"ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд

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(Хэрэглэгчид 17 дундын хувилбарууд харагдахгүй)
1-р мөр: 1-р мөр:
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= ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ =
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ᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ
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|style = "height: 90px;"|ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠠᠢᠢᠵᠠ
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== ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ==
ᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ
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== ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ==
ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ
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== ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ==
ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ‘Phagspa (<big>འཕགས་པ</big>) ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠲᠠᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢДөрвөлжин бичиг


Мөнх хаан нас барж Хубилай, Аригбөх нар өөрсдийгөө Монголын их хаанаар зэрэг өргөмжлөн, Аригбөхийн тэмцэл эцэс болсон 1265 онд Хубилай өөрийгөө Монгол улсын хаан төдийгүй хятадын хаан ширээг зүй ёсоор залгамжлагч хэмээн үзэж улсын нэрийг Их Юань улс гэж өөрчилжээ. Хубилай хаан их гүрний төрийг 35 жил барьж, төр ёсны шинэтгэл, монголын нийгмийн сэтгэлгээний түүхэнд ертөнцийн засаг, номын засгийг тэгш явуулах зорилго бүхий хоёр ёсны номлолыг буй болгосон. Тэрээр төрөө төвхнүүлэх, харийн улсыг эзлэн захирах олон үйлийг зэрэгцүүлэхийн хамт бичиг соёлд анхаарч,  Бээжингийн хойд талд байгуулсан Ханбилиг (хааны хот) буюу Дайду (Их нийслэл) хотод улсын судар, шаштир зохиох хүрээлэн хэмээх монгол, хятад монгол, хятад, перс, төвд зэрэг олон үндэстний түүхчдийг оролцуулсан тусгай байгууллагыг 1264 онд Хубилай хааны зарлигаар анх байгуулжээ.
ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ 1262 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃


Дөрвөлжин бичгийг Хубилай хаан улсын багш Пагба лам Лодойжалцангаар зохиолгож, их Юань гүрний бүрэлдэхүүнд багтсан бүх улс үндэстний бичиг болгохыг зорьжээ. Учир нь XIII зууны сүүлийн хагаст тогтсон улс гүрний доторх олон овог аймгуудын хэл аялгууг адил тэгш тэмдэглэх “олон улс дундын” бичгийн хэлтэй болох гэсэн эзэнт гүрний бодлого давамгайлж байв. Лодойжалцан бол  таван ухаанд мэргэшсэн бандида Гунгаажалцангийн ач хүү юм. Өгөдэй хааны хүү Годан ноёны урилгаар  бандида Гунгаажалцан Хөх нуурт ирж монгол бичгийн анхны хэл зүй “Зүрхэн тольт”-ыг зохиох үедээ ач хүү Лодойжалцангаа дагуулан ирж байжээ. Хувилай хаан Пагба лам Лодойжалцанг 1253 онд залж ирүүлсэн. Пагба лам Монголын дөрвөлжин бичиг хэмээх шинэ үгсийг 9 жилийн туршид зохиож дуусаад, дөрвөлжин үсгийн анхны сургуулийг өөрөө гардан явуулж байв. Дөрвөлжин бичиг нь төвөд, санскрит үсэгт тулгуурлан нийт 44 үсэг бүхий авианы цагаан толгойт бичиг бөгөөд монгол үг тэмдэглэх үсэг 28-аас хэтрэхгүй, үлдсэн үсгийг харь үг бичихэд ашигладаг байна.  Хубилай хаан 1269 онд  дөрвөлжин бичгийг гүрэн даяар хэрэглэх тухай зарлиг гарган “Би санасваас үсгээр үгийг бичмүй. Үгээр хэргийг тэмдэглэмүй. Энэ нь эрт ба өдгөөгийн нэвтэрхий хууль болой. Манай улс умард газар тулгар байгуулсан тул суртал нь хэмжээиэй, эртнийг эрхлэх тул дүрэм тогтоол үүсгэж завдсангүй. Аливаа хэрэглэх үсэг бичиг нь хятадын хичээнгүйлэх ба жил уйгар үсгийг хэрэглэж, манай улсын үгийг нэвтрүүлжүхүй... Үүнээс хойш аливаа хас тамга дарж, бичиг тархаан буулгахад монголын шинэ үсгийг хэрэглэж басхүү хамтаар тус тусад нь түүний улсын үсэг бичгийг хавсруулагтун” (Д.Чойжалсүрэн. Монгол дөрвөлжин үсэг. Уб., 1974) хэмээсэн байдаг. Юань улсын бүх 169 замд дөрвөлжин бичиг заах улсын тусгай сургууль байгуулж, голдуу монгол ноёд, түшмэдийн хөвгүүдийг сонгон сургаж, 1275 онд дөрвөлжин бичгийн хэрэг эрхэлсэн эрдмийн тусгай хүрээлэн ажиллуулж байв.
ᠮᠥᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠵᠠᠷ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃


Дөрвөлжин үсгийн судлалаар гарсан анхны эрдэм шинжилгээний бүтэээл бол Германы эрдэмтэн Х.К. Габеленцийн 1839 онд хэвлүүлсэн “Эртний Монголын нэгэн бичээсийн тухай” хэмээх өгүүлэл. Үүнээс хойш Г.Потье, А.Уайлт, А.М.Позднеев, И.Г.Рамстедт гэх зэрэг олон эрдэмтний судалгааны бүтээлүүд гарчээ. Монголын эрдэмтдээс  дөрвөлжин үсгийн талаар нухацтай судалгаа хийсэн хүн бол академич Ш. Лувсанвандан бөгөөд тэрээр “Дөрвөлжин үсгийн дурсгалын зүйлийг үзэхэд Пагба лам тэр цагийн монгол  ярианы хэлний авиа зүйг сайн ажигласан төдийгүй уйгаржин монгол бичгийн систем, зөв бичих дүрмийг сайн судалж байж зохиосон болох нь илэрхий байна” гэжээ. Дөрвөлжин үсгийн судлалд зохих хувь нэмэр оруулсан эрдэмтэд бол академич Д.Төмөртогоо, доктор Ц.Шагдарсүрэн, Х.Лувсанбалдан, Ж.Пэрлээ, Ж.Надмид, А.Дамдинсүрэн, Ё.Жанчив нар юм.
ᠲᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ "ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ"᠂ ‘Phagspa ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ "ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ "ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃


Эх сурвалж: Л.Чулуунбаатар. Нүүдэлчин Монголчуудын бичиг үсгийн соёл номоос товчлон авч, бусад мэдэллийг нэмж оруулав.
 
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==ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ==
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|[[File:Subhasitaratnanidhi (Treasury of Good Sayings), Mongolian translation in phags pa (square script), Khocho, 13th-14th century AD, woodblock print on paper - Ethnological Museum, Berlin - DSC01797.JPG|thumb|center]]
|style = "height: 90px;"|ᠰᠠ᠋ ᠰᠺᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠲᠢᠷ <br><br><span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ལེགས་པར་<br>བཤད་པ་<br>རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་<br>བསྟན་བཅོས་<br>བཞུགས་སོ།</big>
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ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠯᠣᠳᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃
 
ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ XIII ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ "ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ" ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃
 
ᠯᠣᠳᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠣᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ "ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠲᠠ" ᠍ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠯᠣᠳᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃
 
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠯᠣᠳᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢ 1253 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ 9 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃
 
ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 44 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ 28 ᠍ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
 
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1269 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ "ᠪᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠦᠢ᠃
 
ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃
 
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃
 
ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
 
ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠁ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃
 
ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠲᠤᠨ"<ref>ᠳ᠋᠊᠂ ᠴᠣᠢᠢᠵᠠᠯᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ᠃ 1974</ref> ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
 
ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ 169 ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1275 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃
 
ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠬᠢᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠪᠠᠯᠢᠭ (ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ) ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠤ (ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ) ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ᠂ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ 1264 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
 
 
==ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ==
<br>
{| class="wikitable"
|[[File:MongolianScripts.JPG|thumb|center]]
|style = "height: 110px;"|ᠴᠣᠢᠢᠵᠤᠩ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠦ ‍ᠳ᠌᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ
|}
 
 
ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠬ.ᠺ᠃ ᠭᠠᠪᠧᠯᠧᠨᠼ ᠤᠨ 1839 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ᠃
 
ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢ ᠭ ∙ ᠫᠣᠲᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠸᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠮ ∙ ᠫᠣᠽᠲᠨᠧᠶᠧᠹ᠂ ᠢ᠊ ∙ ᠭ ∙ ᠷᠠᠮᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠲᠲ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠴᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠺᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠱ᠃ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠸᠠᠩᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ "ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠪᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ" ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
 
ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠺᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠳ ∙ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠲᠣᠭᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠺᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠼ ∙ ᠱᠠᠭᠳᠤᠷᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠬ ∙ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠪᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵ ∙ ᠫᠷᠯᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵ ∙ ᠨᠠᠳᠮᠢᠳ᠂ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠳᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠶᠣ᠊ ∙ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠤᠪ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃<ref>ᠯ᠊᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ᠃ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ</ref>
 
 
==ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ==
<br>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ
!ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ
!ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ
!ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋
!ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ
!ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋
|-
|ꡀ
|ᠭᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཀ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ka
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">k
|ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ "ᠶᠡᠬᠡ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠪ᠌᠋
|-
|ꡁ
|ᠬᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཁ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">kha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">kh
|ᠬᠡᠨ
|-
|ꡂ
|ᠭᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ག</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ga
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">g
|ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ
|-
|ꡃ
|ᠩ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ང</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">nga
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ng
|ᠲᠡᠩᠷᠢ
|-
|ꡄ
|ᠵ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཅ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ca
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">c
|
|-
|ꡅ
|ᠴ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཆ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">cha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ch
|ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡆ
|ᠵ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཇ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ja
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">j
|ᠵᠢᠯ
|-
|ꡇ
|ᠨᠢ ‍ᠠ᠋
ᠨᠢᠠ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཉ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">nya
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ny
|
|-
|ꡈ
|ᠳᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"> <big>ཏ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ta
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">t
|"ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠰ
|-
|ꡉ
|ᠲᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཐ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">th
|ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ
|-
|ꡊ
|ᠳᠠ᠊
ᠳ᠋ᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ད</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">da
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">d
|ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠ
|-
|ꡋ
|ᠨᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ན</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">na
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">n
|ᠮᠠᠨᠤ
|-
|ꡌ
|ᠪᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>པ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">pa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">p
|ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡍ
|ᠫᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཕ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">pha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ph
|
|-
|ꡎ
|ᠪᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>བ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ba
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">b
|ᠪᠠᠰᠠ
|-
|ꡏ
|ᠮᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>མ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ma
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">m
|ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡐ
|ᠼᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཙ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tsa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ts
|
|-
|ꡑ
|ᠱᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཚ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tsha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tsh
|ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ
|-
|ꡒ
|ᠽᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཛ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">dza
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">dz
|
|-
|ꡓ
|ᠸᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཝ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">wa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">w
|ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠸᠴᠢᠷ
|-
|ꡔ
|ᠱᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཞ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">zha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">zh
|
|-
|ꡕ
|ᠰᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཟ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">za
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">z
|ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ "ᠰᠠᠷᠠ/ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ
|-
|ꡖ
|᠊ᠠ᠊
᠊ᠠ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>འ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><nowiki>-A</nowiki>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><nowiki>-</nowiki>
|ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡗ
|ᠶᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཡ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ya
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">y
|ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡘ
|ᠷᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ར</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ra
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">r
|ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ
|-
|ꡙ
|ᠯᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ལ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">la
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">l
|ᠠᠯᠪᠠ
|-
|ꡚ
|ᠰᠢ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཤ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">sha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">sh
|ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋
|-
|ꡛ
|ᠰᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ས</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">sa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">s
|ᠡᠴᠦᠰ
|-
|ꡜ
|ᠾᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཧ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">h
|ᠦᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ᠄ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡝ
|ᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཨ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'A
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'
|ᠦᠯᠦ
|-
|ꡞ
|ᠢ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ི</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">i
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">i
|<nowiki>-i hee -een</nowiki>
|-
|ꡟ
|ᠤ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ུ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">u
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">u
|ᠤᠰᠤᠨ
|-
|ꡠ
|ᠡ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ེ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">e
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">e
|ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ
|-
|ꡡ
|ᠣ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ོ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">o
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">o
|ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠴᠠ
|-
|ꡢ
|ᠬᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཁ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">qa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">q
|ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ
|-
|ꡣ
|ᠬᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཁྭ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">xa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">x
|ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ
|-
|ꡤ
|ᠾᠸᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཧྭ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">fa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">f
|
|-
|ꡥ
|ᠭᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ག</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">gga
|
|
|-
|ꡦ
|᠊ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠡ᠋
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཻ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ee
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ee
|ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ
|-
|ꡧ
|᠊ᠸᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ྭ</big>
|ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">wa
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">w
|
|-
|ꡨ
|᠊ᠶᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ྱ</big>
|ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ya
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">y
|
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align:center;"|'''ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ'''
|-
|ꡩ
|ᠲᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཊ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tta
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tt
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">षट् <br>पारमिता
|-
|ꡪ
|ᠲᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཋ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ttha
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">tth
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">प्रतिष्ठित
|-
|ꡫ
|ᠳ᠋ᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ཌ</big>
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">dda
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">dd
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">दण्डय
|-
|ꡬ
|ᠨᠠ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ཎ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">nna
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">nn
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">पुण्य; <br>उष्णीष
|-
|ꡱ
|᠊ᠷ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ྲ</big>
|ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ra
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">r
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">मुद्रा
|-
|ꡲ
|ᠷ᠊
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ར</big>
|ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">ra
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">r
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>སངས་རྒྱས</big>
|-
|ꡳ
|ᢀ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;"><big>ྃ</big>
|ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠨᠲᠦ
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">^
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">संहत
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
 
==ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ==
ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ Unicode ‍ᠤᠨ U+A840 ᠡᠴᠡ U+A87F ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ‍ᠡ᠋ 64 ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠲᠦ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃<ref>[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/UA840.pdf Phags-pa. Range U+A840 ... U+A87F]</ref>
<br>
<br>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''U+A84x'''
!<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''U+A85x'''
!<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''U+A86x'''
!<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''U+A87x'''
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''0'''
|ꡀ
|ꡐ
|ꡠ
|ꡰ
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''1'''
|ꡁ
|ꡑ
|ꡡ
|ꡱ
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''2'''
|ꡂ
|ꡒ
|ꡢ
|ꡲ
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''3'''
|ꡃ
|ꡓ
|ꡣ
|ꡳ
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''4'''
|ꡄ
|ꡔ
|ꡤ
|꡴
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''5'''
|ꡅ
|ꡕ
|ꡥ
|꡵
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''6'''
|ꡆ
|ꡖ
|ꡦ
|꡶
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''7'''
|ꡇ
|ꡗ
|ꡧ
|꡷
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''8'''
|ꡈ
|ꡘ
|ꡨ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''9'''
|ꡉ
|ꡙ
|ꡩ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''A'''
|ꡊ
|ꡚ
|ꡪ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''B'''
|ꡋ
|ꡛ
|ꡫ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''C'''
|ꡌ
|ꡜ
|ꡬ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''D'''
|ꡍ
|ꡝ
|ꡭ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''E'''
|ꡎ
|ꡞ
|ꡮ
|
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb;">'''F'''
|ꡏ
|ꡟ
|ꡯ
|
|}
 
 
 
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ MS WIndows 10 ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 
 
ᠮᠥᠨ Microsoft PhagsPa ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠹᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ MS WIndows 10 ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃
 
Macintosh ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠹᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃
 
ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ [[ᠮᠦᠯᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠢᠩ 0]] ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ (Android ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ) ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃ <br>ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ Android ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ Unicode ᠹᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br>
{| class="wikitable"
|[[File:Phagspa Win 10.JPG|thumb|center]]
|style = "height: 110px;"|MS WIndows 10 ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ‍ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ
|}
 
 
==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ==

14:18, 4 Тавдугаар сар 2021-ий байдлаарх одоогийн засвар

 ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ‍ᠦ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠫᠠᠢᠢᠵᠠ


ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠭᠠᠷᠳᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃

ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ‘Phagspa (འཕགས་པ) ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃

ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ 1262 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃

ᠮᠥᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠵᠠᠷ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃

ᠲᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ "ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ"᠂ ‘Phagspa ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ "ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ "ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃



ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]


 ᠰᠠ᠋ ᠰᠺᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠲᠢᠷ

ལེགས་པར་
བཤད་པ་
རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་
བསྟན་བཅོས་
བཞུགས་སོ།


ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠯᠣᠳᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ XIII ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ "ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ" ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃

ᠯᠣᠳᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠣᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ "ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠲᠠ" ᠍ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠯᠣᠳᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ‍ᠢ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠯᠣᠳᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠢ 1253 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ 9 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃

ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 44 ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ 28 ᠍ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃

ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1269 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ "ᠪᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠦᠢ᠃

ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃

ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃

ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃

ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ᠁ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃

ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠰᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠲᠤᠨ"[1] ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃

ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ 169 ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1275 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃

ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠬᠢᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠪᠠᠯᠢᠭ (ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ) ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠤ (ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ) ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠳᠢᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ᠂ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ 1264 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃


ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]


 ᠴᠣᠢᠢᠵᠤᠩ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠦ ‍ᠳ᠌᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ


ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠬ.ᠺ᠃ ᠭᠠᠪᠧᠯᠧᠨᠼ ᠤᠨ 1839 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠯ᠃

ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢ ᠭ ∙ ᠫᠣᠲᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠸᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳ᠋᠂ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠮ ∙ ᠫᠣᠽᠲᠨᠧᠶᠧᠹ᠂ ᠢ᠊ ∙ ᠭ ∙ ᠷᠠᠮᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠲᠲ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠴᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠺᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠱ᠃ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠸᠠᠩᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ "ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠪᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ" ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃

ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠺᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠳ ∙ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠲᠣᠭᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠺᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠼ ∙ ᠱᠠᠭᠳᠤᠷᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠬ ∙ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠪᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵ ∙ ᠫᠷᠯᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵ ∙ ᠨᠠᠳᠮᠢᠳ᠂ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠳᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠶᠣ᠊ ∙ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠤᠪ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃[2]


ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]


ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋
ꡀ ᠭᠠ᠊ ཀ ka k ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ "ᠶᠡᠬᠡ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠬᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠪ᠌᠋
ꡁ ᠬᠠ᠊ ཁ kha kh ᠬᠡᠨ
ꡂ ᠭᠠ᠊ ག ga g ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ
ꡃ ᠩ ང nga ng ᠲᠡᠩᠷᠢ
ꡄ ᠵ ཅ ca c
ꡅ ᠴ ཆ cha ch ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ
ꡆ ᠵ ཇ ja j ᠵᠢᠯ
ꡇ ᠨᠢ ‍ᠠ᠋

ᠨᠢᠠ

ཉ nya ny
ꡈ ᠳᠠ᠊ ཏ ta t "ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠰ
ꡉ ᠲᠠ᠊ ཐ tha th ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ
ꡊ ᠳᠠ᠊

ᠳ᠋ᠠ᠊

ད da d ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠ
ꡋ ᠨᠠ᠊ ན na n ᠮᠠᠨᠤ
ꡌ ᠪᠠ᠊ པ pa p ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ
ꡍ ᠫᠠ᠊ ཕ pha ph
ꡎ ᠪᠠ᠊ བ ba b ᠪᠠᠰᠠ
ꡏ ᠮᠠ᠊ མ ma m ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ
ꡐ ᠼᠠ᠊ ཙ tsa ts
ꡑ ᠱᠠ᠊ ཚ tsha tsh ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ
ꡒ ᠽᠠ᠊ ཛ dza dz
ꡓ ᠸᠠ᠊ ཝ wa w ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠸᠴᠢᠷ
ꡔ ᠱᠠ᠊ ཞ zha zh
ꡕ ᠰᠠ᠊ ཟ za z ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ "ᠰᠠᠷᠠ/ᠰᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ
ꡖ ᠊ᠠ᠊

᠊ᠠ

འ -A - ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ
ꡗ ᠶᠠ᠊ ཡ ya y ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠨ
ꡘ ᠷᠠ᠊ ར ra r ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ
ꡙ ᠯᠠ᠊ ལ la l ᠠᠯᠪᠠ
ꡚ ᠰᠢ᠊ ཤ sha sh ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋
ꡛ ᠰᠠ᠊ ས sa s ᠡᠴᠦᠰ
ꡜ ᠾᠠ᠊ ཧ ha h ᠦᠭᠡ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ᠄ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ
ꡝ ᠠ᠊ ཨ 'A ' ᠦᠯᠦ
ꡞ ᠢ᠊ ི i i -i hee -een
ꡟ ᠤ᠊ ུ u u ᠤᠰᠤᠨ
ꡠ ᠡ᠊ ེ e e ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ
ꡡ ᠣ᠊ ོ o o ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠴᠠ
ꡢ ᠬᠠ᠊ ཁ qa q ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ
ꡣ ᠬᠠ᠊ ཁྭ xa x ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ
ꡤ ᠾᠸᠠ᠊ ཧྭ fa f
ꡥ ᠭᠠ᠊ ག gga
ꡦ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠡ᠋ ཻ ee ee ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ
ꡧ ᠊ᠸᠠ᠊ ྭ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ wa w
ꡨ ᠊ᠶᠠ᠊ ྱ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ ya y
ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ
ꡩ ᠲᠠ᠊ ཊ tta tt षट्
पारमिता
ꡪ ᠲᠠ᠊ ཋ ttha tth प्रतिष्ठित
ꡫ ᠳ᠋ᠠ᠊ ཌ dda dd दण्डय
ꡬ ᠨᠠ᠊ ཎ nna nn पुण्य;
उष्णीष
ꡱ ᠊ᠷ ྲ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ ra r मुद्रा
ꡲ ᠷ᠊ ར ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ra r སངས་རྒྱས
ꡳ ᢀ ྃ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠨᠲᠦ ^ संहत


ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ Unicode ‍ᠤᠨ U+A840 ᠡᠴᠡ U+A87F ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ‍ᠡ᠋ 64 ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠲᠦ ‍ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃[3]

U+A84x U+A85x U+A86x U+A87x
0 ꡀ ꡐ ꡠ ꡰ
1 ꡁ ꡑ ꡡ ꡱ
2 ꡂ ꡒ ꡢ ꡲ
3 ꡃ ꡓ ꡣ ꡳ
4 ꡄ ꡔ ꡤ ꡴
5 ꡅ ꡕ ꡥ ꡵
6 ꡆ ꡖ ꡦ ꡶
7 ꡇ ꡗ ꡧ ꡷
8 ꡈ ꡘ ꡨ
9 ꡉ ꡙ ꡩ
A ꡊ ꡚ ꡪ
B ꡋ ꡛ ꡫ
C ꡌ ꡜ ꡬ
D ꡍ ꡝ ꡭ
E ꡎ ꡞ ꡮ
F ꡏ ꡟ ꡯ


ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ MS WIndows 10 ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃

ᠮᠥᠨ Microsoft PhagsPa ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠹᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ MS WIndows 10 ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃

Macintosh ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠹᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃

ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤᠨ ‍ᠤ ᠮᠦᠯᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠢᠩ 0 ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ (Android ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ) ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ ‍ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ Android ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ Unicode ᠹᠣᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃

MS WIndows 10 ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ‍ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ


ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ[засварлах | кодоор засварлах]

  1. ↑ ᠳ᠋᠊᠂ ᠴᠣᠢᠢᠵᠠᠯᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ᠃ 1974
  2. ↑ ᠯ᠊᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ᠃ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ
  3. ↑ Phags-pa. Range U+A840 ... U+A87F
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