"Нүүрс хийжүүлэх технологи"-ны өөр хувилбарууд

<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">__TOC__

<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠲᠦᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ (ᠠᠭᠠᠷ)᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠲᠥ᠋ᠷᠥᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠫᠷᠣᠼᠧᠰᠰ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃

[[File:Coal_Gasification_01.jpg|thumb|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'"><br> <br>]]

ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠻᠠᠷᠪᠣᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>(H₂S)</small></span>᠂ ᠾᠯᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>(HCI)</small></span>᠂ ᠮᠮᠢᠶᠠᠻ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>(NH₃)</small></span> ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠷᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠪᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃  

ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠲᠡᠢ ᠻᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠯᠢᠽᠠᠲᠣᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠫᠡᠷᠠᠲᠦᠷ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠼ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃  

[[File:Coal_Gasification_02.jpg|thumb|<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'"><br> <br>]]

<span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr; font-family: 'Noto Sans Mongolian'">ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>ДЦС</small></span> ᠍ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠥᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>IGCC</small></span> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠣᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃  

ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠧᠹᠲ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>IGCC</small></span> ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ 20% ᠍ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠧᠹᠲ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ. SOx᠂ NOx ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠼ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ᠃  

ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠍ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>11</small></span> ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>1986</small></span><span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>-</small></span><span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>1996</small></span> ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>1997</small></span><span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>-</small></span><span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>2001</small></span> ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>2001</small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>-</small></span> <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>2012</small></span> ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠻᠣᠰᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨᠼ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃  

ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>IGCC</small></span> ᠲ᠋ᠡᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠲᠦᠶᠢᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠱᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠤ 《ᠮᠢᠼᠴᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠵ ᠵᠶᠦᠻᠠᠣ᠋》 ХК ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ <span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb"><small>IGCC</small></span> ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃  

藤田和男 監修, トコトンやさしい石炭の本, 日刊工業, 2009.<br>

http://www.nedo.go.jp/hyoukabu/articles/201306igcc/index.html  

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<span style="writing-mode: horizontal-tb">нүүрс хийжүүлэх технологи<br>

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