"ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
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| (7 дундын хувилбарууд 2 хэрэглэгчид харагдахгүй) | |||
| 1-р мөр: | 1-р мөр: | ||
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=ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ= | =ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ= | ||
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ <ruby> | {{Horizontal}}[[File:Salze Natriumchloridgitter Kugeln.svg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ<br>ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ<br>{{Horizontal}}NaCl{{Z}} ᠦ᠋ᠨ<br>ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ<br>ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]{{Z}}<br><br> | ||
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ | ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ <ruby>ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠣᠨ<rt>cation</rt></ruby> ([[ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ]]) ᠪᠠ <ruby>ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ<rt>anion</rt></ruby> ([[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]) ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<br> | ||
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ | ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}<i>H<sup>+</sup></i>{{Z}} ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}<i>OH<sup>–</sup></i>{{Z}} ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref>[https://byjus.com/chemistry/salts-types-hydrolysis The Learning App Byju's. Salt chemistry. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]</ref><br> | ||
ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions Britannica. Salt. Acid-base reactions. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]</ref>᠄ | ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions Britannica. Salt. Acid-base reactions. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]</ref>᠄<br> | |||
<b>ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ + ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ → ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ + ᠤᠰᠤ</b>< | <dd><b>ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ + ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ → ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ + ᠤᠰᠤ</b></dd><br> | ||
ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋᠄ {{Horizontal}}<i>NaCl</i>{{Z}}᠂ {{Horizontal}}<i>CuCl<sub>2</sub></i>{{Z}}᠃ <br><br> | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋᠄ {{Horizontal}}<i>NaCl</i>{{Z}}᠂ {{Horizontal}}<i>CuCl<sub>2</sub></i>{{Z}}᠃ <br><br> | ||
ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠲᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ <ruby>ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠯᠢᠲ<rt>electrolyte</rt></ruby> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions Britannica. Salt. Acid-base reactions. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]</ref><br> | ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠲᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ <ruby>ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠯᠢᠲ<rt>electrolyte</rt></ruby> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/science/salt-acid-base-reactions Britannica. Salt. Acid-base reactions. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2020/09/22]</ref> | ||
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=ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ= | =ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ= | ||
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ <ruby>ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ<rt>sodium</rt></ruby> ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠂ <ruby>ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ<rt>ammonium</rt></ruby> ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ <ruby> | {{Horizontal}}[[File:Tolbachite-3D-balls.png|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠵᠡᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ<br>ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋<br>{{Horizontal}}CuCl<sub>2</sub>{{Z}} ᠦ᠋ᠨ<br>ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ<br>ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ<br>{{Horizontal}}3{{Z}}<br>ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨᠲᠦ<br>ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]{{Z}} | ||
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ | ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ <ruby>ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ<rt>sodium</rt></ruby> ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠂ <ruby>ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ<rt>ammonium</rt></ruby> ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ <ruby>ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋<rt>chloride</rt></ruby>᠂ ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ) ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ <br> | ||
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ) ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br><br> | |||
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠥᠨ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ᠄<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ {{Horizontal}}NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠻᠠᠯᠼᠢ<rt>calcium</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}Ca<sup>2+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd>ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ {{Horizontal}}Fe<sup>2+</sup><br>{{Mongolian}}ᠪᠠ{{Z}}<br>Fe<sup>3+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠮᠠᠭᠨᠢ<rt>magnesium</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}<br>Mg<sup>2+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠻᠠᠯᠢ<rt>potassium</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}K<sup>+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠫᠢᠷᠢᠳᠢᠨᠢ<rt>pyridinium</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>NH<sup>+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ<rt>quaternary ammonium</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}NR<sub>4</sub><sup>2+</sup><p style="text-align:center;">᠂<p style="text-align:center;">R</p>{{Z}}ᠨᠢ <ruby>ᠠᠯᠻᠢᠯ<rt>alkyl</rt></ruby> ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ <ruby>ᠠᠷᠢᠯ<rt>aryl</rt></ruby> ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ<br> | |||
<dd>ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ {{Horizontal}}Na<sup>+</sup>{{Z}}<br> | |||
<dd>ᠵᠡᠰ {{Horizontal}}Cu<sup>2+</sup>{{Z}}</dd><br><br> | |||
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ (ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ)᠄<br> | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ<rt>acetate</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup>{{Z}} (ᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠻᠠᠷᠪᠣᠨᠠᠲ<rt>carbonate</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup>{{Z}} (ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋<rt>chloride</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}Cl<sup>−</sup>{{Z}} (ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠼᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠲ<rt>citrate</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}HOC(COO<sup>−</sup>)(CH<sub>2</sub>COO<sup>−</sup>)<sub>2</sub>{{Z}} (ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠼᠢᠠᠨᠢᠳ᠋<rt>cyanide</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}C≡N<sup>−</sup>{{Z}} (ᠰᠢᠨᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠹᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠢᠳ<rt>fluoride</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}F<sup>−</sup>{{Z}} (hydrofluoric ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠲ<rt>nitrate</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>{{Z}} (ᠱᠡᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠨᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠲ<rt>nitrite</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>{{Z}} (ᠠᠽᠣᠲ᠋ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd>ᠢᠰᠦᠯ {{Horizontal}}O<sup>2-</sup>{{Z}} | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠠᠲ<rt>phosphate</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>{{Z}} (ᠹᠣᠰᠹᠣᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) | |||
<dd><ruby>ᠰᠦ᠋ᠯᠹᠠᠲ<rt>sulfate</rt></ruby> {{Horizontal}}SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>{{Z}} (ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ)</dd><br> | |||
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=ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ= | =ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ= | ||
| 18-р мөр: | 49-р мөр: | ||
[[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]<br> | [[ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ]]<br> | ||
[[ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ]]<br> | [[ᠱᠦᠯᠲᠦ]]<br> | ||
<br> | |||
=ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= | =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= | ||
{{Horizontal}} | {{Horizontal}} | ||
давс<br> | давс<br> | ||
хүчил<br> | |||
суурь<br> | |||
саармагжуулах урвал<br> | |||
анион<br> | |||
катион<br> | |||
salt<br> | |||
acid<br> | |||
base<br> | |||
reaction of neutralisation<br> | |||
anion<br> | |||
cation<br> | |||
соль<br> | |||
кислота<br> | |||
основание<br> | |||
реакция нейтрализации<br> | |||
{{Z}} | {{Z}} | ||
<br> | |||
=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ= | =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ= | ||
{{Horizontal}} | {{Horizontal}} | ||
[[Category:ᠬᠢᠮᠢ]] | |||
09:38, 14 Арванхоёрдугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх одоогийн засвар
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ Засварлах
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ
NaCl ᠦ᠋ᠨ
ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ
ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠣᠨ (ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ) ᠪᠠ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ (ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ) ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ H+ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ OH– ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[1]
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃[2]᠄
ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋᠄ NaCl᠂ CuCl2᠃
ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠲᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠯᠢᠲ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃[3]
ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ Засварлах
ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋
CuCl2 ᠦ᠋ᠨ
ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠲᠤ
ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ
3
ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨᠲᠦ
ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠨᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ) ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠮᠣᠨᠢᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ) ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠻ᠊ᠯᠣᠷᠢᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠᠼᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ) ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠻᠠᠲᠢᠥᠨ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ᠄
ᠪᠠ
Fe3+
Mg2+
᠂
R
ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠻᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠨᠢᠥᠨ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ (ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ)᠄
ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ Засварлах
ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ Засварлах
давс
хүчил
суурь
саармагжуулах урвал
анион
катион
salt
acid
base
reaction of neutralisation
anion
cation
соль
кислота
основание
реакция нейтрализации
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ Засварлах