪᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠳᠧᠸᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠻᠠᠷᠪᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠊ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠊ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠠᠩ ᠴᠠᠪ ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠ᠊ᠭᠮᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠯᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠸᠢᠻ 2 ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠸᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠂ ᠰᠡᠯᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠻᠠᠯᠧᠳᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠻᠠᠷᠪᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠧᠷᠼᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠻᠠᠯᠧᠳᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠳ.ᠲ.ᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ 2 ᠊ᠳᠦᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠧᠷᠼᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 2 ᠊ᠳᠦᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ( ᠸ.ᠭ᠃ ᠸᠠᠰᠢᠯᠢᠶᠧᠹ) ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠧᠷᠼᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ- ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠢᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠮᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ==<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;[[Файл:Геологическая карта мира.png|thumb|&lt;center&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:left&quot;&gt;ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;/div&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠷᠶᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠷᠠᠶᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠᠽ᠂ ᠫᠤᠹᠢᠷᠢᠲ᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠳᠧᠽᠢᠲ᠂ ᠫᠤᠹᠢᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠦᠷ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠊ᠢᠶᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠶᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠭᠣᠪᠢ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠷᠠᠶᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠊ᠬᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠮᠬᠢᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠵᠡᠩ ᠳᠠᠪᠷᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠨᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠫᠤᠷᠹᠢᠷ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠷᠨᠣᠳᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠲ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠲᠦᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠰᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠦᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠤᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠫᠤᠷᠹᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠤᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠬᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠱᠣᠬᠣᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠵᠡᠩ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠲᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠯᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠰ ᠬᠣᠩᠬᠣᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠧᠷᠼᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠲᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠬᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠊ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠢ.ᠫ᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠰᠢᠮᠣᠸ᠂ ᠶᠧ.ᠮ᠃ ᠯᠠᠪᠷᠢᠨ᠍ᠻᠣᠸ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠯᠢᠳᠡᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠫᠯᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠫᠯᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠫ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠨᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ== <br /> ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠫ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠫ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠭ᠌ᠮᠠ ᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠪ ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠪ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠬᠥᠵᠦ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠫ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠬᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠧᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠸᠢ᠂ ᠫᠷᠣᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠸᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ <br /> 6᠃ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ==<br /> ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠡᠯᠭᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠷᠧᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠩᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠯᠦ᠋ᠸᠢᠶᠣ - ᠭᠯᠠᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠨᠵᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠹᠯᠦ᠋ᠸᠢᠶᠣ - ᠭᠯᠠᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠨᠵᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠊ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷ᠎᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠥᠰᠥ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠩᠬᠣᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠧᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠧᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠯᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ 2 ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠰᠦᠨᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦ ᠨᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ==ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ==<br /> ᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠪᠲᠦᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠬᠥᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠲ᠋ᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠥᠭᠥᠯ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ-ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ-ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠮ.ᠢ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠣ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠿᠦᠻᠣᠸ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠹᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠻᠼᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠥ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰᠴᠤ ᠳᠡᠨᠵᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠴᠡᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ. &lt;br&gt;<br /> - ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠬᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> - ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠪᠲᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> - ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ===ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ===<br /> ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠰᠦᠨᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠥᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠳᠥᠬᠥᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ <br /> ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠨ᠊ᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠨ᠊ᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠮᠴᠠᠭ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠦᠷᠽᠠᠸᠹ᠂ ᠸᠠᠰᠡᠯᠢᠶᠸᠹ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠨᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠤᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠦ ᠥᠭᠢᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠮᠣᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠸ.ᠠ᠂ ᠣᠪᠷᠦ᠋ᠴᠢᠶᠧᠹ ᠨᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 2 ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠸ.ᠠ᠃ ᠠᠫᠷᠣᠫᠤᠹ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ 6 ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> • 1 ᠪᠠ 2 ᠊ᠳᠦᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • 3 ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠭᠦᠪᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> • 4 ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • 5 ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠨᠵᠢ ᠨ᠊ᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • 6 ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 1. ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ( ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ) ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠻᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨ᠊ᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠪ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> 2. ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ( ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ) ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 2-3 ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠬᠠᠨᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ 6 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠧᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ &lt;br&gt;<br /> • ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠃<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[Файл:Rift01.jpeg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ&lt;br&gt;(rift)]]{{Z}}<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Category:ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%80&diff=1750 2020-12-07T03:24:15Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> {{Dutuu}}<br /> =ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠮᠰᠡᠷ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Meditating_in_urban_environment.JPG|thumb]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> ᠣᠷᠤᠨᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠌ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠦᠩᠭᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠮᠦᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt; <br /> ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ [[Дурдал|ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ]] ᠦᠢᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ (ᠥᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ) ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠨᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:The_Kalm_Kayak_program_at_Guantanamo_-c.jpg|thumb]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠦᠯ=<br /> ᠮᠡᠳᠡ <br /> &lt;br&gt;+ &lt;br&gt;᠊ᠮᠰᠡᠷ <br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Meditation_in_a_yoga_asana_with_namaste.jpg|thumb]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Medemser.png|thumb|360px]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> мэдэмсэр&lt;br&gt;<br /> ухамсар&lt;br&gt;<br /> awareness&lt;br&gt;<br /> consciousness&lt;br&gt;<br /> осознанность&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Category:ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ]]<br /> [[Category: ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&diff=1749 2020-12-07T03:23:04Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;__TOC__<br /> &lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ=<br /> '''ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ''' ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠭ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;&lt;gallery&gt;<br /> Image:Myriad_Amitayus,_the_Buddha_of_Eternal_Life_LACMA_M.83.253.jpg|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠶᠤᠰᠢ<br /> File:Padmasambhava_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠯᠣᠪᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠳᠮ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠤᠩᠨᠠᠢ<br /> Image:Garuda-Feathered_Hayagriva_LACMA_AC1993.190.1.jpg|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠳᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᠤᠶᠤ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠩᠬᠢᠷᠸᠠ<br /> Image:Vajravarahi.JPG|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠫᠠᠭᠮᠣ᠋ &lt;br&gt;ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠦᠯ=<br /> ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ དམར་ཁྲ (ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ dmar khra, ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ marta) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br /> =ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt; [[File:Martan.png|thumb|360px]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> ᠨᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ (ནག་ཁྲ)᠄ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠠ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠡᠲᠠᠨ (ས་ཁྲ)᠄ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠭᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ (དཀར་ཁྲ)᠄ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠄ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠭᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ (ཐང་ཀ)᠄ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= <br /> &lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;<br /> мартан&lt;br&gt;<br /> шүтээн зураг&lt;br&gt;<br /> тангка&lt;br&gt;<br /> thangka&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9&diff=1748 2020-12-07T03:22:50Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Chadwickgobi.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢᠴᠢ&lt;br&gt;Douglas&lt;br&gt;Chadwick&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> {{Taxobox<br /> |name=ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ <br /> |kingdom=[[ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]]<br /> |phylum=[[ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |class=[[ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |order=[[ᠮᠢᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |family=[[ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ]]<br /> |genus=[[Ursus]] <br /> |species= ᠵᠥᠢᠯ᠄ ᠬᠥᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ;&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠠᠳ᠋ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ᠄ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ<br /> |latin=Ursus Arctos Gobiensis<br /> |by = ([[Sokolov]]/[[Orlov]], 1992)<br /> }}<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠴᠥᠯ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠨᠦ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;Ursus &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;Arctos&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;Gobiensis&lt;/span&gt; ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠣᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ-ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠩᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠣᠳᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠊ᠳᠣ ᠴᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ 168 cm᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ 92 cm᠃ ᠵᠢᠩ 90 kg᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠠᠮᠪᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠮᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠰᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ᠂ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠪᠲᠤᠷ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠡᠩᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠢᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠯᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠥᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠢᠬᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠯᠮᠣᠨᠴᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠩᠭᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠴᠡᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb; &quot;&gt;1953&lt;/span&gt; ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;span style=&quot;color:Red;&quot;&gt;ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ&lt;/span&gt; ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠭᠣᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠥᠬᠥᠨ᠃ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB&diff=1747 2020-12-07T03:22:41Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Pallas Cat (Otocolobus manul) (CWPG).jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;Otocolobus&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠲᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠡᠵᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠡᠲᠦ]]{{Z}}<br /> {{Taxobox<br /> |name=ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ<br /> |kingdom=[[ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]]<br /> |phylum=[[ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |class=[[ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |order=[[ᠮᠢᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]<br /> |family=[[ᠮᠢᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ]]<br /> |genus=[[Felis]] <br /> |species=F.manul<br /> |latin=Felis manul/Otocolobus manul<br /> |by = ([[Pallas]], 1776)<br /> }}<br /> ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ 50-60 cm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ 25 cm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 3.6 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠠᠰᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ 1000-4000 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠥᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠃ ᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠊ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋  ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠥᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠥᠩᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠬᠡᠨ᠂ 70-120 ᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ  ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ  ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋  ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ  ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ  ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ  ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ  ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ  ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠳᠠᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠤᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠩ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠣᠲᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠦᠯᠢᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ  ᠊ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠦᠯᠦ  ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠭᠣᠲᠣᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ  ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠭᠣᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋  ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠃ &lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠦᠨᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠳ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠨᠢᠶ᠎ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠨᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> = =<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AF_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%B7_%E1%A0%A8%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%B6%E1%A0%8B%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%AD%E1%A0%B5%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%A2&diff=1746 2020-12-07T03:22:32Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> =ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠢ&lt;br&gt;(ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠸᠽ)=<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Photosynthesis_en.svg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠸᠽ ᠦᠨ&lt;br&gt;᠎ᠲᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠃&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠨᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠦ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠳᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ᠎ᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> '''ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲᠸᠽ''' ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠮᠣᠰᠹᠧᠷ᠎ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠲᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠨᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠬᠥᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ-ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠣ ᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠧᠭ ᠦᠨ phōs (φῶς)᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ sunthesis (σύνθεσις)᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠲᠥ᠋ᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠨᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃ &lt;br&gt;'''ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣ᠋-ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹ''' ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠬᠢ ᠢᠨᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠨᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠲᠥ᠋ᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠦᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ &lt;b&gt;ᠻᠯᠣᠷᠣᠹᠢᠯᠯ&lt;/b&gt; ᠨᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ [[ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ]]᠂ &lt;b&gt;ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ&lt;/b&gt; ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠶᠦ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ‍ᠳᠦᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ &lt;b&gt;ᠻᠯᠣᠷᠣᠫᠯᠠᠰᠲ&lt;/b&gt; ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨᠴᠡᠷ᠎ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠻᠲᠧᠷᠢ  ᠳᠤᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠻᠯᠣᠷᠣᠫᠯᠠᠰᠲ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨᠴᠡᠷ ᠢᠨᠤ ᠫᠯᠠᠰᠮ ᠮᠧᠮᠪᠷᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ&lt;/b&gt;  ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠠᠨᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠬᠢ ᠢᠨᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠌ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠤᠯ ᠎ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠌ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠨ᠌ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Photosynthesis equation.svg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ᠂&lt;br&gt;᠎ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ&lt;br&gt;ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠃]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ  ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥ᠋ᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ᠌᠂ ᠧᠯᠸᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠌ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ‍ᠤᠳ  ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠌ ᠢ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠢᠨᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠻᠣᠲ᠋ᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠳ᠋ ᠠᠳᠧᠨᠢᠨ᠌ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨ᠍ᠦ᠋ᠻᠯᠧᠣᠲ᠋ᠢ᠌ᠳ᠋ (NADPH)᠂ ᠠᠳᠧᠨᠢᠨ᠌ ᠲᠷᠢᠹᠣᠰᠹᠠᠲ(ATP)᠃&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠷ '''ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ''' ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠡᠨᠡ ᠢᠨᠤ '''[[ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠡᠯᠭᠡ]]''' ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠬᠢ  ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ᠂ '''ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ''' ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;br&gt;ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃<br /> {{Horizontal}}[[File:Seawifs global biosphere.jpg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠸᠽ ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;᠎ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ᠃&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ&lt;br&gt;ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ  ᠶᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠽ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠥᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲᠧᠽ ᠦᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠃]]{{Z}}&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠬᠢᠮᠢ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB&diff=1745 2020-12-07T03:19:42Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> ==ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ==<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> [[Файл:History time scale.jpg|750px|thumb|right|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠴᠠᠭ &lt;br&gt;ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt; ]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB&diff=1744 2020-12-07T03:16:55Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/MongolianWikipedia/permalink/1988009144747836 &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;Монгол бичгийн том харагдацтай тигийг (фонт) энэ холбоосоос татаж авна уу&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;__TOC__&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ=<br /> <br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠢᠨ &lt;/span&gt;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ &lt;/span&gt;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠴᠤᠩ&lt;ref&gt;https://mongoltoli.mn/dictionary/detail/22525&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/span&gt;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯ &lt;/span&gt;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ &lt;/span&gt;<br /> !&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠢᠨᠦ᠂&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠠᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠵᠢᠯ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;᠊ᠦᠨ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠮᠥᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;102&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠹᠠᠨᠧᠷᠣᠽᠥᠶ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''(ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ)'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;24&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠾᠣᠯᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Holocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠧᠭᠠᠯᠠᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Meghalayan<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;4.2 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠂ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ CO2 ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;/span&gt;<br /> |0.0042<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠷᠢᠫᠫᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Northgrippian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;8,2 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠾᠣᠯᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ (Holocene) ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ᠃ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |0.0082<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠷᠢᠢᠨᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Greenlandian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠣᠳᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠭᠧᠷᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ (Doggerland)᠂ ᠰᠦᠨ᠍ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ (Sundaland) ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠰᠠᠾᠠᠷᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ (Sahara) ᠴᠥᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨ.᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt; ᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |0.0117<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠯᠧᠶᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Pleistocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠧᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ (Eemian) ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ (Younger Dryas) ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |0.126<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;100 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠃ ᠾᠣᠮᠣ ᠰᠠᠫᠢᠶᠧᠨ᠍ᠰ (Homo sapiens) ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |0.781<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠪᠷᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Calabrian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠾᠣᠮᠣ ᠧᠷᠧᠻ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠰ (Homo erectus) ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |1.8<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠧᠯᠠᠽᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Gelasian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠫᠯᠡᠢᠨᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠼᠧᠨ (Pleistocene) ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠾᠣᠮᠣ ᠾᠠᠪᠢᠯᠢᠰ (Homo habilis) ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠷᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |2.58<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠨᠧᠣᠭᠧᠨ᠍'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠯᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Pliocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠢᠶᠠᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Piacenzian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ (Greenland) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ (Africa) ᠲᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠥᠫᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |3.6<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠽᠠᠨ᠍ᠻᠯᠧᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Zanclean<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠽᠠᠨ᠍ᠻᠯᠧᠢ (Zanclea) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ (Africa) ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠳᠢᠫᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻ (Ardipithecus) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |5.333<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Miocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠧᠰᠰᠢᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Messinian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠧᠰᠰᠢᠨᠢ (Messinia) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠪᠣᠭᠯᠢᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠪ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠱᠣᠷᠪᠣᠭ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ (Antarctica) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠢᠮᠫᠠᠨ᠍ᠽᠧ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ (Africa) ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠾᠧᠯᠠᠨ᠋᠍ᠲᠷᠣᠫ ᠲᠴᠠᠳᠧᠨ᠍ᠰᠢᠰ (Sahelanthropus tchadensis) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |7.246<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠣᠷᠲᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Tortonian<br /> |11.63<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠧᠷᠷᠠᠸᠠᠯᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Serravallian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠳᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯ (Middle Miocene disruption) ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |13.82<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Langhian<br /> |15.97<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠦᠷᠳᠢᠭᠠᠯᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Burdigalian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ 650 ppmv ᠡᠴᠡ 100 ppmv ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠢᠢᠴᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠳᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ (mastodon) ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠭᠦᠶ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |20.44<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠻᠦᠢᠲᠠᠨᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Aquitanian<br /> |23.03<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠭᠧᠨ᠍'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠣᠯᠢᠭᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Oligocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠴᠠᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Chattian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠧᠣᠼᠧᠨ - ᠣᠯᠢᠭᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ (Grande Coupure) ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯ᠃ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ (Antarctic) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |28.1<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠷᠦᠫᠧᠯᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Rupelian<br /> |33.9<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠧᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Eocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠷᠢᠶᠠᠪᠣᠨᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Priabonian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ (Creodonts, Condylarths, Uintatheres) ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠦᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲᠢᠻ (Antarctica) ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠯᠫ (Alps) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠦᠭᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;<br /> |37.8<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠷᠲᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Bartonian<br /> |41.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠦᠲᠧᠴᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Lutetian<br /> |47.8<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠢᠫᠷᠧᠽᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Ypresian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ (PETM ᠪᠠ ETM-2)᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠧᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠽᠣᠯᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ (Azolla event) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ 3500 ppm ᠡᠴᠡ 650 ppm ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ᠊ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠾᠢᠮᠠᠯᠠᠢ (Himalaya) ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |56<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Paleocene<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠾᠠᠨᠧᠼᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Thanetian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠴᠢᠻᠱᠦ᠋ᠯᠦ᠋ᠪ (Chicxulub) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ''K–Pg'' (ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ-ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ) ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠨᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (dinosaur) ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ (ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ)᠃ ᠠᠯᠫ (Alpes) ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |59.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠧᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Selandian<br /> |61.6<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Danian<br /> |66<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;30&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;12&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠳ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠠᠰᠲᠷᠢᠻᠲ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Maastrichtian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;12&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯᠰ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (ammonoidea)᠂ ᠪᠧᠯᠧᠮᠨᠢᠲ (belemnite)᠂ ᠷᠦᠳᠢᠰᠲ (rudist) ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠦᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠢᠷᠠᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ᠂ ᠲᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (Tyrannosaur, Titanosaur)᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠲᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠲᠠᠷ (Eusuchia) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠥ ᠮᠣᠽᠠᠽᠠᠸᠷ (mosasaur)᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠫᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠲᠡᠨ (monotremes)᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠᠲᠠᠨ (marsupials)᠂ ᠢᠬᠡᠰᠲᠡᠨ (placental) ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠭᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠸᠠᠨᠠ (Gondwana) ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ (Rocky Mountains) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠡᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |72.1 ± 0.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Campanian<br /> |83.6 ± 0.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Santonian<br /> |86.3 ± 0.5<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠣᠨᠠᠴᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Coniacian<br /> |89.8 ± 0.3<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Turonian<br /> |93.9<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠼᠧᠨᠣᠮᠠᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Cenomanian<br /> |100.5<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠲᠡ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠯᠪᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Albian<br /> |~113<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠫᠲ᠋ᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Aptian<br /> |~125<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠷᠷᠡᠮᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Barremian<br /> |~129.4<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠾᠠᠦᠲ᠋ᠧᠲᠢᠤᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Hauterivian<br /> |~132.9<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠸᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Valanginian<br /> |~139.8<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠧᠷᠷᠢᠶᠠᠽᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Berriasian<br /> |~145<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠶᠦᠷᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠢᠲ᠋ᠾᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Tithonian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠮᠦᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠧᠨᠧᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢᠲ (benettitale)᠂ ᠼᠢᠻᠠᠳ᠋ (cycad) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠢᠢᠮᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠽᠠᠸᠷᠣᠫᠣᠳ᠋ (sauropod)᠂ ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (carnosaur)᠂ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠭᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (stegosaur) ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠶᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠢᠻᠲᠢᠶᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (ichthyosaur)᠂ ᠫᠯᠧᠰᠢᠶᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (plesiosaur) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠲ᠋ (ammonite)᠂ ᠪᠧᠯᠧᠮᠨᠢᠲ (belemnite) ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠲᠧᠷᠧᠪᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠯᠢᠳ᠋ (terebratulid) ᠪᠠ ᠷᠾᠢᠨ᠍ᠻᠣᠨᠧᠯᠯᠢᠳ᠋ (rhynchonellid) ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠫᠠᠨ᠍ᠭᠧᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ (Pangaea) ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠸᠠᠨᠠ (Gondwana)᠂ ᠯᠠᠦ᠋ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ (Laurasia) ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠧᠸᠠᠳᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢ (Nevada) ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠊ᠳᠠᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ 3-4 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ (1200–1500 ppmv ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠨᠨ᠂ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ+ 400 ppmv ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋)᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |152.1 ± 0.9<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠢᠮᠮᠧᠷᠢᠵᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Kimmeridgian<br /> |157.3 ± 1.0<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠣᠻᠰᠹᠣᠷᠳ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Oxfordian<br /> |163.5 ± 1.0<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠯᠯᠣᠸᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Callovian<br /> |166.1 ± 1.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠲ᠋ᠾᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Bathonian<br /> |168.3 ± 1.3<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠶᠣᠼᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Bajocian<br /> |170.3 ± 1.4<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠯᠧᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Aalenian<br /> |174.1 ± 1.0<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠲᠡ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠣᠠᠷᠼᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Toarcian<br /> |182.7 ± 0.7<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠯᠢᠢᠨᠽᠪᠠᠻᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Pliensbachian<br /> |190.8 ± 1.0<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠢᠨᠧᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Sinemurian<br /> |199.3 ± 0.3<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠾᠧᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Hettangian<br /> |201.3 ± 0.2<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠷᠠᠧᠲᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Rhaetian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠻᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (archosaurs) ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠨᠣᠶᠤᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠢᠻᠲᠢᠶᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (ichthyosaurs)᠂ ᠨᠣᠲᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (nothosaur)᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠫᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (pterosaur) ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠼᠢᠨᠣᠳᠣᠨ᠍᠋ᠠᠲ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠲᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠻᠷᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (Dicroidium) ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠮᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠮᠨᠣᠰᠫᠣᠨ᠍᠋ᠳᠢᠯ (temnospondyl) ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠼᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠲ᠋ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (ceratitic ammonoid) ᠨᠡᠩ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ (teleost)᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ (Andes) ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ.᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠽᠧᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |~208.5<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠨᠣᠷᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Norian<br /> |~227<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠷᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Carnian<br /> |~237<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠠᠳᠢᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Ladinian<br /> |~242<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠨᠢᠰᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Anisian<br /> |247.2<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠲᠡ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠣᠯᠧᠨᠧᠻᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Olenekian<br /> |251.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠢᠨ᠍ᠳᠦ᠋ᠠᠩ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Induan<br /> |251.902 ± 0.06<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;48&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠷᠲᠡ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠣᠫᠢᠩᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Lopingian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠴᠠᠩᠭᠰᠢᠩᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Changhsingian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠫᠠᠩᠭᠧᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠫᠫᠠᠯᠠᠴᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠭᠦᠰᠪᠡᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ ᠊᠊ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠯᠢᠻᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (pelycosaur) ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠᠫᠰᠢᠳ᠋ (synapsid) ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠰᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠫᠠᠷᠠᠷᠧᠫᠲᠢᠯ (parareptile)᠂ ᠲᠧᠮᠨᠣᠰᠫᠣᠨ᠍ᠳᠢᠯ (temnospondyl) ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠊ᠢᠡᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠭᠣᠴᠠᠢᠢᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠡᠨ (gymnosperms) ᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠪᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠴᠣᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤᠷ ᠫᠷᠣᠳᠦ᠋ᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠳ᠋ (productid)᠂ ᠰᠫᠢᠷᠢᠹᠧᠷᠢᠳ᠋ (spiriferid) ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ (brachiopod) ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ᠂ ᠹᠣᠷᠠᠮ (foram)᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (ammonoid) ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠷᠮᠢ  ᠊᠊ ᠲᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯ 251 ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ 95 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ (trilobite)᠂ ᠭᠷᠠᠫᠲᠣᠯᠢᠲ (graptolite)᠂ ᠪᠯᠠᠰᠲᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (blastoid) ᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ (Kunlun) ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |254.14 ± 0.07<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠸᠦᠴᠢᠶᠠᠫᠢᠩᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Wuchiapingian<br /> |259.1 ± 0.4<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠤᠠᠳᠠᠯᠦ᠋ᠫᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Guadalupian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠫᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Capitanian<br /> |265.1 ± 0.4<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠸᠣᠷᠳᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Wordian<br /> |268.8 ± 0.5<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠷᠣᠦ᠋ᠳᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Roadian<br /> |272.95 ± 0.5<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠼᠢᠽᠦ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Cisuralian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠦᠩᠭᠦᠷᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Kungurian<br /> |283.5 ± 0.6<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ᠍ᠰᠻᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Artinskian<br /> |290.1 ± 0.26<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠠᠻᠮᠠᠷᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Sakmarian<br /> |295 ± 0.18<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠰᠰᠧᠯᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Asselian<br /> |298.9 ± 0.15<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠧᠨ᠍ᠰᠢᠯᠸᠠᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Pennsylvanian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠿᠧᠯᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Gzhelian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠣᠭᠴᠤᠮ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠳ (ᠰᠢᠪᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢᠢᠮᠤ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠦᠯᠢ ([[:en:Equisetophyta|equisetum]])) ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠭᠣᠨᠢᠶᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠲ (goniatite)᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ (brachiopod)᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ (bryozoa)᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠰᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠲᠦ ᠹᠣᠷᠠᠮ (foram) ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠤᠷᠠᠯ (Ural) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ᠂ ᠸᠠᠷᠢᠰᠻᠠᠨ (''Variscan'') ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |303.7 ± 0.1<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠰᠢᠮᠣᠸᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Kasimovian<br /> |307 ± 0.1<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠣᠰᠻᠣᠸᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Moscovian<br /> |315.2 ± 0.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠱᠻᠢᠷᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Bashkirian<br /> |323.2 ± 0.4<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠢᠰᠰᠢᠰᠰᠢᠫᠫᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Mississippian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠧᠷᠫᠦ᠋ᠻᠣᠸ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Serpukhovian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠨᠩ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠨᠴᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠩ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠷᠾᠢᠽᠣᠳᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ (rhizodont) ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠵᠣᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ (echinoderm) ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠭᠣᠨᠢᠶᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠲ (goniatite)᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ (trilobite)᠂ ᠨᠠᠦ᠋ᠲᠢᠯᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (nautiloid) ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠸᠠᠨᠠ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;<br /> |330.9 ± 0.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠸᠢᠽᠧᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Viséan<br /> |346.7 ± 0.4<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠦᠷᠨᠠᠢᠢᠽᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Tournaisian<br /> |358.9 ± 0.4<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠳ᠋ᠧᠸᠣᠨ᠍'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠹᠠᠮᠧᠨᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Famennian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠦᠷᠰᠦ (Lycopodiopsid) ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠦᠯᠢ (equisetum)᠂ ᠣᠢᠢᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ (ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ) ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠥᠹᠥᠮᠧᠨᠢᠳ᠋ (strophomenid)᠂ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠫᠢᠳ᠋ (atrypid)᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ (tabulata)᠂ ᠷᠦᠭᠣᠽᠠ (rugosa) ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ (crinoid) ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠣᠨᠢᠶᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠲ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠣᠶᠢᠳ᠋ (goniatite ammonoid) ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠵᠠᠯᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢᠢᠲᠤ (coleoid) ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠰᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ (trilobite)᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ (agnath) ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠫᠯᠠᠻᠣᠳᠧᠷᠮ (placoderm)᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠠᠩ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ (sarcopterygi)᠂ ᠥᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ (actinopterygi)᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ (selachii) ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠯᠠᠰ᠂ ᠠᠫᠫᠠᠯᠠᠴᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠃᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠽᠧᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |372.2 ± 1.6<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠹᠷᠠᠽᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Frasnian<br /> |382.7 ± 1.6<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠢᠸᠧᠼᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Givetian<br /> |387.7 ± 0.8<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠧᠢᠢᠹᠧᠯ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Eifelian<br /> |393.3 ± 1.2<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠲᠡ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠧᠮᠰᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Emsian<br /> |407.6 ± 2.6<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠷᠠᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Pragian<br /> |410.8 ± 2.8<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠣᠴᠻᠣᠸᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Lochkovian<br /> |419.2 ± 3.2<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠯᠦ᠋ᠷ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠷᠢᠳᠣᠯᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Pridoli<br /> | rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ (ᠷᠾᠢᠨᠣᠹᠢᠲ᠋)᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ (millipede)᠂ ᠠᠷᠲ᠋ᠲᠷᠣᠫᠯᠧᠦ᠋ᠷᠢᠳ (Arthropleurid) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠨᠴᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠲ (tabulata)᠂ ᠷᠦᠭᠣᠽᠠ (rugosa) ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ᠂ ᠫᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠳ᠋ (pentamerid)᠂ ᠷᠾᠢᠨ᠍ᠣᠻᠣᠨᠧᠯᠯᠢᠳ᠋ (rhinochonellid) ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ (crinoid) ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ (trilobite)᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠷᠠᠫᠲᠣᠯᠢᠲ (graptolite) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠰᠻᠠᠨ᠍ᠳᠢᠨᠠᠸ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |423 ± 2.3<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠦ᠋ᠲᠯᠣᠦ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Ludlow<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠦᠳᠹᠣᠷᠳ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Ludfordian<br /> |425.6 ± 0.9<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠣᠷᠰᠲᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Gorstian<br /> |427.4 ± 0.5<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠸᠧᠨ᠍ᠯᠣᠻ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Wenlock<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠾᠣᠮᠧᠷᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Homerian<br /> |430.5 ± 0.7<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠱᠧᠢᠢᠨ᠍ᠸᠦ᠋ᠳ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Sheinwoodian<br /> |433.4 ± 0.8<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳᠣᠸᠧᠷᠶ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Llandovery<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠧᠯᠢᠴᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Telychian<br /> |438.5 ± 1.1<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠧᠷᠣᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Aeronian<br /> |440.8 ± 1.2<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠷᠦᠲᠳᠠᠨᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Rhuddanian<br /> |443.8 ± 1.5<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠸᠢᠻ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠾᠢᠷᠨᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Hirnantian<br /> | rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠭᠦᠢᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠵᠡᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠢᠷᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠳ᠋᠂ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹᠣᠮᠧᠨᠢᠳ᠋ (''Orthida'', ''Strophomenida'') ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠰᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠨᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠣᠢᠢᠳ᠋ (nautiloid)᠂ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ (trilobit)᠂ ᠣᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠻᠣᠳ᠋ (ostracod)᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠳᠦᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ (bryozoa)᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ (echinoderm)᠂ ᠭᠷᠠᠫᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠢᠲ (graptolit) ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ (conodont) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠥᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |445.2 ± 1.4<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠠᠲᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Katian<br /> |453 ± 0.7<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠪᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Sandbian<br /> |458.4 ± 0.9<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠷᠢᠸᠢᠯᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Darriwilian<br /> |467.3 ± 1.1<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳᠠᠫᠢᠩᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Dapingian<br /> |470 ± 1.4<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠲᠡ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠹᠯᠣᠶᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Floian<br /> |477.7 ± 1.4<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠷᠧᠮᠠᠳᠣᠴᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Tremadocian<br /> |485.4 ± 1.9<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠹᠦᠷᠣᠩᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Furongian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;10 ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠱᠠᠲᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Stage 10<br /> | rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠻᠧᠮᠪᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠷᠻᠧᠣᠼᠢᠶᠠᠲ᠋ᠠ (Archaeocyatha) ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ (trilobite) ᠂ ᠫᠷᠢᠶᠠᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠢᠳ᠋ (priapulid) ᠥᠲᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ (sponge)᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠡᠨ (brachiopod) ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠃ ᠧᠳᠢᠠᠻᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ 《ᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠰᠠᠮ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ》(Anomalocaridid) ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠲᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠻᠠᠷᠢᠶᠣᠲ (prokaryote)᠂ ᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠥᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠫᠷᠥᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ (protists) ᠊ᠤᠳ᠂ ᠮᠥᠭᠦᠨᠴᠡᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠭᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠠ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠫᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠊ᠦ (Petermann)᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠣᠰᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ (Ross) ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠳᠧᠯᠠᠢᠢᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ (Adelaide geosyncline) ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ 15 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ (ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ 400 ppmv᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦ 6000 ppmv)᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |~489.5<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩᠱᠠᠨ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Jiangshanian<br /> |~494<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠠᠢᠢᠪᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Paibian<br /> |~497<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠢᠶᠠᠣᠯᠢᠩᠭᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Miaolingian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠦᠵᠠᠩ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Guzhangian<br /> |~500.5<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠳ᠋ᠷᠦ᠋ᠮᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Drumian<br /> |~504.5<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠸᠦᠯᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠠ᠊ᠨ᠍&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Wuliuan<br /> |~509<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠰᠧᠷᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Series 2<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;4 ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠱᠠᠲᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Stage 4<br /> |~514<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;3 ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠱᠠᠲᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Stage 3<br /> |~521<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠲᠧᠷᠷᠧᠨᠧᠦ᠋ᠸᠢ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Terreneuvian<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;2 ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Stage 2<br /> |~529<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠹᠣᠷᠲᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Fortunian<br /> |~541 ± 1.0<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠠᠩᠬ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''᠊ᠠ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠠᠩᠬ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''᠊ᠠ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠧᠳᠢᠶᠠᠻᠠᠷᠠ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Ediacaran<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠲᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠧᠳᠢᠶᠠᠻᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠥᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ''Trichophycus᠂'' ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠷᠢᠯᠣᠪᠢᠲ᠋ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠡᠨ (trilobitomorphs)᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ (sponge) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠥᠷ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ (''Dickinsonia'' ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ᠂ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |~635<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠻᠷᠢᠣᠭᠧᠨᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Cryogenian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;《ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ》 ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ᠃ ᠷᠥᠳᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |~720<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠣᠨᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Tonian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠷᠣᠳᠢᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠼᠧᠯᠯᠧᠳᠧᠦ᠋ᠻᠠᠷᠢᠶᠣᠲ (celledeukaryote) ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠥᠷ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ᠂ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ᠂ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠧᠯᠠᠢᠢᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠰᠢᠨᠻᠯᠢᠨᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |1000<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠠᠩᠬ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''᠊ᠠ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠨᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Stenian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠣᠷᠹᠢᠻ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ Sveconorweg ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |1200<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠽᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Ectasian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠹᠣᠷᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠦᠷᠦᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |1400<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠻᠠᠯᠢᠮᠮᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Calymmian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠫᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠹᠣᠷᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |1600<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠷᠲᠡ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠠᠩᠬ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''᠊ᠠ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Statherian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠲᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ᠄ ᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠫᠷᠥᠲᠢᠰᠲ ᠊ᠤᠳ (protist)᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠻᠣᠯᠦ᠋ᠮᠪ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |1800<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠷᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Orosirian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠩᠳᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ Vredefort᠂ Sudbury ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠢᠢᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ᠂ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |2050<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠼᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Rhyacian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠱᠸᠧᠯᠳ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠾᠦᠷᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |2300<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠳᠧᠷᠶ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> Siderian<br /> | colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ᠄ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠊᠊ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (BIF) ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢ ᠊ᠳᠤ 2,440–2,420 Ma ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ Sleaford ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ Gawler ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠻᠷᠠᠲᠣᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |2500<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠬᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠬᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠥᠨᠥ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠻᠷᠠᠲᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |2800<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠬᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠲᠷᠣᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠢᠲ ᠊ᠦᠳ (stromatolite)᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠼᠢᠶᠠᠨᠣᠪᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ (cyanobacteria)᠃ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠲᠦ Humboldt ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |3200<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠷᠲᠡ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠬᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠻᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ (shields/platforms) ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠲᠦ Rayner ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |3600<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠦᠷ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠬᠢ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠲᠦ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠤᠳ (ᠪᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠻᠧ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ)᠃ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠥᠷᠲᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋᠂ 4,000 Ma ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ RNA ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠦ᠋ᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ 4,000 ± 200 Ma ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠫᠢᠶᠧᠷ (Napier) ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠽ (orogeny) ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |~4000<br /> |-<br /> | rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠠᠢᠢᠳ᠋'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠡᠷᠲᠡ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠢᠮᠪᠷᠶ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠹᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠽ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠥ ᠳᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠳ (ᠻᠧᠷᠣᠭᠧᠨ [kerogen] ᠭᠡᠬᠥ ᠮᠡᠲᠥ) ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠥ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠣᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠣ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠥᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠊ᠳᠥ ᠥᠷᠲᠥᠵᠥ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠣᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠨᠥ ᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠪᠠᠳᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠢᠴᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠷᠧᠽᠣᠨᠠᠨ᠍ᠰ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠻᠥᠢᠫᠧᠷ (Kuiper) ᠊ᠥᠨ ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠊ᠳᠥ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠯᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠣᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠊ᠥ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠣᠯᠢᠭ (4,031 to 3,580 Ma)᠃&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |4130<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠨᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠶ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠥᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠳᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠥ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠢᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳ ᠠᠣᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠣᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠣ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ‍᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠨᠡᠭᠥᠷᠡᠰᠥ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠴᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠽᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠫ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠨᠣ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ‍‍ᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠣᠭ ᠊ᠣᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠥ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ &lt;span style=&quot;color:white;&quot;&gt;᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |4280<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠰᠠᠪ'''&lt;/span&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''᠊ᠤᠨ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ (ᠼᠢᠷᠻᠣᠨ 4,404 ± 8 Ma)᠃ ᠲᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠦ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |4533<br /> |-<br /> |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;'''ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ'''&lt;/span&gt;<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ (4,533 - 4,527 Ma) ᠪᠠ ᠠᠤᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ (4,570 - 4,567.17 Ma) ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ (4,680 - 4,630 Ma)᠃&lt;/span&gt;<br /> |4600<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> | colspan=&quot;4&quot; |<br /> |<br /> |}&lt;br&gt;<br /> <br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ=<br /> &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;महायुग &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠮᠠᠾᠠ&lt;br&gt; ᠶᠦᠭ&lt;br&gt; <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt; / &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠶᠡᠬᠡ&lt;br&gt; ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt; supereon &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> युग &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠶᠦᠭ&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt; / &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt; ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋&lt;/span&gt; eon &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> བསྐལ་ཆེན &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ&lt;br&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb;&quot;&gt; / &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠷᠢᠨ&lt;/span&gt; era &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> བསྐལ་པ &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ&lt;/span&gt; period &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> བསྐལ་ཆུང &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠴᠦᠩ&lt;/span&gt; epoch &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> བར་བསྐལ&lt;ref&gt;http://itibetan.org/tibetancount.htm&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯ&lt;/span&gt; age &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;<br /> &lt;br&gt;<br /> =&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'&quot;&gt;ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]<br /> [[Category:ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]</div>

WikiSysop https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA&diff=1743 2020-12-07T03:12:26Z

<p>WikiSysop: Layout</p> <hr /> <div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Sig06-024.jpg|thumb|&lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠊ᠢ&lt;br&gt;Galaxy Evolution Explorer&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠ&lt;br&gt;Spitzer&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃&lt;br&gt;ᠣᠳᠣᠳ ᠊ᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ &lt;br&gt;ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ=<br /> ᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠊ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠰᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠮᠠᠲᠧᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠴᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲᠧᠮ᠃<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Hubble2005-01-barred-spiral-galaxy-NGC1300.jpg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋&lt;br&gt;ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ&lt;br&gt;NGC 1300&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠡᠴᠡ ᠊ᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠾᠦ᠋ᠪᠪᠯ&lt;br&gt;ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠦᠯ=<br /> ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠧᠷᠧᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ γαλάκτινος (《ᠰᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ᠂ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ》 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ) ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠻ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Planet Discovery Neighbourhood in Milky Way Galaxy.jpeg|thumb|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;ᠬᠠᠷᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰ ᠊ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ&lt;br&gt;2000 ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ&lt;br&gt;ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠯᠡ&lt;br&gt;ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋&lt;br&gt;(2014 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋᠋ᠢᠠᠷ)]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ=<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: horizontal-tb&quot;&gt;[[File:Galaktik.png|thumb|360px|<br /> &lt;span style=&quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr; &quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;<br /> =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=<br /> ᠣᠳᠤᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠢ&lt;br&gt;<br /> ᠣᠳᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ&lt;br&gt;<br /> galaxy&lt;br&gt;<br /> оддын ай<br /> <br /> [[Category:ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ]]</div>

WikiSysop