"Абтай хан"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
б (Wikibilig moved page ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ to Абтай хан: Stable addressing system (temporary measure)) |
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| 1-р мөр: | 1-р мөр: | ||
{{Garchig}} | |||
=ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ= | |||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb| | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">[[File:AbtaiPainting.jpg|thumb| | ||
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><br> <br>]]</span> | <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; "><br> <br>]]</span> | ||
<big><big> | <big><big> | ||
ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ | |||
ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ | ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅ <br> | ||
= | ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠷᠭᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 《ᠪᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠥᠨᠥᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ||
</ | ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ 1570᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠨ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ 1577 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ 1580 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠩᠬᠤ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (ᠴᠢᠨᠢᠬᠠᠢ) ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | ||
ᠠᠩᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ 《ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 《ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠠ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠩᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 1663 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ (УБ 1960) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠪᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠪᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ 《ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠪ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠢ᠃ (274 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠡ᠋) ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 《ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠡ᠋》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠥᠭᠴᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ (275 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠡ᠋) | |||
==ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ== | |||
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠣᠮ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ 1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠦᠭᠫᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠦ ᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ 《ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠠᠨᠷᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠸᠠᠳᠾᠢᠰᠠᠲᠤ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠣᠮᠣᠳᠠᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ 《ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠭᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠦ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠶᠠᠮᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 《ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠨᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠶ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ 《ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠦ᠋ᠦ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ 《ᠲᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠠᠪᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | |||
==ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ== | |||
ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠡᠴᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ 《ᠪᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠢᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠨᠠᠩ <small><small>(Jonang)</small></small> ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ <small><small>(Taranatha)</small></small> ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ 1575 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠱᠣᠩ ᠱᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠵᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ?》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠣᠱᠣᠩᠨᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠢ 《ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠲᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠯᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠡ!》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠽᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ 1634 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠪᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | |||
ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠋ ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠨᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ᠋ᠦ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠥᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠸᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ | |||
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 《ᠲᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠦ᠃ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | |||
==ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ== | |||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"> | |||
<small><small> | |||
Abtai<br> | Abtai<br> | ||
Abatai<br> | Abatai<br> | ||
Абтай<br> | Абтай<br> | ||
Автай<br> | Автай<br> | ||
< | </small></small> | ||
</span> | |||
ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠶ <br><br> | ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠶ <br><br> | ||
=ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ= | ==ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ== | ||
<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><Comments/></span> <br><br> | <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><Comments/></span> <br><br> | ||
==ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ== | |||
= | |||
=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ= | |||
18:13, 23 Тавдугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх засвар
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ
ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠵᠡᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠄ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠡᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠣᠮᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠄ ᠨᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ ᠄ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋
ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠄ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠᠢ ᠅
ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠨᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠪᠠ ᠬᠣᠮᠣᠷᠭᠠ᠋ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 《ᠪᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠥᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠥᠨᠥᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ 1570᠍ ᠊ᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠨ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ 1577 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ 1580 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠩᠬᠤ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (ᠴᠢᠨᠢᠬᠠᠢ) ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃
ᠠᠩᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ 《ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 《ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠠ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠩᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 1663 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ (УБ 1960) ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠪᠣᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠪᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ 《ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠪ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠢ᠃ (274 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠡ᠋) ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 《ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠡ᠋》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠴᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠥᠭᠴᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ (275 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠡ᠋)
ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠣᠮ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ 1585 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠦᠭᠫᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠬᠡᠦ ᠰᠠᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ 《ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠠᠨᠷᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠸᠠᠳᠾᠢᠰᠠᠲᠤ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠣᠮᠣᠳᠠᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ 《ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠭᠲᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠦ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠠᠮᠴᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠶᠠᠮᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 《ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠨᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠶ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ 《ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠦ᠋ᠦ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ 《ᠲᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠠᠪᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ
ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠡᠴᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ 《ᠪᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠢᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠨᠠᠩ (Jonang) ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ (Taranatha) ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ 1575 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ 1586 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠱᠣᠩ ᠱᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ 《ᠵᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ?》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠣᠱᠣᠩᠨᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠢ 《ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠲᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠯᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠡ!》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠪᠠᠽᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠᠲᠾᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ 1634 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 《ᠪᠢ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠡ᠋》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠢᠰᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ᠋ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ ᠡ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠵᠤᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠋ ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠨᠠᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ᠋ᠦ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠥᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠸᠠᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡ᠋᠃ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 《ᠲᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠦ᠃ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠰᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
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