Засварлах: ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ

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ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ  ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ‍ᠳᠠᠬᠢ [[ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ|ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ]] ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠩ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ‍ᠳᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ [[OSI загвар|ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ]]<sup>Internet</sup> ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<ref name=":2">Starlink. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/03/05. Starlink. https://www.starlink.com/</ref>
 
ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ  ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ [[ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ|ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ]] ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠲᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<br><br>

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ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠢᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠡᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ  ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 40000 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃<ref name=":0">Michael Kan. What Is Starlink? SpaceX's Much-Hyped Satellite Internet Service Explained. 2022/02/10. PCMag. https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/what-is-starlink-spacex-satellite-internet-service-explained</ref> 

ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ 35786 km ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ  ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ [[Цахилгаан соронзон долгионы хуваарь|ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ]] ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠷᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠢᠢᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ 250 ms ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃  ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ 550 km ᠥᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ<ref>Eric Betz. How do spaceX's Starlink satellites actually work? 2021/06/24. Astronomy. https://astronomy.com/news/2021/06/how-do-starlink-satellites-actually-work</ref>᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ  ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃



ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ Ku ᠪᠠ Ka ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ E ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠍ᠨ᠍ᠠ<sup>antenna</sup> ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>International Bureau. FCC Selected Application Listing. 2022. Federal Communications Commission. https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/ib/forms/reports/swr031b.hts?q_set=V_SITE_ANTENNA_FREQ.file_numberC/File%20Number/=/SATLOA2016111500118&prepare=&column=V_SITE_ANTENNA_FREQ.file_numberC/</ref> 

ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠣᠪᠤᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 260 kg ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠷᠦᠦᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ<sup>router</sup> ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠲᠠᠢ<sup>stanc</sup> ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠍ᠨ᠍ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃



ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 

ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠻᠷᠢᠫᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ᠍<sup>krypton</sup> ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ [[ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ|ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ]]<sup>Hall-Effect Thruster</sup> ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref name=":1">Guest Contributor. What is Starlink and how does it work? 2022/02/02. DigitalTrends. https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/what-is-starlink/</ref>


ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠍ᠨ᠍ᠠ᠂ Wi-Fi ᠷᠦᠦᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃

ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ 50-150 Mbps᠂ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ 50-150 Mbps ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 


ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠌ᠧᠨ᠍ᠨ᠍ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠢᠩᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ‍ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref name=":1" />

SpaceX ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠰᠧᠷ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷlaser ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠧᠢᠢᠲ᠋ᠸᠠᠢgateway ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ‍ᠤᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠣᠯᠨᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠨ ᠻᠠᠪᠧᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠧᠢᠢᠲ᠋ᠸᠠᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ 800 km ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠃

ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷ ‍ᠦᠳ ᠯᠠᠰᠧᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠪᠤᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref>How Do SpaceX's Starlink Satellites Actually Work? 2021/06/28. Discover magazine. https://www.discovermagazine.com/technology/how-do-spacexs-starlink-satellites-actually-work</ref><br><br>
=ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ=
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{| class="wikitable"
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|[[File:Starlink Map 2024.png|align: top|thumb|center]]
|style = "height: 100px;"|ᠰᠲᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠃<br>ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ᠄ https://www.starlink.com/map
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ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ 2022 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠤ 7 ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ 36 ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref>Stan Schroeder. SpaceX's Starlink internet is now available in 32 countries. Mashable. 2022/05/13. https://mashable.com/article/spacex-starlink-32-countries</ref> ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠽᠧᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋᠂ ᠮᠧᠻᠰᠢᠻᠣ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠧ<sup>Chile</sup>᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠮᠢᠨᠢᠻᠠᠨ<sup>Dominican</sup>᠂ ᠪᠷᠠᠽᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠎ᠧᠦ᠋ᠷᠣᠫ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ᠍᠂ ᠰᠧᠷᠪ᠂ ᠪᠣᠰᠨᠢᠢ᠌᠎ᠠ ᠾᠧᠷᠼᠧᠭᠣᠸᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠨᠧᠭᠷᠣ᠂ ᠮᠣᠯᠳᠣᠸ᠂ ᠢᠰᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋᠂ ᠨᠣᠷᠸᠧᠭ᠂ ᠹᠢᠨ᠍ᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋᠂ ᠧᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠥᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref name=":2" />  

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ 2022 ᠣᠨ ‍ᠤ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ 21 ᠳ᠋ᠤ Starlink Services Mongolia ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ SpaceX ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠽᠨᠧᠰ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠠᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ<ref>Baylor University. School of Engineering and Computer Science. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/07/28. https://www.ecs.baylor.edu/index.php?id=962390</ref> Lauren Ashley Dreyer ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>ᠪ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ᠃ ᠧᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠦᠰᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 2022/05/10᠃ https://news.mn/r/2554388/</ref> 

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|style = "height: 100px;"|ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ 4 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ
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ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻᠠ ᠳᠤ Square Kilometer Area (SKA) ‍ᠢᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ 197 ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋<sup>radio</sup> ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠣᠳᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref>Daniel Clery. Starlink already threatens optical astronomy. Now, radio astronomers are worried. Science. 2020/10/09. https://www.science.org/content/article/starlink-already-threatens-optical-astronomy-now-radio-astronomers-are-worried#:~:text=This%20week%2C%20SKA%20released%20an,a%20key%20marker%20in%20cosmology.</ref>

ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠰ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠣᠫᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ<sup>optic</sup> ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ‍ᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠍ ᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 27 ᠍ ᠳᠤ ᠧᠯᠣᠨ ᠮᠦᠰᠻ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃<ref>Stephen Clerk. SpaceX to debut satellite-dimming sunshade on Starlink launch next month. Spaceflight Now. 2020/04/28. https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/04/28/spacex-to-debut-satellite-dimming-sunshade-on-starlink-launch-next-month/</ref> 2020 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15 ᠍ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ Starlink ᠍ ᠦᠨ 200 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 2021 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠍ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ 31% ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ (IAU) 2022 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ Starlink ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<ref>Jeff Foust. New center to coordinate work to mitigate effect of satellite constellations on astronomy. Spacenews 2022/02/05. https://spacenews.com/new-center-to-coordinate-work-to-mitigate-effect-of-satellite-constellations-on-astronomy/</ref>

IAU 2022 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 6 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠰᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠸᠧᠪᠰᠠᠢᠢᠲ᠋<sup>website</sup> ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref>Alexandra Witze. ‘Unsustainable’: how satellite swarms pose a rising threat to astronomy. Nature 2022/05/26. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01420-9</ref>

NASA ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠭ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠦᠰᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃

SpaceX ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ᠂ 210 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠭᠣᠩ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ 400 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃

ᠮᠥᠨ SpaceX ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ Starlink ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ 100000 ᠍ ᠳᠦ 1 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ SpaceX ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃

SpaceX ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠮ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠰᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃<ref>Mark Zastrow. SpaceX defends Starlink over collision concerns. Astronomy 2022/02/25. https://astronomy.com/news/2022/02/spacex-defends-starlink-over-collision-concerns</ref> 

ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠽᠣᠨ<sup>ozone</sup> ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍‍ᠢᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃<ref>Tereza Pultarova. Air pollution from reentering megaconstellation satellites could cause ozone hole 2.0. Space 2021/06/07. https://www.space.com/starlink-satellite-reentry-ozone-depletion-atmosphere</ref> 

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=ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ=
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|style = "height: 100px;"|ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ
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SpaceX ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ‍ᠤᠳ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ᠂ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠠᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠯᠢᠨ᠍ᠻ ‍‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ  ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 50 ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ‍ᠳᠣᠯᠯᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ISP ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠃<ref name=":0" /> 

==== ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ ᠦᠳ  ====
'''OneWeb''' ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ – ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ 2019 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 648 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ 2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃<ref>Jackie Wattles. The race for space-based broadband: OneWeb launches 34 more internet satellites. CNN Business 2020/02/07. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/02/06/tech/oneweb-satellite-internet-launch-scn/index.html</ref> 


'''Hughes Network Systems''' – ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ 


'''Kuiper''' – 2022 ᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ 3236 ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠽᠣᠨ<sup>Amazon</sup> ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠃ 


'''O3b''' / mPOWER – ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ 70 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ. SES ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠻᠸᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ<sup>equator</sup> ᠪᠥᠰᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 


'''Viasat''', Inc. – ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 20 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref>NewSpace Constellations. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/07/03. https://www.newspace.im/</ref>


'''ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ''' ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ – 13000 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<ref>Kartik Bommakanti. The race for mega satellite constellations: Crowding and control in Low Earth Orbit. Observer Research Foundation 2021/05/01. https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-race-for-mega-satellite-constellations-crowding-and-control-in-low-earth-orbit/</ref> 


=ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ=
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ - искусственный спутник - satellite

ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ - радиоастрономия - radio astronomy

ᠣᠫᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ - оптическая астрономия - optic astronomy

ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠢ - телескоп - telescope

ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ - орбита - orbit

ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ - международная космическая станция - international space station 

ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ - солнечная панель - solar panel

ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ - атмосфера - atmosphere

ᠣᠽᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ - озонный слой - ozone layer

ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ - длина волны - wavelength

ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ - частота волны - frequency

ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ - широкая полоса - broad band 

ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ - центр данных - data centre



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=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=
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