ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (AI) ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠨcomputer ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠠᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠ᠃[1]
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃[2]
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ
ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮprogram ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯengineering ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨbiology ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[3]
ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ
ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ Google ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ GPU (ᠭᠷᠠᠹᠢᠻgraphic ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ) ᠍ ᠡᠴᠡ 15 ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ TPU (tensor ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ) ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠ᠃
IBM ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ Watson ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠫᠧᠷᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨsupercomputer ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ (digital) ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠻᠰᠫᠣᠨᠧᠨᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯexponential ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠫᠫᠯᠢᠻᠧᠢᠢᠱᠨapplication᠂ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠤᠳprocess ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠶᠠᠷᠪᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ᠃[4]
ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠫᠠᠷᠠᠳ᠋ᠢᠭ᠌ᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[2]
ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ (machine learning) ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠾᠧᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠤᠨstatistics ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠾᠧᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠠᠨᠠᠯᠢᠽ ᠶᠢᠨanalysis ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ᠂ ᠭᠷᠠᠹ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ (digital) ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ (deep learning) ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ (neural network) ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠨᠧᠦᠷᠣᠨneuron᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨᠡ᠃[5]
ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ Lisp᠂ Prolog᠂ TensorFlow ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷ (AI accelerator)᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ (neuromorphic computing) ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢalgorithm ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠪᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃[6]
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠤᠯᠳᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠲ ᠤᠨchat ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠲ᠋ᠪᠣᠲchatbot ᠶᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠭ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠨᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠄ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠃
ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠄ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠄ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠄ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃[1]
ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ
ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ (Reactive Machine) ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠣᠳ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠻᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠸᠧᠪ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ GitHub ᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃[7]
ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ
ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ (Limited Memory) ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠫᠷᠣ᠌ᠭ᠌ᠷᠠᠮᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠥᠭᠭᠥᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃[8]
ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ
ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ (Theory of Mind) ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠬᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ᠃ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ 《ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ》 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠃[2]
ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠮᠰᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯᠲᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠮᠰᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ (Self Aware) ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠰᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠳᠣᠭᠳᠣᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠮᠰᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ ("ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠢᠰᠴᠦ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ" ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ)᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠯᠭ᠌ᠣᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠮ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[8]
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ
ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (Artificial Narrow Intelligence)᠂
ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (Artificial General Intelligence)᠂
ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (Artificial Super Intelligence)
ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ
ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ "ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ (Weak Artificial Intelligence) ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃[9] ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ᠃
ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ
ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (Strong Artificial Intelligence)᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (Deep Artificial Intelligence) ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠦᠢᠴᠡᠬᠦᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠨᠡ᠃[10] ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ
ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠬᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[10] ᠣᠻᠰᠹᠣᠷᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠻᠻ ᠪᠣᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠮNick Bostrom ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮᠰᠢᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ᠃
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠨᠣᠭ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠨᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠹᠧᠨ ᠾᠣᠻᠢᠩStephen Hawking ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ Google ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠮᠢᠰ ᠾᠠᠰᠰᠠᠪᠢᠰDemis Hassabis ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠮ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[9]
ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ - artificial intelligence - искусственный интеллект
ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ - expert system - экспертная система
ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ - natural language procesing - обработка естественного языка
ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ - speech recognition - распознавание речи
ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤᠢ - machine learning - машинное обучение
ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ - machine vision - машинное зрение
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ed Burns, Nicole Laskowski, Linda Tucci. What is artificial intelligence (AI)? ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/02/12. TechTarget. https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/AI-Artificial-Intelligence
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Artificial Intelligence. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2022/02/12. Built In.https://builtin.com/artificial-intelligence
- ↑ Artificial Intelligence (AI). By: IBM Cloud Education, 3 June 2020. IBM. https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/what-is-artificial-intelligence
- ↑ The 3 Forces that Brought AI to Life (And Why it’s Only Now Changing the World). 2017/12/15. https://blog.cloudfactory.com/3-forces-brought-ai-to-life
- ↑ J.J.Hopfield (1982). Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
- ↑ CSU Global. How does AI actually work? 2021/08/09. https://csuglobal.edu/blog/how-does-artificial-intelligence-actually-work
- ↑ Jonathan Johnson. 4 Types of Artificial Intelligence. 2020/06/08. BMC. https://www.bmc.com/blogs/artificial-intelligence-types/#:~:text=These%20three%20types%20are%3A,Artificial%20Super%20Intelligence
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Bernard Marr. Understanding the 4 Types of Artificial Intelligence (AI). 2021/05/09. Linked In. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/understanding-4-types-artificial-intelligence-ai-bernard-marr
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Ben Dickson. What is Narrow, General and Super Artificial Intelligence. TechTalks. 2017/05/12. https᠄//bdtechtalks.com/2017/05/12/what-is-narrow-general-and-super-artificial-intelligence
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Eban Escott. What are the 3 types of AI? A guide to narrow, general, and super artificial intelligence. 2017/10/24. CodeBots. https://codebots.com/artificial-intelligence/the-3-types-of-ai-is-the-third-even-possible