Засварлах: ᠴᠥᠮ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ (хэсэгчилэн)

== ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ==
<br>
{{Image
|Filename=MAST_Tokamak_(32476489303).png
|text=<div style="text-align: left; max-height: 25vh; text-align: left; margin-top: 2vh;">ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ‍ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ<sup>plasma</sup>᠃ 
}}<br>
ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠡᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠾᠧᠯᠢ-3 (He-3) ᠪᠠ  ᠳ᠋ᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ<sup>deuterium</sup> (D) ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ <br>
ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<ref name=":0">https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2018-4769 Stephanie J. Thomas, Michael Paluszek, Samuel A. Cohen, Alexander Glasser. Nuclear and Future Flight Propulsion - Modeling the Thrust of the Direct Fusion Drive. 2018. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/10</ref>  <br>

ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ<sup>electron</sup>᠂ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍<sup>ion</sup> ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ<sup>plasma</sup> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃  <br>
ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠲᠧᠮᠫᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref name=":0" /><br>
ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠻᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ<sup>synchrotron</sup> ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠢ  ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0094576514003154 Yosef S.Razin, Gary Pajer, Mary Breton, Eric Ham, Joseph Mueller, Michael Paluszek, Alan H.Glasser, Samuel A. Cohen. Acta Astronautica. A direct fusion drive for rocket propulsion. 2014. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/12/10</ref><br>

ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ‍ᠳᠦ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠥ᠋ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ (RF)  ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>https://www.psatellite.com/direct-fusion-drive-quad-chart/ Direct Fusion Drive for Solar System Exploration. 2015. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/10</ref> <br>
ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋᠃ <br>
<br>
{{Image
|Filename=U.S._Department_of_Energy_-_Science_-_528_002_001_(9788861274).jpg
|text=<div style = "text-align: left; margin-top: 2vh; max-height: 40vh;">ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ 
}}
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ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠳ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠄
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* ᠳ᠋ᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠢ  + ᠲᠷᠢᠲᠢᠢ<sup>tritium</sup> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">(D + T)</span> ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ:
<br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
<br><br><br><br><br><strong><i><sup>2</sup>H  +  <sup>3</sup>H = <sup>4</sup>He + n +17.6 MeV </i></strong><br>
</span>
<br><br>
ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠷᠪᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ‍ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠳᠠ᠃ <br>ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ‍ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠧ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠍<sup>neutron</sup> ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ  ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠱᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠻᠣᠧᠹᠹᠢᠼᠢᠶᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ<sup>coefficient</sup> ᠌‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃<br>

* ᠳ᠋ᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠢ  + ᠾᠧᠯᠢᠢ-3 ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ:
<br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
<br><br><br><br><br><strong><i><sup>2</sup>H  +  <sup>3</sup>He = <sup>4</sup>He + p +18.3 MeV </i></strong><br></span>
<br><br>
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠪᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br>
ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠾᠧᠯᠢ-3 ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠦᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠃ <br>
ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ᠂ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ‍ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠷᠧᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ<sup>reactor</sup> ‍ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠥᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ <br>

* ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠳ:
<blockquote><br>
ᠳ᠋ᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠦᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ<br><br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
<br><br><br><br><br>
<i><b>D + D —> <sup>3</sup>He + n + 3.3 MeV</b></i>
<br><br>
<b><i>D + D —> T + p+  4 MeV</i></b>
</span>
<br><br>
ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠨᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠃
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ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠳ ᠨᠧᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠍ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br><br>
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">
<br><br><br><br><br>
<i><b>p + <sup>6</sup>Li → <sup>4</sup>He (1,7 MeV) + <sup>3</sup>He (2,3 MeV)</i></b>
<br><br>
<i><b><sup>3</sup>He + <sup>6</sup>Li → 2 <sup>4</sup>He + p + 16,9 MeV</i></b>
<br><br>
<b><i>p + <sup>11</sup>B → 3 <sup>4</sup>He + 8,7 MeV</i></b>
</span>
<br><br>

ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br></blockquote>ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ‍ᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃<br>

ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠤᠨ <sup>ion</sup> ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br>
ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br>
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠮ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠌ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br>
ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ‍ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃  <br>
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