ᠳᠤᠯᠮ ᠊ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠊ᠤᠨ
ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ
ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ | |
|---|---|
| ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠣᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ | |
| ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠩᠨᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ | 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ |
| ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠷ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ |
| ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ | ᠪᠥᠭᠥᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ |
| ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠥᠳ | 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ |
| ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ | ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠢᠻᠲᠢᠶᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ |
| ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ | ᠰᠦᠬᠡᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢᠲᠦ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ 6 ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠵᠦ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ |
| ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠣᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ | ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠶ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠧᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠶ[1]
ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ[2]᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ |
| ᠬᠣᠪᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠷᠢ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ 25 ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠥᠭᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ[1] |
| ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ/ᠴᠣᠯ | ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ 1964
ᠳ᠋ᠣᠻᠲᠣᠷ 1974 ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ 1987 |
| ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ | ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠲᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠹᠧᠰᠰᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ[1] |
ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ
ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠨ ᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠣᠷᠤᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠠᠭ᠌ᠷᠣᠨᠣᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ᠃
ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠭ᠌ᠷᠣᠨᠣᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠠᠨᠤ 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ ᠢᠢ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 19 ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠊ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠠᠰᠫᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃[3]
ᠠᠰᠫᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ 25 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 32 ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠊ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠶ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠩᠨᠭᠤᠷᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯ ᠡ᠋ ᠲᠡᠮᠴᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠳᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠬᠤᠠᠯᠭᠠᠶ ᠊ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠠᠢᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ "ᠪᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠶ" ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠶ᠃[3]
ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ
 |
ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠶ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ |
ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢᠢ 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 2 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠠᠰᠫᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠍ᠲ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 25 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠣᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠠ᠋ 1958 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ Coregonus migratorius (ᠣᠮᠤᠯ) ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ 14 ᠰᠠᠶᠠ ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠶ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠪᠰᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠡᠶ᠃[3]
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠦᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃
ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ 5 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠦᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠯᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠢᠮᠦ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠶ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠣᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠵᠢᠯᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠶ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠬ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠰᠦ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ Coregonus peled (ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠮ ᠠ᠋) ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩᠨᠡᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ 1982-83 ᠣᠨ ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠶ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠶ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠰᠦ ᠢᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠱᠢᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠵᠤᠬᠤᠶ᠃
ᠳ᠋ᠣᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ 2007 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠶ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠫᠷᠣᠹᠧᠰᠰᠣᠷ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠢᠲᠡ 25 ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ 3000 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠶ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ 0.4 ᠾᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠶ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠴᠢᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠬᠣᠩᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠨᠳᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ - ᠥᠯᠡᠭᠡᠶ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠥᠪᠦᠷᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠶ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ 5 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠮᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠢᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠣᠮᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃[1]
ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠ᠊ ∙ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ 1975 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ-ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠻᠰᠫᠧᠳᠢᠼ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1994-1995 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ-ᠱᠸᠧᠢᠢᠴᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ᠂ 1995 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃[1]
ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ "ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠭᠧᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ" ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ 1964 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ᠂ "ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠥᠭᠢ" ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ 1974 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠣᠻᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠮᠥᠨ 1987 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 50 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃
ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ
._%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%98%D0%90_REGNUM.jpg) |
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠮᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ (Coregonus peled) |
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠣᠯᠧᠻᠥᠯ - ᠫᠾᠢᠯᠣᠭᠧᠨᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠻ ᠥᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠡᠴᠡ᠃ ᠠᠶᠤᠷ ᠳᠤᠯᠮ᠍᠌᠍᠋ ᠠ᠋᠃ Research Gate. 2016/02
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠼᠧᠨᠣᠽ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠯ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠍ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠲᠧᠻᠨᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠵᠮᠧᠨ᠍ᠲ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ᠃ ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮ ᠠ᠋᠂ ᠴ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠰᠢᠰᠦᠷᠦᠩ᠂ ᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ᠃ ᠾᠢᠲᠷᠣᠪᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠣᠷᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ 2008 - 2010 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠥᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠯᠣᠨ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ 2010
Fishery and Biological substantiation the project of building hydropower station on Egiin-Gol in Mongolia. Ayur Dulmaa. 2008
Рыбоводно-Биологическое обоснование к проекту строительства гидроэлектростанции на реке Эгийн гол (Монголия). Аюур Дулмаа. 2008
Современное состояние и тенденции развития водных сообществ Монголии. Аюур Дулмаа. 2008
Report of the scientific field survey on Lake Hovsgol and itstributaries. Ayur Dulmaa, M.Sugiyama, V.V Drucker. 2009
Современное состояние водных экосистем Монголии. Ю.Ю Дгебуадзе, Аюур Дулмаа, Н.И Дорофеюк, А.В Крылов, Ю.В Слынько. 2010
Фаунистические исследования и проблемы сохранения биоразнообразия Монголии. Цэсрэнжав Жанчив, Аюур Дулмаа, Янсанжав Адъяа, Сандуй Дуламцэрэн, Ш.Болдбаатар. 2010
Зоопланктон водоемов Западной Монголии. Крылов А.В, Аюур Дулмаа, Б.Ганцоож. 2010
ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ
ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠷ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠣᠻᠲ᠋ᠣᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠬᠦᠪᠰᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠢᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠢᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠡᠶ᠃[4]
ᠬᠦᠦ ᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
ᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠶ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠧᠻᠰᠫᠧᠳᠢᠼ ᠲᠦ ᠠᠴᠢᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠠᠴᠶ᠂ ᠵᠠᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠡᠶ᠃
ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ
ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ - Ichthyology -
ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ - biology -
ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ -
ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ -
ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ -
ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠰᠦ - spawn -
ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠶ - larva -
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠮᠠ -
ᠰᠢᠪᠢᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠ -
ᠣᠮᠤᠯ -
ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ -
ᠵᠦᠢᠯ - species -
ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ -
ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠢᠴᠶ ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠲᠦ ᠫᠷᠣᠹᠧᠰᠰᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠶ 2017
- ↑ ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠢᠴᠣᠭᠵᠤᠯ᠃ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠶ ᠢᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠻᠠᠳᠧᠮᠶ᠂ ᠪᠢᠣᠯᠥᠭᠶ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ᠃ 2020
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 ᠪ᠊᠂ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭᠮᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠰᠠᠢᠢᠳ ᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ "ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ" ᠳᠤᠯᠮᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠢᠡᠷ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠠᠨᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ᠃ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠃ 2019/03/06
- ↑ ᠰᠠᠩᠵᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠤᠭ "ᠵᠥᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ" ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠃ ISBN: 978-99195-0-015-3. Nepko 2019