https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%AD_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%8B_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%B2%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A1 2026-06-13T23:13:49Z Вики дэх энэ хуудасны засварын түүх MediaWiki 1.44.0 https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%AD_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%8B_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%B2%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A1&diff=1467&oldid=prev 2020-10-26T10:43:48Z

<p>Layout</p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="mn"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←Хуучны засвар</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">18:43, 26 Аравдугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх засвар</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l4">4-р мөр:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">4-р мөр:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|text=ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠡᠯᠮᠡᠶ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|text=ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠡᠯᠮᠡᠶ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ XIII-XIX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬVI ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩᠰᠡᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠵᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠡᠷ᠎ᠡᠪᠡᠩ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ 《ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ》 ᠍ ᠳᠤ 《1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ 《ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1599 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ 》ᠪᠠᠲᠤ-ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ《 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ 1796-1798 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1803 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 200x250 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ 108 ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 108 ᠍ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠸᠡᠩᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 1718-1719 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ᠂ 1764-1770 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ 1799 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ IV ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠥᠨᠴᠥᠭᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ-ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠡᠢ 200 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 》ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ《 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠪᠣᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ. XIX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ 90  ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ 62 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ XX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ 600  ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠽᠠᠰᠢᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ 1701-1705 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠳᠠᠨᠽᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ 》ᠠᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ《᠂ 1759-1785 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠪᠠᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ 》ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ ᠴᠣᠷᠵᠢ《 ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ 1940   ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ 11 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ XIII-XIX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬVI ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩᠰᠡᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠵᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠡᠷ᠎ᠡᠪᠡᠩ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ 《ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ》 ᠍ ᠳᠤ 《1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ 《ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1599 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ 》ᠪᠠᠲᠤ-ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ《 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ 1796-1798 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1803 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 200x250 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ 108 ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 108 ᠍ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠸᠡᠩᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 1718-1719 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ᠂ 1764-1770 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ 1799 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ IV ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠥᠨᠴᠥᠭᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ-ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠡᠢ 200 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 》ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ《 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠪᠣᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ. XIX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ 90  ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ 62 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ XX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ 600  ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠽᠠᠰᠢᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ 1701-1705 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠳᠠᠨᠽᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ 》ᠠᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ《᠂ 1759-1785 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠪᠠᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ 》ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ ᠴᠣᠷᠵᠢ《 ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ 1940   ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ 11 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ᠰ᠃ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ᠰ᠃ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Ангилал:ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Ангилал:ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋]]</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Ангилал:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Ангилал:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]</div></td></tr> </table>

Jamiyan https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%AD_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%8B_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%B2%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A1&diff=1466&oldid=prev 2020-10-26T10:43:09Z

<p>Category</p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="mn"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">←Хуучны засвар</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">18:43, 26 Аравдугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх засвар</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l8">8-р мөр:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">8-р мөр:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ᠰ᠃ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>ᠰ᠃ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Ангилал:ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ ‍ᠠ᠋]]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Ангилал:ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ]]</ins></div></td></tr> </table>

Jamiyan https://wikibilig.mn/index.php?title=%E1%A0%A4%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%AA%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%AF%E1%A0%AD_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%8B_%E1%A0%8A%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A2%E1%A0%A8_%E1%A0%B2%E1%A0%A1%E1%A0%A6%E1%A0%AC%E1%A0%A1&diff=1465&oldid=prev 2020-10-26T10:41:40Z

<p>Created Article</p> <p><b>Шинэ хуудас</b></p><div>&lt;div style = &quot;writing-mode: vertical-lr&quot;&gt;<br /> {{Image<br /> |Filename=Zespół klasztoru Gandan (34).jpg<br /> |text=ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ&lt;br&gt;ᠮᠡᠯᠮᠡᠶ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ<br /> }}<br /> ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ XIII-XIX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬVI ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠸᠠᠩᠰᠡᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠵᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠪᠡᠷ᠎ᠡᠪᠡᠩ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ 《ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ》 ᠍ ᠳᠤ 《1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ 《ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1599 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ 》ᠪᠠᠲᠤ-ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ《 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ 1796-1798 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1803 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 200x250 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ 108 ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 108 ᠍ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠸᠡᠩᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 1718-1719 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ᠂ 1764-1770 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ 1799 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ IV ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠥᠨᠴᠥᠭᠲᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ-ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠡᠢ 200 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 》ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ《 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠪᠣᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ. XIX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ 90  ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ 62 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ XX ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ 600  ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠽᠠᠰᠢᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ 1701-1705 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠳᠠᠨᠽᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ 》ᠠᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ《᠂ 1759-1785 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠪᠠᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ 》ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ ᠴᠣᠷᠵᠢ《 ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ 1940   ᠊ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ 11 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br /> <br /> =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=<br /> ᠰ᠃ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠨᠦ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ</div>

Jamiyan