Засварлах: ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ (хэсэгчилэн)

==ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ==
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|style = "height: 110px;"|ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶ ‍ᠡ᠋ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠃ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠮᠠᠲᠠ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ
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1635 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠩᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂  ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ᠃

ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠠᠮᠴᠣ (1599-1662) ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ 1648 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃

ᠵᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ 17 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨ᠍ᠵᠤᠱᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠬᠲᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠯ᠂ 19 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠯᠦᠩ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃

ᠵᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ 1616 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠵᠤ ᠴᠠᠨᠢᠳ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ 20 ᠍ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠤᠤ ‍ᠢᠢᠨ ᠷᠠᠪᠵᠠᠮᠪᠠ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 1639 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃

ᠵᠠᠶ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠬᠠᠢᠢᠵᠠᠮᠴᠣ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃

ᠲᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠬᠦᠦ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠨᠣᠮᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠪᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ "ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ" ᠍ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠷᠠᠳᠨᠠᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠣᠭᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭᠲᠦ᠂ ᠠᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠴᠣᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃

ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ‍ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠪᠯᠠᠮ ‍ᠠ᠋ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢ 379 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠩᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ  ‍ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ‍ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ 1650-1662 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ 177 ᠨᠣᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ 37 ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃

ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ 

ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ᠂ ᠬᠣᠪᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨ᠍ᠺᠲ-ᠫᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠪᠦ᠋ᠷᠭ᠌ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ-ᠦᠳᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠲᠲᠾᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃

ᠲᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃

ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ ‍ᠡ᠋ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ‍ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠳ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃