"ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
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ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ<sup>Hall Effect Thruster</sup> ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋<sup>anode</sup>᠂ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ<sup>plasma</sup> ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋<sup>cathode</sup> ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋᠋᠃<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/hall-thrusters ScienceDirect. Hall Thrusters. 2018. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24</ref> | |||
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==ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ== | ==ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ== | ||
HEMPT | HEMPT | ||
00:08, 25 Нэгдүгээр сар 2021-ий байдлаарх засвар
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲᠧᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠢ (ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨxenon᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠣᠨargon ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ)᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[1]
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ
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ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠳ᠋ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷgridded ion engine ᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨxenon ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠻᠠᠲᠣᠳ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨelectron ᠧᠮᠢᠰᠰemission ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠢ ᠡ᠋᠋ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋anode ᠪᠠᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠧᠯᠡᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠻᠰᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠮatom ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠplasma ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ (+) ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠻᠦᠯᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠧᠸᠲᠣᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠱᠦᠷᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[2]
ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠥᠨ᠍ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠤᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ [3]
ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ
ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ SERT I (Space Electric Rocket Test I)᠂
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ Метеор ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃[3]
᠋
ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ
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ᠾᠣᠯᠯ ᠧᠹᠹᠧᠻᠲ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷHall Effect Thruster ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠨᠣᠳ᠋anode᠂ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠplasma ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠳ᠋cathode ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋᠋᠃[4]
ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠽᠮᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ
HEMPT
ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ
ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠢᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ - gridded ion engine (GIE) - электростатический ионный двигатель
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Engineering_Technology/What_is_Electric_propulsion The European Space Agency. What is Electric Propulsion? ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/19
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070915023928/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/fs08grc.html NASA. Innovative Engines. Glenn Ion Propulsion Research Tames the Challenges of 21st Century Space Travel. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 https://epic-src.eu/wp-content/uploads/06_EPICLectureSeries2017_QinetiQ_GIE_EPIC-Lecture-Series-2017.pdf Jaime Perez Luna. Gridded IOn Engines. 2017. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24
- ↑ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/hall-thrusters ScienceDirect. Hall Thrusters. 2018. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/01/24