08:02, 21 Дөрөвдүгээр сар 2021-ий байдлаарх одоогийн засвар


ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ
ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ
ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ	ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ
ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋	ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ
ᠠᠩᠬᠢ	ᠮᠥᠯᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ
ᠪᠠᠭ	ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ᠄ ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭ᠄ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ
ᠣᠪᠤᠭ	Diplodocidae
ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ	ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ
ᠵᠦᠢᠯ	ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠄ Brontosaurus Excelsus
ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ᠍ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋
Brontosaurus (Marsh, 1877)

ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (ᠭᠷᠧᠢᠭ ᠶᠢᠡᠷ βροντή = ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ + σαῦρος, sauros< = ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ) ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠳᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ Brontosaurus excelsus ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠠᠲᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ Brontosaurus excelsus᠂ Brontosaurus parvus᠂ Brontosaurus yahnahpin ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃

ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ Brontosaurus excelsus ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠢ 15 ᠲᠣᠨ᠍ᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ 22 ᠮᠧᠲᠧᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ. ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋᠍ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠻᠢᠨᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠻ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃

ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠶᠠᠯᠧ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠹᠧᠰᠰᠣᠷ О.C.Marsh 1879< ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠸᠠᠶᠣᠮᠢᠩ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠯᠦ᠋ᠹᠹ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠷᠢᠰᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ. ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠲᠠ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ Brontosaurus excelsus ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠶᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠷᠧᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ excelsus ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ Elmer Riggs 1903 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠻᠣᠯᠦ᠋ᠮᠪ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠥᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠊᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ Apatosaurus excelsus ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ. Riggs ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ Riggs ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ 2015 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ Emanuel Tschopp, Octavio Mateus, Roger Benson ᠨᠠᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ. ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠮᠥᠨᠥᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ 《ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ》 ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠦᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃

ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

Emanuel Tschopp, Octávio Mateus, Roger B.J. Benson. A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393826 (2018 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 30 ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ)
Paul, Gregory S. The Princeton field guide to dinosaurs. https://www.worldcat.org/title/princeton-field-guide-to-dinosaurs/oclc/587248983 (2018 ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ 30 ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ)

ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠥᠽᠠᠸᠷ
динозавр
бронтозавр
апатозавр
диплодок
үлэг гүрвэл
палеонтологи

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-<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><big>__TOC__
+<div style = "writing-mode: vertical-lr;">
-<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Brontosaurus parvus.jpg|thumb|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><big><big>ᠭᠧᠣᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋ <br>ᠮᠤᠵᠢ <br>ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ <br>ᠻᠠᠷᠲᠧᠷᠰᠸᠢᠯᠯ<br> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ<br>ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ <br> ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ <br> ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ]]</span>
+<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Brontosaurus parvus.jpg|thumb|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠭᠧᠣᠷᠭᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋ <br>ᠮᠤᠵᠢ <br>ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ <br>ᠻᠠᠷᠲᠧᠷᠰᠸᠢᠯᠯ<br> ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ<br>ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ <br> ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ <br> ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠢ]]</span>
-ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (ᠭᠷᠧᠢᠭ ᠶᠢᠡᠷ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>βροντή</small></small></small></span> = ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ + <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>σαῦρος</small></small></small></span>, <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>sauros</small></small></small></span> = ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ) ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠳᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Brontosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>excelsus</small></small></small></span>   ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠠᠲᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ  ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢ  ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Brontosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>excelsus</small></small></small></span>᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Brontosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>parvus</small></small></small></span>᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Brontosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>yahnahpin</small></small></small></span> ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃
+{{Taxobox
+|name=ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ
+|kingdom=[[ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]]
+|phylum=[[ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢᠲᠡᠨ]]
+|class=[[ᠮᠥᠯᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ]]
+|order=ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ᠄ [[ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ]]<br> ᠪᠠᠭ᠄ [[ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ]]
+|family=[[Diplodocidae]]
+|genus=ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ
+|species=ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠄ [[Brontosaurus Excelsus]]
+|latin=[[Brontosaurus]]
+|by = ([[Marsh]], 1877)
+}}
+ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ (ᠭᠷᠧᠢᠭ ᠶᠢᠡᠷ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">βροντή</span> = ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ + <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">σαῦρος</span>, <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">sauros<</span> = ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ) ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠳᠢᠨᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Brontosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">excelsus</span>   ᠊ᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠢᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠠᠲᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ  ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠢ  ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Brontosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">excelsus</span>᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Brontosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">parvus</span>᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Brontosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">yahnahpin</span> ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃
 <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Bayankhongor 01.jpg|thumb|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠣᠷ <br>ᠬᠣᠲᠠ <br>᠊ᠢᠢᠨ <br>ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ<br> ᠲᠦ<br>]]</span>
 =ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ=
-ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small> Brontosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>excelsus</small></small></small></span> ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small>15</small></small></span> ᠲᠣᠨ᠍ᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small>22</small></small></span> ᠮᠧᠲᠧᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ. ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋᠍ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
+ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠪᠦᠰᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠡᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷ᠊ᠲᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"> Brontosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">excelsus</span> ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">15</span> ᠲᠣᠨ᠍ᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">22</span> ᠮᠧᠲᠧᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ. ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠊ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋᠍ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠦᠷ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
 ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠻᠢᠨᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠻ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
 =ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋=
 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">
-ᠶᠠᠯᠧ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠹᠧᠰᠰᠣᠷ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>О.C.Marsh</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small>1879</small></small></span> ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠸᠠᠶᠣᠮᠢᠩ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠯᠦ᠋ᠹᠹ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠷᠢᠰᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ. ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠲᠠ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Brontosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>excelsus</small></small></small></span> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠶᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠷᠧᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂  <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>excelsus</small></small></small></span> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠂
+ᠶᠠᠯᠧ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠹᠧᠰᠰᠣᠷ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">О.C.Marsh</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">1879<</span> ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠸᠠᠶᠣᠮᠢᠩ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠣ ᠪᠯᠦ᠋ᠹᠹ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠷᠢᠰᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ. ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠲᠠ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Brontosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">excelsus</span> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠶᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠷᠧᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂  <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">excelsus</span> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠂
-ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Elmer</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Riggs</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small>1903</small></small></span> ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠻᠣᠯᠦ᠋ᠮᠪ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠥᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠊᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Apatosaurus</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>excelsus</small></small></small></span> ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ. <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Riggs</small></small></small></span> ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
+ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Elmer</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Riggs</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">1903</span> ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠻᠣᠯᠦ᠋ᠮᠪ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠽᠧᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠧᠣᠯᠥᠭᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠊᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Apatosaurus</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">excelsus</span> ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ. <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Riggs</span> ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
-ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Riggs</small></small></small></span> ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small>2015</small></small></span> ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ
+ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Riggs</span> ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">2015</span> ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠳᠤ
-<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Emanuel</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Tschopp</small></small></small></span>, <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Octavio</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Mateus</small></small></small></span>, <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Roger</small></small></small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>Benson</small></small></small></span> ᠨᠠᠷ  ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ. ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠮᠥᠨᠥᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ 《ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ》 ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠦᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br>
+<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Emanuel</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Tschopp</span>, <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Octavio</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Mateus</span>, <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Roger</span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">Benson</span> ᠨᠠᠷ  ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠊ᠳᠦ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠊ᠳᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ. ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠮᠥᠨᠥᠬᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠪᠷᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠽᠠᠸᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ 《ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ》 ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠦᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃<br>
 =ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ=
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 Emanuel Tschopp, Octávio Mateus, Roger B.J. Benson. A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393826 (2018 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ</span> 11 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ</span> 30 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">᠊ᠳᠤ</span> <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ</span>) <br>
 Paul, Gregory S. The Princeton field guide to dinosaurs. https://www.worldcat.org/title/princeton-field-guide-to-dinosaurs/oclc/587248983 (2018 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">ᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ</span> 11 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">ᠰᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ</span> 30 <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">᠊ᠳᠤ</span> <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr">ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ</span>) <br>
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-=ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ=
-<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><Comments/></span>
 =ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ=
 ᠳ᠋ᠢᠨᠥᠽᠠᠸᠷ</span><br>
-<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small><small><small>
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 динозавр<br>
 бронтозавр<br>
@@ 31-р мөр: / 41-р мөр: @@
 үлэг гүрвэл<br>
 палеонтологи<br>
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+</span><br>
+[[Category:ᠫᠠᠯᠧᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ‏‎]]