ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭ ᠊ᠠ᠋
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ
ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ ( 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ)
1921 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ (ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ) ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ᠂ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ (ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ) ᠍ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
1922 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ 102 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠳ 32 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ 1923 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 148 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠢ᠃
ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ 1923 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 18 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ (ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ) ᠍ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ᠄ (ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠂ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠺᠣᠨᠰᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ) ᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ (1924-1940)
1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ (ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ) ᠍ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠣᠰᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ ᠬᠡᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ 1᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ 4 ᠍ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃
1934-1940 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠳ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠦᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ (1940-1960)
1940 - 1960 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠥᠮᠴᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠫᠠᠰᠫᠣᠷᠲᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠦᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ (1960-1990)
1960-1990 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 45 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ (ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ) ᠍ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
1966 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠂ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ 1979᠂ 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 2 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦ ᠨᠠᠢ ᠮᠣ ᠠ ᠤ ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ 1981 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 07 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 14 ᠍ ᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ 243 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 60 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ (ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ) ᠍ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠳ ∙ ᠰᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭ-ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠪᠦ ᠨᠠᠢ ᠮᠣ ᠠ ᠤ ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ 1984 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 07 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 14 ᠍ ᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ 139 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ 50 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ (ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠳᠣᠨ) ᠍ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠢᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠶᠡ
1990 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ (ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠫᠣᠯ) ᠍ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 1993 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ (ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ) ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ 2002 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
2000-2005 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ (ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ) ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠠ᠃
2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 4 ᠪᠥᠰᠡ 50 ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠳᠣ 77 ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠬᠣᠨ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢᠰᠦᠮᠪᠦᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ᠂ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃
ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ (ᠺᠣᠪᠠᠨ) ᠍ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ (ᠺᠣᠪᠠᠨ) ᠍ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ (ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ) ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ (ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ) ᠍ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠩ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠺᠠᠮᠧᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃