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"ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ"-ны өөр хувилбарууд

ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ (засварлах)

15:40, 14 Наймдугаар сар 2020-ий байдлаарх засвар

9,762 bytes added ,  14 Наймдугаар сар 2020
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1-р мөр: 1-р мөр:
#ЧИГЛҮҮЛЭГ [[Кварк]]
{{Garchig}}
 
==<big><big>ᠨᠡᠷ ᠊ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠊ᠠ᠋</big></big>==
{{Horizontal}}[[File:Standard Model of Elementary Particles.svg|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠡᠭᠡᠯ<br>ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠦᠨ<br>ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠋ᠳᠠᠷᠲ<br>ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ]]{{Z}}
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠦᠷᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠧᠯᠯ-ᠮᠠᠨᠨ(Murray Gell-Mann) ᠠᠩᠬ ᠠ {{Horizontal}}1963{{Z}} ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠵᠧᠢᠢᠮᠰ ᠵᠣᠢᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ (James Joyce) 《ᠹᠢᠨᠨᠡᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ》ᠵᠥᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠦ Three quarks for Muster Mark! ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠷᠳᠠᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ᠃
 
 
==<big><big>ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ</big></big>==
ᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ᠍ᠲᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ '''ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ''' ᠨᠢ {{Horizontal}}e/3{{Z}} ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠾᠠᠲᠷᠣᠨ᠍<sup>hadron</sup> ‍ᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋᠋ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠯᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠾᠠᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨ᠍ᠢ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ᠂ ᠨᠧᠦᠲ᠋᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠨ [[ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ]] ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ᠂ ᠨᠧᠦᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠵᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
 
==<big><big>ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ</big></big>==
'''ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ'''᠄  ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ (ᠦᠨᠡᠷ) ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠲᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ 1⁄3᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠪᠡᠯ 2⁄3 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃
<br>'''ᠰᠫᠢᠨ'''᠎: ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠬᠢ ᠰᠫᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠸᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ +''ħ''/2 ᠪᠣᠶᠣ −''ħ''/2 ᠣᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠠᠪᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠢ ᠰᠫᠢᠨ᠎-½ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃<ref>{cock{cite book|author=F. Close|title=The New Cosmic Onion|pages=80–90|publisher=[[|CRC Press]]|year=2006|isbn=1-58488-798-2</span></ref>
<br>'''ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ'''  ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃  ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠻ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃  ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂  ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ (ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢ᠂ ᠭᠣᠶᠣ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ) W ᠪᠣᠽᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠬᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ (ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠂ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ) ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃  ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠮᠧᠻᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠧᠲ᠋ᠠ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠧᠶᠢᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠎ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠫᠷᠣᠲ᠋ᠣᠨ᠎᠂ ᠧᠯᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ᠎᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠧᠶᠢᠲᠷᠢᠨᠣ (ᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠢᠨᠧᠶᠢᠲᠷᠢᠨᠣ) ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃
{{Horizontal}}[[File:Exampl2.png|thumb|{{Mongolian}}ᠪᠧᠲ᠋ᠠ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ]]{{Z}}
<br>'''ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ'''᠄ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠤᠨᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠬᠢᠯᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠡᠶ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠯᠦ᠋ᠶᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠤᠴᠤᠲᠡᠶ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠻᠸᠠᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠻᠷᠣᠮᠣᠳᠢᠨᠠᠮᠢᠻ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃
<br>'''ᠮᠠᠰᠰ'''᠄ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠢᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠂ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠻᠸᠠᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠮᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠻᠸᠡᠷᠻ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠯᠦ᠋ᠶᠣᠨ᠎ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
==<big><big>ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ  ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ  ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ</big></big>==
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!ᠨᠡᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋
! rowspan="13" |ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ<br />ᠦᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋
!ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢ
!ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠥᠭᠰᠢ
! rowspan="13" |ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br />ᠦᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋
!ᠭᠣᠶᠤ
!ᠭᠠᠵᠢ
! rowspan="13" |ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br />ᠦᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋
!ᠲᠠᠭ
!ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ
|-
|ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ
|{{Horizontal}}u
|{{Horizontal}}d
|{{Horizontal}}c
|{{Horizontal}}s
|{{Horizontal}}t
|{{Horizontal}}b
|-
|ᠮᠠᠰᠰ {{Horizontal}}(MeV/''c''<sup>2</sup>)<sup>*</sup>
|{{Horizontal}}2.3±0.7 ± 0.5
|{{Horizontal}}4.8±0.5±0.3
|{{Horizontal}}1275±25
|{{Horizontal}}95±5
|{{Horizontal}}173210±510±710
|{{Horizontal}}4180±30
|-
|{{Horizontal}}J
|{{Horizontal}}1/2
|{{Horizontal}}1/2
|{{Horizontal}}1/2
|{{Horizontal}}1/2
|{{Horizontal}}1/2
|{{Horizontal}}1/2
|-
|{{Horizontal}}B
|{{Horizontal}}+1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+1/3
|-
|{{Horizontal}}''Q''  (e)
|{{Horizontal}}+2/3
|{{Horizontal}}-1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+2/3
|{{Horizontal}}-1/3
|{{Horizontal}}+2/3
|{{Horizontal}}-1/3
|-
|{{Horizontal}}''I''<sub>3</sub>
|{{Horizontal}}+1/2
|{{Horizontal}}+1/2
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|-
|{{Horizontal}}C
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}+1
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|-
|{{Horizontal}}S
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}-1
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|-
|{{Horizontal}}T
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}+1
|{{Horizontal}}0
|-
|{{Horizontal}}''B′''
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}0
|{{Horizontal}}-1
|-
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮ
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢ
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
 
ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
 
ᠭᠣᠶᠤ
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
 
ᠭᠠᠵᠢ
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
 
ᠲᠠᠭ
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ
 
ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ
|-
|ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ<br>ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠨ<br>ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ
|{{Horizontal}}ū
|{{Horizontal}}d̄
|{{Horizontal}}c̄
|{{Horizontal}}s̄
|{{Horizontal}}t̄
|{{Horizontal}}b̄
|}
 
<small>{{Horizontal}}''J''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ ᠦᠩᠴᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠮᠧᠨᠲ <br>{{Horizontal}}''B''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠶᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ{{Z}} <br>{{Horizontal}}''Q''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠭ <br>{{Horizontal}}''I''<sub>3</sub>{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠢᠰᠣᠰᠫᠢᠨ{{Z}} <br>{{Horizontal}}''C''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ <br>{{Horizontal}}''S/''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ{{Z}} <br>{{Horizontal}}''T''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ{{Z}} <br>{{Horizontal}}''B'''{{Z}} ᠨᠢ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ{{Z}}{{Z}}
<br>
=<big><big>ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ</big></big>=
{{Horizontal}}<Comments/>{{Z}}
=<big><big>ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ</big></big>=
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кварк<br>
кваркийн онол<br>
эгэл бөөмс<br>
quarks<br>
elementary particles<br>
quant mechanics<br>
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Khuree Khairaa
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