ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ
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ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ |
ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰИнтеркосмос ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃[1]
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨacademy ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠪᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃[2]
ᠰᠣᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ᠋socialist ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ 1967 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃[3]
ᠤᠭ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢ 1970 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ "ᠢ᠍ᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ" ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ᠍ᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠻᠦᠪᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠫᠣᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋᠂ ᠴᠧᠻᠣᠰᠯᠣᠸᠠᠻ᠂ ᠷᠦᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠾᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠷᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠣᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[3]
ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠲᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠺᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠠᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-1 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ 1969 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 14 ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃[3]
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ᠂ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ - ᠲᠡᠻᠨᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-6᠂ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-16 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃[4]
ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ - ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ 1981 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 22 - 30 ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-39Союз-39 ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-39 ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲСалют ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼstation
ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠨᠢᠪᠧᠻᠣᠹᠹВладимир Жанибеков᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠦᠭᠳᠦᠷᠳᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠷᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠲᠠ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽСоюз᠂ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠫᠣᠯᠯᠣ᠋Apollo ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠳ 1975 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ 1970-᠊ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠲ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠯᠢShuttle ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ NASA ᠪᠠ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠢ ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 1980-᠊ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠠᠨБуран ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃[5]
ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ 1990-᠊ᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠱᠠᠲ᠋ᠲᠯᠢ - ᠮᠢᠷ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠥᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ
| ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠩᠨᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ |
|---|---|---|
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-1 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | 1969/10/14 |
| ᠸᠡᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-1 | ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1970/11/28 |
| ᠸᠡᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-2 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠷᠥᠨᠲ᠋ᠭᠧᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1971/08/20 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-6 | ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠷᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠦᠳ | 1972/04/07 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-9 | ᠢᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠫᠣᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠻᠣᠫᠧᠷᠨᠢᠴᠤᠰ-500 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠃ 200-1550 km ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ | 1973/04/04 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-14 | ᠢᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ | 1975/06/03 |
| ᠸᠡᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-3 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠷᠥᠨᠲ᠋ᠭᠧᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1975/09/02 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-15 | ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠬᠤ | 1976/06/19 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-16 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ | 1976/07/27 |
| ᠸᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-5 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠷᠥᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠭᠧᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1977/08/30 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-17 | ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠧᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠡᠨᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1977/09/24 |
| ᠸᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-6 | ᠢᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ | 1977/10/25 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-18 | ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋᠃
ᠴᠧᠻᠣᠰᠯᠣᠸᠠᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠢᠣᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-18 ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ |
1978/10/24 |
| ᠸᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-7 | ᠢᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ | 1978/11/03 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-19 | ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ | 1979/02/27 |
| ᠸᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-8 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠷᠥᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠭᠧᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1979/09/26 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-20 | ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ | 1979/11/01 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-21 | ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ | 1981/02/06 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-22 | ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠣᠨ᠍ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋᠃ | 1981/08/07 |
| ᠸᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠢᠻᠠᠯ-9 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠷᠥᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠭᠧᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1981/08/28 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-23 | 1985/04/26 | |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-24 | ᠴᠧᠻᠣᠰᠯᠣᠸᠠᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠢᠣᠨ-2 ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠢᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨplasma ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠣ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠢActivity ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ | 1989/09/28 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-25 | ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨelectron ᠪᠠ ᠫ᠊ᠯᠠᠰᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠣᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ | 1991/12/18 |
| ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠻᠣᠰᠮᠣᠰ-26 | ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ | 1994/03/02 |
ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠳ
| ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠯᠭᠡ | ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ | ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ | ᠣᠩᠨᠠᠭᠠ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-28 | ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠧᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠠᠷᠧᠹ᠂ ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠷᠧᠮᠧᠻ |
ᠨᠢᠻᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠷᠦᠻᠠᠣᠢᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠣᠯᠲᠷᠢᠻ ᠫᠧᠯᠴᠠᠻ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠴᠧᠻᠣᠰᠯᠣᠸᠠᠻ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 03 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 02 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-30 | ᠫᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠻᠯᠢᠮᠦ᠋ᠻ᠂ ᠮᠢᠷᠣᠰᠯᠠᠹ ᠾᠧᠷᠮᠠᠱᠧᠹᠰᠺᠢ |
ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠷᠢ ᠻᠦᠪᠠᠰᠣᠹ᠂ ᠽᠧᠨᠣᠨ ᠶᠠᠨ᠍ᠻᠣᠹᠰᠻᠢ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠫᠣᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 27 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-31 | ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠻᠣᠹᠰᠺᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭ᠌᠊ᠮᠦ᠋ᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ ᠶᠠᠾᠨ |
ᠸᠢᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠲ᠋ᠻᠣ᠂ ᠧᠪᠧᠷᠾᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠻᠥᠯᠯᠨᠧᠷ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 08 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 26 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-33 | ᠨᠢᠻᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠷᠦᠻᠠᠸᠢᠱᠨᠢᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠷᠭᠢ ᠢᠸᠠᠨᠣᠹ |
ᠶᠦᠷᠢ ᠷᠣᠮᠠᠨᠧᠨ᠍ᠻᠣ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠣᠹ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 (ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ) | 1979 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 04 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 10 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-36 | ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠷᠢ ᠻᠦᠪᠠᠰᠣᠹ᠂ ᠪᠧᠷᠲ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠹᠠᠷᠻᠠᠱ |
ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠨᠢᠪᠧᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠪᠧᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠵᠠᠷᠢ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠾᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 05 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 26 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-37 | ᠸᠢᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠲ᠋ᠻᠣ᠂ ᠫᠾᠠᠮ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠠᠨ |
ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠷᠢ ᠪᠢᠻᠣᠹᠰᠻᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠶᠧᠮ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠲᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 07 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 23 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-38 | ᠶᠦᠷᠢ ᠷᠣᠮᠠᠨᠧᠨᠻᠣ᠂ ᠠᠷᠮᠠᠨᠳᠣ ᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠳᠧᠽ |
ᠶᠧᠸᠭᠧᠨᠢ ᠾᠷᠦ᠋ᠨᠣᠹ᠂ ᠵᠣᠰᠧ ᠹᠠᠯᠻᠣᠨ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠻᠦᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 09 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 18 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-39 | ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠨᠢᠪᠧᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠵᠦᠭᠳᠦᠷᠳᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠷᠠᠭᠴᠠ |
ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠯᠶᠠᠾᠣᠹ᠂ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠩᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1981 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 03 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 23 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ-40 | ᠯᠧᠣᠨᠢᠳ᠋ ᠫᠣᠫᠣᠹ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠮᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠦ ᠫᠷᠦ᠋ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠦ |
ᠶᠦᠷᠢ ᠷᠣᠮᠠᠨᠧᠨ᠍ᠻᠣ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠮᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠳᠢᠶᠦ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠼᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠰᠲ ᠷᠣᠮᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-6 | 1981 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 05 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 14 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲ-6 | ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠨᠢᠪᠧᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠢᠸᠠᠨᠴᠧᠨ᠍ᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠿᠧᠠᠨ ᠯᠣᠦ᠋ᠫ ᠻᠷᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠶᠧᠨ |
ᠯᠧᠣᠨᠢᠳ᠋ ᠻᠢᠽᠢᠮ᠂ ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠸᠢᠶᠣᠹ᠂ ᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠷᠢᠻ ᠪᠠᠦ᠋ᠲᠷᠢ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠹᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-7 | 1982 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 24 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲ-11 | ᠶᠦᠷᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠢᠱᠧᠹ᠂ ᠭᠧᠩᠨᠠᠳᠢ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠧᠻᠠᠯᠣᠹ᠂ ᠷᠠᠻᠧᠱ ᠱᠠᠷᠮᠠ |
ᠠᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠧᠷᠧᠽᠣᠸᠣᠢ᠂ ᠭᠧᠣᠷᠭᠢ ᠭᠷᠧᠴᠻᠣ᠂ ᠷᠠᠸᠢᠱ ᠮᠠᠯᠾᠣᠲ᠋ᠷᠠ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠰᠠᠯᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ-7 | 1984 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 04 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 02 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-3 | ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠸᠢᠻᠲᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠻᠣ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠣᠹ᠂ ᠮᠦᠾᠠᠮᠮᠧᠳ᠋ ᠹᠠᠷᠢᠰ |
ᠮᠦᠨᠢᠷ ᠾᠠᠪᠢᠪ | ᠠᠷᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1987 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 07 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 22 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-5 | ᠠᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠸᠢᠣᠹ᠂ ᠸᠢᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠰᠠᠸᠢᠨᠢᠾ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷᠣᠹ |
ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠯᠶᠠᠾᠣᠹ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠰᠧᠷᠧᠪᠷᠣᠹ᠂ ᠻᠷᠠᠰᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠰᠲᠣᠶᠠᠨᠣᠹ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1988 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 06 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 07 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-6 | ᠸᠯᠠᠳᠢᠮᠢᠷ ᠯᠶᠠᠾᠣᠹ᠂ ᠸᠠᠯᠧᠷᠢ ᠫᠣᠯᠶᠠᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠠᠪᠳᠦ᠋ᠯ ᠮᠣᠾᠮᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ |
ᠮᠣᠾᠠᠮᠮᠠᠳ᠋ ᠮᠠᠰᠦ᠋ᠮ | ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠹᠭᠠᠨᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1988 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 08 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 29 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-7 | ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠸᠣᠯᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠰᠧᠷᠭᠧᠢ ᠻᠷᠢᠻᠠᠯᠣᠹ᠂ ᠿᠧᠠᠨ ᠯᠣᠦ᠋ᠫ ᠻᠷᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠶᠧᠨ |
ᠮᠢᠱᠧᠯ ᠲᠣᠭ᠌ᠨᠢᠨᠢ | ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠹᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1988 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 26 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-11 | ᠸᠢᠻᠲᠣᠷ ᠠᠹᠠᠨᠠᠰᠢᠶᠡᠹ᠂ ᠮᠦᠰᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠷᠣᠹ᠂ ᠲᠣᠶᠣᠬᠢᠷᠣ᠋ ᠠᠻᠢᠶᠠᠮᠠ |
ᠠᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠼᠧᠪᠠᠷᠰᠻᠢ᠂ ᠰᠧᠷᠭᠧᠢ ᠻᠷᠢᠻᠠᠯᠶᠣᠹ᠂ ᠷᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠻᠣ ᠻᠢᠻᠦ᠋ᠴᠢ |
ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1990 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 02 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-12 | ᠠᠨᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠼᠧᠪᠠᠷᠰᠻᠢ᠂ ᠰᠧᠭᠧᠢ ᠻᠷᠢᠻᠠᠯᠶᠣᠹ᠂ ᠾᠧᠯᠧᠨ ᠱᠠᠷᠮᠠᠨ |
ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠸᠣᠯᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠻᠠᠯᠧᠷᠢ᠂ ᠲᠢᠮᠣᠲᠾᠢ ᠮᠠᠢᠢᠰ |
ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠷᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠸᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1991 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 05 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 18 |
| ᠰᠣᠶᠦ᠋ᠽ ᠲᠮ-13 | ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠸᠣᠯᠻᠣᠹ᠂ ᠲᠣᠻᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠪᠠᠻᠢᠷᠣᠹ᠂ ᠹᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠼ ᠸᠢᠶᠧᠪᠥᠻ |
ᠠᠯᠧᠻᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠷ ᠸᠢᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠻᠣ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲ ᠮᠦᠰᠠᠪᠠᠶᠧᠹ᠂ ᠻ᠊ᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠰ ᠯᠣᠲ᠋ᠾᠠᠯᠯᠧᠷ |
ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ | ᠮᠢᠷ
|
1991 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ 02 |
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ А.М.Прохоров и др. Советский энциклопедический словарь. ©Издательство “Советская энциклопедия”. Москва 1989
- ↑ Создание Совета по международному сотрудничеству в области исследования и использования космического пространства в мирных целях при АН СССР (Совет «Интеркосмос»). ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/03/27
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Спутники "Интеркосмос". ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/03/27
- ↑ [http://nsse2018.ac.mn/uploads/papers/1570593240BUTEEL_20_3.pdf Д.Батмөнх, С.Ваша, Ч.Лхагважав, С.Н.Опарин. Излучение не-подобного иона МэXI солнца в диапазоне 𝝀𝛌9, 15 ÷ 9, 32. ШУА. Физик-Техникийн Хүрээлэн. 1981 №20]. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/03/27
- ↑ Mir Hardware Heritage/Part 2 - Almaz, Salyut, and Mir. ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 2021/03/27