"ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд
ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ (засварлах)
00:19, 10 Наймдугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх засвар
, 10 Наймдугаар сар 2020Edit
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| 1-р мөр: | 1-р мөр: | ||
{{Garchig}} | {{Garchig}} | ||
=ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠨ | =ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠨ ᠦ᠋᠋᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ= | ||
ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ | ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠢᠲ᠋ᠣᠰᠫᠾᠧᠷ<sup>litosphere</sup> ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠠ᠋᠃ <br> | ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠠ᠋᠃ <br> | ||
ᠲᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ<sup>spreading</sup> (ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ) ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ (ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ) ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠳᠦ᠋ᠻᠼᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠡᠨ᠍ ᠠ᠋᠃ <br> | ᠲᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ<sup>spreading</sup> (ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ) ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠨᠣᠭᠦᠳ (ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ) ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠳᠦ᠋ᠻᠼᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠍ ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠡᠨ᠍ ᠠ᠋᠃ <br> | ||
| 8-р мөр: | 8-р мөр: | ||
=ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ= | =ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ= | ||
==ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ | ==ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ= | ||
ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠥ ᠴᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠷᠻᠧᠢ<sup>Archean</sup> ᠪᠤᠶᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠡᠢ᠃ <br> | ᠡᠬᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠠᠷᠴᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠥ ᠴᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ᠋ ᠠᠷᠻᠧᠢ<sup>Archean</sup> ᠪᠤᠶᠦ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠡᠢ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠣᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠫᠷᠥᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠽᠥᠢ<sup>Proterozoic</sup> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠣᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠫᠷᠥᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠣᠽᠥᠢ<sup>Proterozoic</sup> ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃ | ||
| 66-р мөр: | 66-р мөр: | ||
ᠮᠠᠷᠢᠨᠧᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ<ref>Wolpert, Stuart (August 9, 2012). "UCLA scientist discovers plate tectonics on Mars". Yin, An. UCLA. Archived from the original on August 14, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2012</ref>᠃<br> | ᠮᠠᠷᠢᠨᠧᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ<ref>Wolpert, Stuart (August 9, 2012). "UCLA scientist discovers plate tectonics on Mars". Yin, An. UCLA. Archived from the original on August 14, 2012. Retrieved August 13, 2012</ref>᠃<br> | ||
《ᠮᠠᠷᠰ ᠭᠯᠥᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠸᠧᠶᠣᠷ》<sup>Mars Global Surveyor</sup> ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br> | 《ᠮᠠᠷᠰ ᠭᠯᠥᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠸᠧᠶᠣᠷ》<sup>Mars Global Surveyor</sup> ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ <br> | ||
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ | ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋<ref>{{Harvnb|Connerney|Acuña|Wasilewski|Ness|1999}}, {{Harvnb|Connerney|Acuña|Ness|Kletetschka|2005}}</ref>᠃<br> | ||
ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ<ref> Harrison, C.G.A. (2000). "Questions About Magnetic Lineations in the Ancient Crust of Mars". Science. </ref>᠃ <br> | ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠢᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ<ref> Harrison, C.G.A. (2000). "Questions About Magnetic Lineations in the Ancient Crust of Mars". Science. </ref>᠃ <br> | ||
===ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ=== | ===ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ=== | ||
ᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠪᠠᠳᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br> | |||
NASA 2014 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠪᠠᠳᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ <b>ᠧᠦ᠋ᠷᠣᠫᠠ</b> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠠ᠋ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠪᠠ᠃<ref>Dyches, Preston; Brown, Dwayne; Buckley, Michael (8 September 2014). "Scientists Find Evidence of 'Diving' Tectonic Plates on Europa"</ref> <br> | |||
ᠰᠠᠨᠢᠴᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ <b>ᠲᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ</b> ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ 2005 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠶᠭᠧᠨ᠍ᠰ <sup>Huygens</sup> ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋᠃<ref> Soderblom, Laurence A.; Tomasko, Martin G.; Archinal, Brent A.; Becker, Tammy L.; Bushroe, Michael W.; Cook, Debbie A.; Doose, Lyn R.; Galuszka, Donna M.; Hare, Trent M.; Howington-Kraus, Elpitha; Karkoschka, Erich; Kirk, Randolph L.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; McFarlane, Elisabeth A.; Redding, Bonnie L.; Rizk, Bashar; Rosiek, Mark R.; See, Charles; Smith, Peter H. (2007)."Topography and geomorphology of the Huygens landing site on Titan". Planetary and Space Science. 55 (13): 2015–24. </ref> <br> | |||
===ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠣᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰ=== | |||
ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠠ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ <br> | |||
ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ 2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | |||
<ref> Valencia, Diana; O'Connell, Richard J. (2009). "Convection scaling and subduction on Earth and super-Earths". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 286 (3–4): 492–502. </ref><ref> van Heck, H.J.; Tackley, P.J. (2011). "Plate tectonics on super-Earths: Equally or more likely than on Earth". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 310 (3–4): 252–61 </ref> | |||
ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ<ref>O'Neill, C.; Lenardic, A. (2007). "Geological consequences of super-sized Earths". Geophysical Research Letters. 34: L19204</ref> ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ <ref>Valencia, Diana; O'Connell, Richard J.; Sasselov, Dimitar D (November 2007). "Inevitability of Plate Tectonics on Super-Earths". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 670 (1): L45–L48</ref> ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ <br> | |||
ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠨᠢᠻ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃<ref>Stern, Robert J. (July 2016). "Is plate tectonics needed to evolve technological species on exoplanets?". Geoscience Frontiers. 7 (4): 573–580</ref> | |||
=ᠳᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ= | |||
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plate tectonics<br> | |||
subduction<br> | |||
Earth crust<br> | |||
divergence<br> | |||
convergence<br> | |||
transform<br> | |||
spreading<br> | |||
lifting<br> | |||
mantle<br> | |||
тектоника плит<br> | |||
мантия<br> | |||
земная кора<br> | |||
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=ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ= | |||
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