ᠵᠠᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋
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1624 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠣ ᠴᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ 3 ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠣᠨᠤᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ᠌ ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠢᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠢ ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ 1631 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠢᠢᠳ ᠥᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ XVII ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠩ ᠰᠥᠮ ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠯᠠᠪᠠᠷᠠᠩ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1696 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠩ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠭᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠫᠡᠷᠡᠩᠯᠡᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠠᠷᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠯᠠᠪᠠᠷᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠨᠣᠢᠢᠷᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠬᠲᠤ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠫᠡᠷᠡᠩᠯᠡᠢ᠂ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠨᠢᠨᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠢᠳᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠬᠲᠤ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠢᠳᠨᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠠᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠴ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠯᠣᠪᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢᠭᠮᠢᠳᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦ 1802 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠮᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1908-1909 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠮᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠥᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠢᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠭᠣᠩ ᠢ 1887 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠡᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 5 ᠻᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠡᠳᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 6 ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ 26 ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠩ᠂ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 2 ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠡᠨ ᠍ᠳᠦ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ 1000 ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠡᠷ 4000 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠮᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠥᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠽᠧᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠌ ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢ 1971 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ 1994 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠤ ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠬᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠭᠡᠩ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠲᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠬ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠬ᠋ ᠠ᠋ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠢᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠡᠢᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃
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