"Цагаан нүх"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
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<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Multiverse.jpg|thumb| | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Multiverse.jpg|thumb| | ||
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ<br>ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ<br>ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠦ<br>ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ<br>ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ<br>ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ<br>ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]</span> | <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ<br>ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ<br>ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠦ<br>ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ<br>ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ<br>ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ<br>ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]</span> | ||
'''ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ''' ᠪᠣᠯ | '''ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ''' ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠧᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠧᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠦ [[Харьцангуйн онол|ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ]] ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃<ref>Перспективы исследования черных дыр // rusnovosti — Совместный проект с порталом «ПостНаука».</ref> ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ [[Хар нүх|ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ]] [[Галактик|ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠭ]] ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠭ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ Stephen Hawking ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ '''ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋''' ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ '''ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ''' ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠶ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ<ref>Hawking and Penrose, The Nature of Space and Time (Princeton, 1996</ref><ref>http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/BlackHoles/universe.html</ref> ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠥᠨᠥᠢ᠃<br> | ||
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ᠂ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ᠂ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠰ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (event horizon) ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃<br> | ||
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠷᠠᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠻᠥᠯᠯᠠᠫᠰ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠷᠠᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠻᠥᠯᠯᠠᠫᠰ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠫᠷᠥᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃<br> | ||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Krukdiagram.svg|thumb| | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:Krukdiagram.svg|thumb| | ||
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ<br>ᠲᠤᠯᠲᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ<br>ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ <br>ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢ᠃<br>ᠪᠣᠰᠪᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ<br>ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ᠂ <br>ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ<br>ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]</span> | <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; ">ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ<br>ᠲᠤᠯᠲᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ<br>ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ <br>ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢ᠃<br>ᠪᠣᠰᠪᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ<br>ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ᠂ <br>ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ<br>ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋]]</span> |
23:34, 18 Долоодугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх засвар
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠠᠢ - ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠧᠢᠨ᠍ᠱᠲᠧᠢᠨ᠍ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃[1] ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠻᠲᠢᠭ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ Stephen Hawking ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ ᠊ᠶ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ[2][3] ᠭᠡᠵᠥ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠥᠨᠥᠢ᠃
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ᠂ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ᠂ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠰ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ (event horizon) ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠷᠠᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠻᠥᠯᠯᠠᠫᠰ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠫᠷᠥᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ 2006 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠨ GRB 060614 ᠥᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠊ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠊ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠃[4] GRB 060614 ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ 《ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠮᠠ ᠭᠠᠮᠮᠠ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ [5]
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ Перспективы исследования черных дыр // rusnovosti — Совместный проект с порталом «ПостНаука».
- ↑ Hawking and Penrose, The Nature of Space and Time (Princeton, 1996
- ↑ http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/BlackHoles/universe.html
- ↑ Ratcliffe, Martin (February 2008). State of the Universe 2008 : new images, discoveries and events. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-387-73998-4
- ↑ Ratcliffe, Martin (February 2008). State of the Universe 2008 : new images, discoveries and events. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-387-73998-4