ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ

ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ -1 ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃

ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠻᠸᠠᠲᠷᠠᠲ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ -1 ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ (i² = -1) ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃

ᠪᠠᠰᠠ -1 ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠸᠠᠲᠷᠠᠲ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋:

$i={\sqrt {-1}}$

ᠠᠩᠭᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ imaginary unit, ᠣᠷᠤᠰ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ мнимая единица ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠬᠡᠢᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃

ᠬᠠᠯᠨᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ imaginary number ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦᠢ ‍ᠢᠢ ухалдаг тойг (ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ imaginary unit ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ "ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ" ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠵᠠ᠃

ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷ᠂ ${\sqrt {-1}}$ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠨᠦ i ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ -i ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃^[1]

ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ комплексное число ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠰ-ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ  ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ "ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ" (ᠺᠣᠮᠫ᠊ᠯᠧᠺᠰ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃^[2]

ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ

ᠦᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ

ᠦᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ

ᠦᠷᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ

↑ James Tamton. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Facts on File Inc. New York 2005. ISBN 0-8160-5124-0
↑ ᠡ᠊᠂ ᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠤᠰ-ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ᠃ ᠪᠦ᠊᠂ ᠨᠠ᠊᠂ ᠮᠣ᠊᠂ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠤ᠊᠂ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ 1964᠃

[1] James Tamton. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Facts on File Inc. New York 2005. ISBN 0-8160-5124-0

[2] ᠡ᠊᠂ ᠸᠠᠩᠳᠤᠢ᠃ ᠣᠷᠤᠰ-ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ᠃ ᠪᠦ᠊᠂ ᠨᠠ᠊᠂ ᠮᠣ᠊᠂ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠤ᠊᠂ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ 1964᠃

[1]

[2]