"ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
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| (11 дундын хувилбарууд 3 хэрэглэгчид харагдахгүй) | |||
| 2-р мөр: | 2-р мөр: | ||
= ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ = | = ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ = | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ | |||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | |||
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ <br> | |||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br> | ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br> | ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ | ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃<br> | ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃<br> | ||
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br> | ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃<br> | ||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠢ (ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ<sup>xenon</sup>᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠣᠨ<sup>argon</sup> ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ)᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ | ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠢ (ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ<sup>xenon</sup>᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠣᠨ<sup>argon</sup> ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ)᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<ref>https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/What_is_Electric_propulsion The European Space Agency. What is Electric Propulsion? ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/19</ref> | ||
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ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠲ᠋ᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠦᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠣᠳᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃<ref>https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=13405813666529688188&hl=en&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5 Laser-Powered Interstellar Probe. G Landis - APS Bulletin, 1991. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/25</ref> | |||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠯᠠᠽᠧᠷ<sup>laser</sup> ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<br><br> | |||
==ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ== | ==ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ== | ||
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|Filename=Electrostatic_ion_thruster-en.svg | |Filename=Electrostatic_ion_thruster-en.svg | ||
|Text=ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ | |Text=ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ᠃ <br>ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ NASA | ||
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ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠳ᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ||
ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ||
| 24-р мөр: | 34-р мөр: | ||
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ<sup>gridded ion engine</sup> ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ<sup>xenon</sup> ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ<sup>gridded ion engine</sup> ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ<sup>xenon</sup> ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ||
ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ | ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠻᠠᠲᠣᠳ᠋ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ<sup>electron</sup> ᠧᠮᠢᠰᠰ<sup>emission</sup> ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ||
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋<sup>anode</sup> ᠪᠠᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠧᠯᠡᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ<sup>atom</sup> ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ<sup>plasma</sup> ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ (+) ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ [[ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ|ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]] ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ (+) ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ [[ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ|ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]] ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ||
| 32-р мөр: | 42-р мөр: | ||
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ [[Ньютоны хөдөлгөөний хуулиуд#ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ|ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]] ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ [[Ньютоны хөдөлгөөний хуулиуд#ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ|ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ]] ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | ||
ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ | ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠱᠦᠷᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070915023928/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/fs08grc.html NASA. Innovative Engines. | ||
Glenn Ion Propulsion Research Tames the Challenges of 21st Century Space Travel. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24</ref> | Glenn Ion Propulsion Research Tames the Challenges of 21st Century Space Travel. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24</ref> | ||
| 38-р мөр: | 48-р мөр: | ||
ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠤᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ <ref name=":0">https://epic-src.eu/wp-content/uploads/06_EPICLectureSeries2017_QinetiQ_GIE_EPIC-Lecture-Series-2017.pdf Jaime Perez Luna. Gridded IOn Engines. 2017. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24</ref> | ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠤᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ <ref name=":0">https://epic-src.eu/wp-content/uploads/06_EPICLectureSeries2017_QinetiQ_GIE_EPIC-Lecture-Series-2017.pdf Jaime Perez Luna. Gridded IOn Engines. 2017. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24</ref> | ||
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄ | ||
ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ SERT I (Space Electric Rocket Test I)᠂ | ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ SERT I (Space Electric Rocket Test I)᠂ | ||
| 44-р мөр: | 54-р мөр: | ||
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ Метеор ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref name=":0" /> <br>᠋<br> | ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ Метеор ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref name=":0" /> <br>᠋<br> | ||
==ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ== | ==ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ== | ||
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|Text=ᠪᠣᠷᠲᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠰᠦᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | |||
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ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ<sup>Hall-Effect Thruster</sup> ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋<sup>anode</sup>᠂ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ<sup>plasma</sup> ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋<sup>cathode</sup> ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋᠋᠃<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/hall-thrusters ScienceDirect. Hall Thrusters. 2018. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24</ref> | |||
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠬᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | |||
ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref>https://www.permanent.com/space-transportation-electric.html#how-russ Electric Propulsion for Inter-Orbital Vehicles. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/25</ref> | |||
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋ (ᠣᠭᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼ<sup>Lorentz</sup> ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ)᠃ | |||
ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | |||
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | |||
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref>Ходоненко, В. П., Хромов А. В. Корректирующие двигательные установки для малого космического аппарата // Вопросы электромеханики. — 2009.</ref> | |||
ᠡᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃ <br><br> | |||
==ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ== | ==ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ== | ||
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ - gridded ion engine (GIE) - электростатический ионный двигатель <br> | |||
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ - gridded ion engine (GIE) - электростатический ионный двигатель | |||
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ - electric propulsion - электрическая тяга | |||
ᠢᠥᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ - ionisation - ионизация | |||
ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ - acceleration - ускорение | |||
ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ - neutralisation - нейтрализация | |||
ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ - Hall-effect thruster - двигатель на эффекте Холла | |||
ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ - plasma chamber - плазменная камера<br> | |||
<br><br> | <br><br> | ||
==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ== | ==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Ангилал:ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ]] | [[Ангилал:ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ]] | ||
[[Ангилал:ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]] | [[Ангилал:ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ]] | ||
11:16, 27 Нэгдүгээр сар 2021-ий байдлаарх одоогийн засвар
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠢ (ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨxenon᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠣᠨargon ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ)᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[1]
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠲ᠋ᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠦᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠢᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠣᠳᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃[2]
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠯᠠᠽᠧᠷlaser ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]
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ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠳ᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷgridded ion engine ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨxenon ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠻᠠᠲᠣᠳ᠋ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨelectron ᠧᠮᠢᠰᠰemission ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋anode ᠪᠠᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠧᠯᠡᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮatom ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠplasma ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ (+) ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠱᠦᠷᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[3]
ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠤᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ [4]
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ᠄
ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ SERT I (Space Electric Rocket Test I)᠂
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ Метеор ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[4]
᠋
ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]
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ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷHall-Effect Thruster ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋anode᠂ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠplasma ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋cathode ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋᠋᠃[5]
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠬᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[6]
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋ (ᠣᠭᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠯᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠼLorentz ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ)᠃
ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[7]
ᠡᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠃
ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ - gridded ion engine (GIE) - электростатический ионный двигатель
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ - electric propulsion - электрическая тяга
ᠢᠥᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ - ionisation - ионизация
ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ - acceleration - ускорение
ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ - neutralisation - нейтрализация
ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ - Hall-effect thruster - двигатель на эффекте Холла
ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ - plasma chamber - плазменная камера
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]
- ↑ https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/What_is_Electric_propulsion The European Space Agency. What is Electric Propulsion? ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/19
- ↑ https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=13405813666529688188&hl=en&as_sdt=2005&sciodt=0,5 Laser-Powered Interstellar Probe. G Landis - APS Bulletin, 1991. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/25
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070915023928/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/fs08grc.html NASA. Innovative Engines. Glenn Ion Propulsion Research Tames the Challenges of 21st Century Space Travel. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 https://epic-src.eu/wp-content/uploads/06_EPICLectureSeries2017_QinetiQ_GIE_EPIC-Lecture-Series-2017.pdf Jaime Perez Luna. Gridded IOn Engines. 2017. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24
- ↑ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/hall-thrusters ScienceDirect. Hall Thrusters. 2018. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24
- ↑ https://www.permanent.com/space-transportation-electric.html#how-russ Electric Propulsion for Inter-Orbital Vehicles. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/25
- ↑ Ходоненко, В. П., Хромов А. В. Корректирующие двигательные установки для малого космического аппарата // Вопросы электромеханики. — 2009.