Jump to content

"Геологийн цаг тооллын хүснэгт"-ны өөр хувилбарууд

edit
(edit)
(edit)
24-р мөр: 24-р мөр:
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠧᠭᠠᠯᠠᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠧᠭᠠᠯᠠᠶ</span>
Meghalayan
Meghalayan
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">4.2 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠂ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ CO2 ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ </span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">4.2 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠂ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ CO2 ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ </span>
|0.0042
|0.0042
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠷᠢᠫᠫᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠷᠢᠫᠫᠶ</span>
Northgrippian
Northgrippian
|2
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">8,2 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠾᠣᠯᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ (Holocene) ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ᠃ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋᠃</span>
|0.0082
|0.0082
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠭᠷᠢᠢᠨᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠭᠷᠢᠢᠨᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋</span>
Greenlandian
Greenlandian
|3
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠣᠳᠣ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠭᠧᠷᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ (Doggerland)᠂ ᠰᠦᠨ᠍ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ (Sundaland) ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠰᠠᠾᠠᠷᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ (Sahara) ᠴᠥᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨ.᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋  ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠃ ᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
|0.0117
|0.0117
|-
|-
40-р мөр: 40-р мөр:
Pleistocene
Pleistocene
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ</span>
|4
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠧᠮᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ (Eemian) ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ (Younger Dryas) ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ.᠊ᠠ᠋᠃ ᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
|0.126
|0.126
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ</span>
|5
|
 
 
<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">100 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠳ᠃ ᠾᠣᠮᠣ ᠰᠠᠫᠢᠶᠧᠨ᠍ᠰ (Homo sapiens) ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃</span>
|0.781
|0.781
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠪᠷᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠻᠠᠯᠠᠪᠷᠶ</span>
Calabrian
Calabrian
|6
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠾᠣᠮᠣ ᠧᠷᠧᠻ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠰ (Homo erectus) ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃</span>
|1.8
|1.8
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠭᠧᠯᠠᠽᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠭᠧᠯᠠᠽᠶ</span>
Gelasian
Gelasian
|7
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠫᠯᠡᠢᠨᠰᠲ᠋ᠣᠼᠧᠨ (Pleistocene) ᠊ᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠾᠣᠮᠣ ᠾᠠᠪᠢᠯᠢᠰ (Homo habilis) ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠷᠨ᠃</span>
|2.58
|2.58
|-
|-
62-р мөр: 65-р мөр:
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠫᠢᠶᠠᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽᠢ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠫᠢᠶᠠᠼᠧᠨ᠍ᠽᠢ</span>
Piacenzian
Piacenzian
|8
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠭᠷᠧᠨ᠍ᠯᠠᠨ᠍ᠳ᠋ (Greenland) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ (Africa) ᠲᠤ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲ᠋ᠷᠠᠯᠥᠫᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃</span>
|3.6
|3.6
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠽᠠᠨ᠍ᠻᠯᠧᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠽᠠᠨ᠍ᠻᠯᠧᠶ</span>
Zanclean
Zanclean
|9
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠽᠠᠨ᠍ᠻᠯᠧᠢ (Zanclea) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ (Africa) ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠳᠢᠫᠢᠲ᠋ᠧᠻ (Ardipithecus) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃</span>
|5.333
|5.333
|-
|-
| rowspan="6" |<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍</span>
| rowspan="6" |<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ᠍</span>
Miocene
Miocene
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠧᠰᠰᠢᠨᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠧᠰᠰᠢᠨᠢ</span>
Messinian
Messinian
| rowspan="2" |10
| rowspan="2" |<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠧᠰᠰᠢᠨᠢ (Messinia) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠱᠣᠷᠪᠣᠭᠯᠢᠲᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢᠢᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠪ ᠊ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠱᠣᠷᠪᠣᠭ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠠᠷᠻᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ (Antarctica) ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠢᠮᠫᠠᠨ᠍ᠽᠧ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠊ᠦᠳ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠊ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠻ (Africa) ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠾᠧᠯᠠᠨ᠋᠍ᠲᠷᠣᠫ ᠲᠴᠠᠳᠧᠨ᠍ᠰᠢᠰ (Sahelanthropus tchadensis) ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
|7.246
|7.246
|-
|-
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠲᠣᠷᠲᠣᠨᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠲᠣᠷᠲᠣᠨᠢ</span>
Tortonian
Tortonian
|11.63
|11.63
83-р мөр: 86-р мөр:
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠰᠧᠷᠷᠠᠸᠠᠯᠶ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠰᠧᠷᠷᠠᠸᠠᠯᠶ</span>
Serravallian
Serravallian
| rowspan="2" |<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠳᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯ (Middle Miocene disruption) ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
| rowspan="2" |<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠯ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ ᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠳᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠮᠢᠶᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯ (Middle Miocene disruption) ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
|13.82
|13.82
|-
|-
128-р мөр: 131-р мөр:
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠢᠫᠷᠧᠽᠢ</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠢᠫᠷᠧᠽᠢ</span>
Ypresian
Ypresian
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ (PETM ᠪᠠ ETM-2)᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠧᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠽᠣᠯᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ (Azolla event) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ  ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ 3500 ppm ᠡᠴᠡ 650 ppm ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠾᠢᠮᠠᠯᠠᠢ (Himalaya) ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ (PETM ᠪᠠ ETM-2)᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠧᠣᠼᠧᠨ ᠊ᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠽᠣᠯᠯᠠ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ (Azolla event) ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ  ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠊ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠌ᠡ᠋ 3500 ppm ᠡᠴᠡ 650 ppm ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠊ᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠊ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠌ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠢᠢᠪ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠾᠢᠮᠠᠯᠠᠢ (Himalaya) ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊᠊</span>
|56
|56
|-
|-