"Ньютоны хөдөлгөөний хуулиуд"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
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(6 дундын хувилбарууд 3 хэрэглэгчид харагдахгүй) | |||
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{{Garchig}} | {{Garchig}} | ||
= | =ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ= | ||
[[File:GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg|thumb|left| | |||
<small>Sir Isaac Newton</small> <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠢᠰᠠᠻ<br>ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ]] | <small>Sir Isaac Newton</small> <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠢᠰᠠᠻ<br>ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ]] | ||
<i>''' | <i>'''ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ'''</i> ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠮᠸᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ '''ᠢᠰᠠᠻ ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ'''<sup><small>saac Newton</small></sup></i> <small>1687</small> ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《'''ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠸᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠳ'''》 (ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ <small>''Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica''</small>) ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ||
==ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ == | |||
== | |||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Cup and Coin Activity-first law of motion.jpg|thumb| | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Cup and Coin Activity-first law of motion.jpg|thumb| | ||
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠭᠴᠣᠮ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ <br>ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ <br>(ᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋) <br>ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ <br>ᠠᠶᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]</span> | <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠊ᠢ ᠣᠭᠴᠣᠮ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ <br>ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ <br>(ᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋) <br>ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ <br>ᠠᠶᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]</span> | ||
ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ | ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃<ref>https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/pasp/Newton_s_Three_Laws_Motion.html</ref> | ||
ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢ <sup><small>inertia</small></sup> ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | |||
== | ==ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ == | ||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Newton's second law 3F=2ma.png|thumb| | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ [[File:Newton's second law 3F=2ma.png|thumb| | ||
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br>ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]]</span> | <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br>ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]]</span>ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃ <ref>http://www.physics4kids.com/files/motion_laws.html</ref> <br> | ||
<var style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><br><br><br><br> F(t) = ma(t) </var> <br>ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭ <small>(0)</small> ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭ <small>(0)</small> ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | |||
<var style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><br><br><br><br> F(t) = ma(t) </var> <br> | ==ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ == | ||
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ | |||
== | |||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Newton's third law 1D.png|thumb| | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Newton's third law 1D.png|thumb| | ||
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br>ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]]</span> | <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br>ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]]</span> | ||
ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠌᠃ <br> | |||
<var style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><br><br><br><br> F = -F </var> <br> | <var style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><br><br><br><br> F = -F </var> <br> | ||
ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ<sup><small>momentum</small></sup> ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰ<sup><small>momentum</small></sup> ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <ref>https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/pasp/Newton_s_Three_Laws_Motion.html</ref> ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ f = ma ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠡᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢᠢᠯᠡ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | ||
=ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= | =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= | ||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"> | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"> | ||
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<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"> | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"> | ||
[[Category:ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ]] |
21:47, 13 Наймдугаар сар 2024-ий байдлаарх одоогийн засвар
ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ
ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠮᠸᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠢᠰᠠᠻ ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨsaac Newton 1687 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠸᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠳ》 (ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica) ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ
ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃[1] ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠢᠨᠧᠷᠼᠢ inertia ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ
ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃ [2]
F(t) = ma(t)
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠭ (0) ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭ (0) ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ
ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠌᠃
F = -F
ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠮᠫᠦ᠋ᠯᠰmomentum ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ [3] ᠨᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ f = ma ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠡᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢᠢᠯᠡ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ
Newton’s laws of motion
Законы Ньютона
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ