"ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠊ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ (засварлах)
11:13, 11 Арванхоёрдугаар сар 2021-ий байдлаарх засвар
, 11 Арванхоёрдугаар сар 2021Edit
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ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ | '''ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ''' (ᠮᠥᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠧᠲ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ; ᠠᠩᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ Internet of Things; ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠢᠨᠦ IoT) ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠨᠠ 〔2〕 〔3〕 〔4〕᠃ | ||
《ᠵᠦᠢᠡᠯᠰ ᠦᠨ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠹᠦᠨᠻᠼ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ||
ᠮᠠᠷᠻ ᠸᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠽᠧᠷ<sup>Mark Weiser</sup> 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠌᠌᠌᠌"21 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ" ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 〔5〕 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ "ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ" ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | |||
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠳᠦᠨᠡ᠃ "ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ" ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠻᠧᠸᠢᠨ ᠡᠱᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ<sup>Kevin Ashton</sup> ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ 〔6〕᠃ "Auto-ID Labs" ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠴᠣᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ 〔7〕᠃ | |||
[[Цахилгаан соронзон долгионы хуваарь|ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠣ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠯ]] ᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ (RFID) ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ [[OSI загвар|ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠻᠣᠯ]] ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠥᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ (Future Internet) 〔8〕 ᠍ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠦᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ 〔9〕᠃ | |||
《ᠵᠦᠢᠡᠯᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ》 ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠹᠦᠨᠻᠼ ᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠦᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠨᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠽ. B. ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | |||
ᠮᠠᠷᠻ ᠸᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠽᠧᠷ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ 《21 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠧᠰᠧᠰᠧ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 〔4〕 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ 《ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠭᠦᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠮᠠᠷᠻ ᠸᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠽᠧᠷ 1991 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ 《21 ᠍ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠻᠣᠮᠫᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠧᠰᠧᠰᠧ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ 〔4〕 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ 《ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ》 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠭᠦᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ||
ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠣᠪᠶᠧᠻᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠢ (ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ) ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠸᠢᠷᠲᠤᠸᠠᠯ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ 《ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ》 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠻᠧᠸᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 〔5〕 《ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣ᠋-ID ᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠢ》 ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ 〔6〕 | ||
RFID ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ | RFID ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣᠮᠠᠲ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠻᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠹᠦᠨᠻᠼ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ (ᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠄ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠧᠲ) 〔7〕 ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 〔8〕 | ||