ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ (ᠮᠥᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠧᠲInternet ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ; ᠠᠩᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ Internet of Things; ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ IoT) ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢtechnology ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃[1]
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠹᠦᠨᠻᠼ ᠤᠳfunction ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮsystem᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳcomputer ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠮᠠᠷᠻ ᠸᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠽᠧᠷMark Weiser 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠌᠌᠌᠌"21 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ" ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ[2] ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ "ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ" ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨᠡ᠃ "ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠻᠧᠸᠢᠨ ᠡᠱᠲ᠋ᠣᠨKevin Ashton ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[3] "Auto-ID Labs" ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠴᠣᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃[4]
ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ (RFID) ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠻᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠥᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ (Future Internet)[5] ᠍ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ (architecture)
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 4 ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨᠡ᠃
ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ 4 ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠨᠤ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ (Sensing Layer)᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ (Network Layer)᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ (Data Processing Layer)᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ (Application Layaer) ᠶᠤᠮ᠃[6]
ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠄
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ (ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ/ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠫᠠᠷᠠᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠦᠳparameter) ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠄
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ/ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ (gateway)᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ (DAS) ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠪᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ (ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠯᠣᠭ᠌analog ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠯdigital ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ)᠃ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ (malware) ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠄
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠃ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠄
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ 4 ᠦᠶᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠳ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃[6]
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠪᠥᠲᠥᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ (Device Tier᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ (Edge Gate Tier᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ (Cloud Tier) ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠮᠦᠢ᠃
ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠴᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠳ᠌ᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠰᠢᠯ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠳᠠᠷᠲstandard ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠻᠣᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠠᠨᠳ᠋command ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃[7]
ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ (gateway) ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠰᠧᠻᠦᠢᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃[7]
ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃[8]
ᠣᠶᠤᠨ
ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃[9]
ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (ambient intelligence, AmI) ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[10]
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠳ (application) ᠢᠨᠦ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃
ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠶᠤᠨᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠹᠧᠢᠢᠰinterface᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠰᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ (ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ)᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃[11]
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ
ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ᠃
ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨᠲᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ. ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠥ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠬᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠩ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ ᠬᠡᠮᠨᠡᠨᠡ. ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ Nest᠂ Ecobee᠂ Ring᠂ August ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠷᠠᠨᠳ᠋brand ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[12]
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ
ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ. Google᠂ Samsung ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃
ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃[12]
ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ
ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤautomachine ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ Google ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ Tesla ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ Uber ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠠᠦᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ (embedded systems) ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ (Machine Learning) ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[13]
ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ
Amazone ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠣᠨ᠍ᠯᠠᠢᠢᠨonline ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ Amazone ᠲᠦᠷᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠻᠠᠰᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠬᠦᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃[13]
ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃
ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠤᠯᠳᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠴᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨᠡ᠃
ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃[14]
ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠤᠮᠪᠠᠢMumbai ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠯᠾᠢDelhi ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠻᠠᠭᠣChicago ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠶᠤ ᠢᠶᠣᠷᠻNew York ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠧᠨᠧᠵᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲmanagement᠂ ᠬᠣᠭ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠤᠭᠤᠶ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠫᠠᠯᠣ᠋ ᠠᠯᠲᠣ᠋Palo Alto ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠣ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠵᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠲᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠴᠢᠨᠡᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠲᠡ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃[14]
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠰᠡᠯ᠃ Overview of the Internet of things. https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=y.2060 ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/12/11
- ↑ Mark Weiser. The Computer for the 21st Century. 1991. https://www.lri.fr/~mbl/Stanford/CS477/papers/Weiser-SciAm.pdf
- ↑ Kevin Ashton: That „Internet of Things“ Thing. In: RFID Journal. 22. 2009.
- ↑ F. Mattern, Ch. Flörkemeier: Vom Internet der Computer zum Internet der Dinge (PDF; 868 kB). In: Informatik-Spektrum. Vol. 33, No. 2, S. 107–121, April 2010. http://www.vs.inf.ethz.ch/publ/papers/Internet-der-Dinge.pdf
- ↑ CERP-IOT: Internet of Things Strategic Research Roadmap. 15. September 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20120227190246/http://www.grifs-project.eu/data/File/CERP-IoT%20SRA_IoT_v11.pdf
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Architecture of Internet of Things (IoT). https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/architecture-of-internet-of-things-iot ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 2020/06/25
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Techtarget Network. The three tiers of a successful enterprise IoT. systemhttps://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/blog/IoT-Agenda/The-three-tiers-of-a-successful-enterprise-IoT-system ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/12/19
- ↑ Bryan Che. Implementing IoT with a three-tier architecture. 2016/04/06. The Enterprisers Project.https://enterprisersproject.com/article/2016/1/implementing-iot-three-tier-architecture
- ↑ Mohammadi, Mehdi; Al-Fuqaha, Ala; Sorour, Sameh; Guizani, Mohsen (2018). Deep Learning for IoT Big Data and Streaming Analytics: A Survey. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8373692
- ↑ Ivy Wigmore. Ambient Intelligence (AmI). 2021/10 Techtarget Network https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/ambient-intelligence-AmI
- ↑ Recent Advances in Ambient Intelligence for IoT Applications and Services. IEEE Communications Society. https://www.comsoc.org/publications/magazines/ieee-internet-things-magazine/cfp/recent-advances-ambient-intelligence-iot ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/12/21
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Karthe. Ten Real World Applications of Internet of Things (IoT) – Explained in Videos. 2016/08/26. Analytics Vidhya. https᠄//www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2016/08/10-youtube-videos-explaining-the-real-world-applications-of-internet-of-things-iot
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Jyotsna. Ten Major Applications of IoT You Should Know. 2021/03/06. Jigsaw. https᠄//www.jigsawacademy.com/top-uses-of-iot
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Upasana. Real World IoT Applications in Different Domains. 2020/11/25. Eurodeka. https᠄//www.edureka.co/blog/iot-applications